Social Support Associated with Condom Use Behavior Among Female Sex Workers in Iran

International Journal of Behavioral Medicine - Tập 29 - Trang 321-333 - 2021
Zahra Jorjoran Shushtari1, Ali Mirzazadeh2,3, SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi4, Seyed Ali Hosseini1, Homeira Sajjadi5, Yahya Salimi6, Tom A. B. Snijders7,8
1Social Determinants of Health Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2Institute for Futures Studies in Health, HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
3Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
4Iranian Research Center, HIV/AIDS, Iranian Institute for Reduction of High-Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
5Social Welfare Management Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
6Social Development & Health Promotion Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
7Department of Sociology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
8Nuffield College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK

Tóm tắt

Despite the widespread knowledge about social support and health, there is little information about the association between social support and HIV risk behaviors such as condom use among female sex workers (FSWs) in Iran. This study aimed to determine the association between social support and frequency of condom use among FSWs in Tehran, Iran. Using mixed sampling methods, we recruited 170 FSWs in Tehran in 2017. We measured self-reported social support by face-to-face interviews using a standardized questionnaire. Linear regression was used to assess the association between socio-demographic characteristics (age, education level, marital status, and place of living), transactional sex characteristics (age at first transactional sex and frequency of transactional sex in the last month), HIV knowledge, social support network characteristics (social network size, duration of tie, intimacy, social support), and condom use behavior. Of the total of 1193 persons in FSW’s social networks, 615 (51%) were sexual partners, 529 (44%) were peer sex workers, and 36 (5%) were family members. The participants perceived moderate social support from sexual partners, low from peer sex workers, and very low from family members. Adjusted for individual and other network characteristics, peer sex worker social support (b = 0.28, 95%CI 0.06, 0.50), and family support (b = 1.12, 95%CI 0.028, 2.23) were significantly associated with condom use. Family and peer sex worker social support are associated with condom use, but less strongly than HIV knowledge or place of living. However, very few FSWs are socially connected with families. Interventions to promote condom use among this vulnerable population should also consider social and familial support.

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International Journal of Behavioral Medicine

Tập 29

321-333

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