Nội dung được dịch bởi AI, chỉ mang tính chất tham khảo
Phân bố không gian và đánh giá rủi ro sinh thái của các radionuclide tự nhiên và các nguyên tố vi lượng trong đất nông nghiệp khu vực Đông Bắc thung lũng Nile, Ai Cập
Tóm tắt
Được biết đến với độ màu mỡ nông nghiệp, đất của thung lũng Nile ở Ai Cập đã bị xuống cấp do quá trình đô thị hóa nhanh chóng và gia tăng hoạt động công nghiệp trong những năm gần đây. Chất lượng đất nông nghiệp và các mối nguy về sức khỏe bức xạ liên quan đến công nhân nông nghiệp ở khu vực Đông Bắc thung lũng Nile đã được đánh giá dựa trên phân tích kim loại vi lượng (Hg, Cd, Zn, Pb, Cu, Mn và Fe) và đo lường radionuclide tự nhiên (238U, 226Ra, 232Th, 40K và 210Pb) của hai mươi mẫu đất. Kết quả cho thấy rằng đất nông nghiệp có nồng độ các nguyên tố vi lượng thấp hơn mức trung bình thế giới. Tuy nhiên, một sự phong phú đáng kể về hàm lượng Cd và Cu đã được quan sát ở một số địa điểm đất. Sự phong phú ở một số nguyên tố vi lượng, đặc biệt là kim loại Cd, được cho là do tác động của các yếu tố tự nhiên và con người, bao gồm sự xuất hiện và phân bố của cặn silty và đất sét, việc sử dụng chính thức nước thải đô thị và thuốc trừ sâu, việc thiêu hủy rác thải nông nghiệp, và phát thải từ các nhà máy gạch và nhà máy điện nhiệt chạy bằng mazut quanh khu vực. Các chỉ số ô nhiễm và rủi ro sinh thái được ước tính cho thấy rằng một số loại đất trong khu vực không bị ô nhiễm với các nguyên tố vi lượng; trong khi đó, một số loại đất khác được phân loại là “ô nhiễm vừa phải” đến “ô nhiễm”. Các kết quả từ các phép đo bức xạ cho thấy rằng nồng độ hoạt động của các radionuclide được điều tra cũng thấp hơn mức hoạt động trung vị thế giới của đất. Tổng liều hiệu quả hàng năm từ các con đường phơi nhiễm khác nhau đã được tính toán. Các giá trị ước tính rủi ro ung thư suốt đời cho công nhân nông nghiệp cao hơn rất nhiều so với mức trung bình thế giới của đất. Điều này ngụ ý rằng có khả năng cao gây ra ung thư trong suốt quãng đời của nông dân trong khu vực nghiên cứu.
Từ khóa
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