Sluggish cognitive tempo in children and adolescents with higher functioning autism spectrum disorders: Social impairments and internalizing symptoms

Scandinavian Journal of Psychology - Tập 58 Số 5 - Trang 389-399 - 2017
Outi Reinvall1,2, Teija Kujala3, A Voutilainen2, Anu‐Liisa Moisio4, Pekka Lahti‐Nuuttila1, Marja Laasonen5,1,6
1Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
2Pediatric Neurology University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland
3Cognitive Brain Research Unit (CBRU), Department of Psychology and Logopedics Faculty of Medicine University of Helsinki Finland
4Department of Child Psychiatry University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland
5Department of Phoniatrics University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland
6Department of Speech-Language Pathology Psychology University of Turku Turku Finland

Tóm tắt

Sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) was introduced in 1980s in the field of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Studies indicate that symptoms of SCT are separate from symptoms of ADHD and independently associated with multiple domains of functioning in clinical groups and in typical development. We assessed whether similar pattern would apply to higher functioning autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Children with higher functioning ASD (N = 55; 5−15 years) were divided into the ASD+High SCT (n = 17), the ASD+Medium SCT (n = 18) and the ASD+Low SCT (n = 20) groups based on parent‐rated daydreaming and slowness on the Five to Fifteen questionnaire (FTF). The groups were compared on SCT‐related impairments found in previous studies: social skills, academic functioning, psychiatric symptoms, and processing speed. Assessment methods were the FTF, the Development and Well‐Being Assessment, and the Coding subtest of the WISC‐III. The ADHD symptoms were statistically controlled due to the overlap between SCT and ADHD. The ASD+High SCT and ASD+Medium SCT groups were significantly more likely to have the most pronounced social impairments, and the ASD+High SCT group had significantly higher rate of internalizing disorders compared to the ASD+Low SCT group. Our results suggest that children with higher functioning ASD and high or medium levels of SCT symptoms could be at higher risk for psychosocial impairments than children with higher functioning ASD with low levels of SCT symptoms. Co‐occurring ADHD symptoms do not explain the finding. Recognizing SCT symptoms in higher functioning ASD would be important to targeting preventive support.

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Scandinavian Journal of Psychology

Tập 58 Số 5

389-399

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