Spatial Tests of the Pesticide Drift, Habitat Destruction, UV‐B, and Climate‐Change Hypotheses for California Amphibian Declines

Conservation Biology - Tập 16 Số 6 - Trang 1588-1601 - 2002
Carlos Davidson, H. Bradley Shaffer1, Mark R. Jennings2
1Section of Evolution and Ecology, and Center for Population Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, U.S.A.
2Rana Resources, 39913 Sharon Avenue, Davis, CA 95616–9456, U.S.A., and Department of Herpetology, California Academy of Sciences, Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, CA 94118, U.S.A.

Tóm tắt

Abstract: Wind‐borne pesticides have long been suggested as a cause of amphibian declines in areas without obvious habitat destruction. In California, the transport and deposition of pesticides from the agriculturally intensive Central Valley to the adjacent Sierra Nevada is well documented, and pesticides have been found in the bodies of Sierra frogs. Pesticides are therefore a plausible cause of declines, but to date no direct links have been found between pesticides and actual amphibian population declines. Using a geographic information system, we constructed maps of the spatial pattern of declines for eight declining California amphibian taxa, and compared the observed patterns of decline to those predicted by hypotheses of wind‐borne pesticides, habitat destruction, ultraviolet radiation, and climate change. In four species, we found a strong positive association between declines and the amount of upwind agricultural land use, suggesting that wind‐borne pesticides may be an important factor in declines. For two other species, declines were strongly associated with local urban and agricultural land use, consistent with the habitat‐destruction hypothesis. The patterns of decline were not consistent with either the ultraviolet radiation or climate‐change hypotheses for any of the species we examined.

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Conservation Biology

Tập 16 Số 6

1588-1601

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