Structures of Adenovirus Incomplete Particles Clarify Capsid Architecture and Show Maturation Changes of Packaging Protein L1 52/55k

Journal of Virology - Tập 89 Số 18 - Trang 9653-9664 - 2015
Gabriela N. Condezo1,2, R. Marabini3, Silvia Ayora4, J.M. Carazo1, Raúl Alba5,6, Miguel Chillón5,6, Carmen San Martı́n1,2
1Department of Macromolecular Structures, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
2NanoBiomedicine Initiative, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
3Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
4Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
5Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Departament Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
6Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain

Tóm tắt

ABSTRACT Adenovirus is one of the most complex icosahedral, nonenveloped viruses. Even after its structure was solved at near-atomic resolution by both cryo-electron microscopy and X-ray crystallography, the location of minor coat proteins is still a subject of debate. The elaborated capsid architecture is the product of a correspondingly complex assembly process, about which many aspects remain unknown. Genome encapsidation involves the concerted action of five virus proteins, and proteolytic processing by the virus protease is needed to prime the virion for sequential uncoating. Protein L1 52/55k is required for packaging, and multiple cleavages by the maturation protease facilitate its release from the nascent virion. Light-density particles are routinely produced in adenovirus infections and are thought to represent assembly intermediates. Here, we present the molecular and structural characterization of two different types of human adenovirus light particles produced by a mutant with delayed packaging. We show that these particles lack core polypeptide V but do not lack the density corresponding to this protein in the X-ray structure, thereby adding support to the adenovirus cryo-electron microscopy model. The two types of light particles present different degrees of proteolytic processing. Their structures provide the first glimpse of the organization of L1 52/55k protein inside the capsid shell and of how this organization changes upon partial maturation. Immature, full-length L1 52/55k is poised beneath the vertices to engage the virus genome. Upon proteolytic processing, L1 52/55k disengages from the capsid shell, facilitating genome release during uncoating. IMPORTANCE Adenoviruses have been extensively characterized as experimental systems in molecular biology, as human pathogens, and as therapeutic vectors. However, a clear picture of many aspects of their basic biology is still lacking. Two of these aspects are the location of minor coat proteins in the capsid and the molecular details of capsid assembly. Here, we provide evidence supporting one of the two current models for capsid architecture. We also show for the first time the location of the packaging protein L1 52/55k in particles lacking the virus genome and how this location changes during maturation. Our results contribute to clarifying standing questions in adenovirus capsid architecture and provide new details on the role of L1 52/55k protein in assembly.

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Journal of Virology

Tập 89 Số 18

9653-9664

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