Social Cognitive Theory: An Agentic Perspective
Tóm tắt
▪ Abstract The capacity to exercise control over the nature and quality of one's life is the essence of humanness. Human agency is characterized by a number of core features that operate through phenomenal and functional consciousness. These include the temporal extension of agency through intentionality and forethought, self-regulation by self-reactive influence, and self-reflectiveness about one's capabilities, quality of functioning, and the meaning and purpose of one's life pursuits. Personal agency operates within a broad network of sociostructural influences. In these agentic transactions, people are producers as well as products of social systems. Social cognitive theory distinguishes among three modes of agency: direct personal agency, proxy agency that relies on others to act on one's behest to secure desired outcomes, and collective agency exercised through socially coordinative and interdependent effort. Growing transnational embeddedness and interdependence are placing a premium on collective efficacy to exercise control over personal destinies and national life.
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Alland A, 1972, The Human Imperative.
Austin JH, 1978, Chase, Chance, and Creativity: The Lucky Art of Novelty.
Baldwin C, Baldwin A, Sameroff A, Seifer R. 1989.The role of family interaction in the prediction of adolescent competence. Presented at Bienn. Meet. Soc. Res. Child Dev., Kansas City, MO
Baltes MM, 1996, The Many Faces of Dependency in Old Age.
Bandura A, 1973, Aggression: A Social Learning Analysis.
Bandura A, 1986, Social Foundations of Thought and Action: A Social Cognitive Theory.
Bandura A. 1991a.Social cognitive theory of moral thought and action.InHandbook of Moral Behavior and Development, ed. WM Kurtines, JL Gewirtz, 1:45–103. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum
Bandura A. 1991b.Self-regulation of motivation through anticipatory and self-reactive mechanisms.InPerspectives on Motivation: Nebraska Symposium on Motivation, ed. RA Dienstbier, 38:69–164. Lincoln: Univ. Nebraska Press
Bandura A, 1997, Self-Efficacy: The Exercise of Control.
Bandura A. 1999a.A social cognitive theory of personality.InHandbook of Personality, ed. L Pervin, O John, pp. 154–96. New York: Guilford. 2nd ed.
Bandura A, 2000, Child Dev.
Bandura A, 2000, J. Pers. Soc. Psychol.
Brandtstädter J. 1992.Personal control over development: implications of self-efficacy.InSelf-Efficacy: Thought Control of Action, ed. R Schwarzer, pp. 127–45. Washington, DC: Hemisphere
Burns TR, Dietz T. 2000. Human agency and evolutionary processes: institutional dynamics and social revolution. InAgency in Social Theory, ed. B Wittrock. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. In press
Davidson D. 1971. Agency. InAgent, Action, and Reason, ed. R Binkley, R Bronaugh, A Marras, pp. 3–37. Univ. Toronto Press
Diamond MC, 1988, Enriching Heredity.
Elder GH, Ardelt M. 1992.Families Adapting to Economic Pressure: Some Consequences for Parents and Adolescents. Presented at Soc. Res. Adolesc., Washington, DC
Fausto-Sterling A, 1992, Myths of Gender: Biological Theories About Women and Men.
Feather NT, 1982, Expectations and Actions: Expectancy-Value Models in Psychology.
Fernández-Ballesteros R, Díez-Nicolás J, Caprara GV, Barbaranelli C, Bandura A. 2000.Structural Relation of Perceived Personal Efficacy to Perceived Collective Efficacy. Submitted for publication
Giddens A, 1984, The Constitution of Society: Outline of the Theory of Structuration.
Gould SJ, 1987, An Urchin in the Storm.
Green CD, Vervaeke J. 1996.What kind of explanation, if any, is a connectionist net?InProblems of Theoretical Psychology, ed. CW Tolman, F Cherry, R van Hezewijk, I Lubek, pp. 201–8. North York, Ont.: Captus
Hamburg DA, 1992, Today's Children: Creating a Future for a Generation in Crisis.
Harré R, 1983, Personal Being: A Theory for Individual Psychology.
Keohane RO. 1993.Sovereignty, interdependence and international institutions.InIdeas and Ideals: Essays on Politics in Honor of Stanley Hoffman, ed. L Miller, M Smith, pp. 91–107. Boulder, CO: Westview
Keohane RO, 1977, Power and Interdependence: World Politics in Transition.
Kim U, 1994, Individualism and Collectivism: Theory, Method, and Applications.
Levy D. 2000.Djerassi sees shift in reproductive roles. Stanford Rep. 32:1
Locke EA, 1990, A Theory of Goal Setting and Task Performance.
Midgley M, 1978, Beast and Man: The Roots of Human Nature.
Pasteur L. 1854.Inaugural lecture. University of Lille, France
Schooler C. 1990.Individualism and the historical and social-structural determinants of people's concerns over self-directedness and efficacy.InSelf-Directedness: Cause and Effects Throughout the Life Course, ed. J Rodin, C Schooler, KW Schaie, pp. 19–58. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum
Schwarzer R, 1992, Self-Efficacy: Thought Control of Action.
Singhal A, 1999, Entertainment-Education: A Communication Strategy for Social Change.
Wilson EO, 1998, Consilience: The Unity of Knowledge.
Zimbardo PG, 1995, Res. Soc. Psychol. (Japn. J.), 11, 125