Sluggish cognitive tempo and its neurocognitive, social and emotive correlates: a systematic review of the current literature
Tóm tắt
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Lee S, Burns GL, Snell J, McBurnett K: Validity of the sluggish cognitive tempo symptom dimension in children: Sluggish cognitive tempo and adhd-inattention as distinct symptom dimensions. J Abnorm Child Psychol 2013,42(1):7–19. doi:10.1007/s10802–013–9714–3
Penny AM, Waschbusch DA, Klein RM, Corkum P, Eskes G: Developing a measure of sluggish cognitive tempo for children: content validity, factor structure, and reliability. Psychol Assess 2009, 21: 380–389. doi:10.1037/a0016600
Graham DM, Crocker N, Deweese BN, Roesch SC, Coles CD, Kable JA, Mattson SN: Prenatal alcohol exposure, attention‒deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and sluggish cognitive tempo. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2013, 37: E338-E346.
Reeves CB, Palmer S, Gross AM, Simonian SJ, Taylor L, Willingham E, Mulhern RK: Brief report: sluggish cognitive tempo among pediatric survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. J Pediatr Psychol 2007,32(9):1050–1054. doi:10.1093/jpepsy/jsm063
Becker SP, Luebbe AM, Fite PJ, Stoppelbein L, Greening L: Sluggish cognitive tempo in psychiatrically hospitalized children: Factor structure and relations to internalizing symptoms, social problems, and observed behavioral dysregulation. J Abnorm Child Psychol 2013,42(1):49–62. doi:10.1007/s10802–013–9719-y
Milich R, Balentine AC, Lynam DR: ADHD combined type and ADHD predominantly inattentive type are distinct and unrelated disorders. Clin Psychol Sci Pract 2001,8(4):463–488. doi:10.1093/clipsy/8.4.463
American Psychiatric Association: Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-IV).. Washington (DC): American Psychiatric Association; 1994.
Schatz DB, Rostain AL: ADHD with comorbid anxiety: a review of the current literature. J Atten Disord 2006,10(2):141–149. doi:10.1177/1087054706286698
Frick PJ, Lahey BB, Applegate B, Kerdyck L, Ollendick T, Hynd GW, Waldman I: DSM-IV field trials for the disruptive behavior disorders: symptom utility estimates. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatr 1994,33(4):529–539. doi:10.1097/00004583–199405000–00011
Langberg JM, Becker SP, Dvorsky MR: The association between sluggish cognitive tempo and academic functioning in youth with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). J Abnorm Child Psychol 2013,42(1):91–103. doi:10.1007/s10802–013–9722–3
Bauermeister JJ, Barkley RA, Bauermeister JA, Martínez JV, McBurnett K: Validity of the sluggish cognitive tempo, inattention, and hyperactivity symptom dimensions: Neuropsychological and psychosocial correlates. J Abnorm Child Psychol 2012,40(5):683–697. doi:10.1007/s10802–011–9602–7
Bauermeister JJ, Matos M, Reina G, Salas CC, Martínez JV, Cumba E, Barkley RA: Comparison of the DSM-IV combined and inattentive types of ADHD in a school-based sample of Latino/Hispanic children. J Child Psychol Psychiatr 2005,46(2):166–179. doi:10.1111/j.1469–7610.2004.00343.x
Garner AA, Marceaux JC, Mrug S, Patterson C, Hodgens B: Dimensions and correlates of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and sluggish cognitive tempo. J Abnorm Child Psychol 2010,38(8):1097–1107. doi:10.1007/s10802–010–9436–8
Hartman CA, Willcutt EG, Rhee SH, Pennington BF: The relation between sluggish cognitive tempo and DSM-IV ADHD. J Abnorm Child Psychol 2004,32(5):491–503. doi:10.1023/B:JACP.0000037779.85211.29
Barkley RA, DuPaul GJ, McMurray MB: Comprehensive evaluation of attention deficit disorder with and without hyperactivity as defined by research criteria. J Consult Clin Psychol 1990,58(6):775–789. doi:10.1037/0022–006X.58.6.775
Barkley RA: Distinguishing sluggish cognitive tempo from attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adults. J Abnorm Psychol 2012,121(4):978–990. doi:10.1037/a0023961
Carlson CL, Mann M: Sluggish cognitive tempo predicts a different pattern of impairment in the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, predominantly inattentive type. J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol 2002,31(1):123–129. doi:10.1207/153744202753441738
Diamond A: Attention-deficit disorder (attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder without hyperactivity): A neurobiologically and behaviorally distinct disorder from attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (with hyperactivity). Dev Psychopathol 2005,17(3):807–825. doi:10.1017/S0954579405050388
McBurnett K, Pfiffner LJ, Frick PJ: Symptom properties as a function of ADHD type: an argument for continued study of sluggish cognitive tempo. J Abnorm Child Psychol 2001,29(3):207–213. doi:10.1023/A:1010377530749
Barkley RA: Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity disorder. Edited by: Wolfe DA, Mash EJ. New York, NY USA: Guilford Publications; 2006:91–152.
Froehlich TE, Lanphear BP, Epstein JN, Barbaresi WJ, Katusic SK, Kahn RS: Prevalence, recognition, and treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in a national sample of US children. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2007, 161: 857–864.
Merikangas KR, He J, Brody D, Fisher PW, Bourdon K, Koretz DS: Prevalence and treatment of mental disorders among US children in the 2001–2004 NHANES. Pediatrics 2010,125(1):75–81. doi:10.1542/peds.2008–2598
Mikami AY, Huang-Pollock C, Pfiffner LJ, McBurnett K, Hangai D: Social skills differences among attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder types in a chat room assessment task. J Abnorm Child Psychol 2007,35(4):509–521. doi:10.1007/s10802–007–9108–5
Wåhlstedt C, Bohlin G: DSM-IV-defined inattention and sluggish cognitive tempo: Independent and interactive relations to neuropsychological factors and comorbidity. Child Neuropsychol 2010,16(4):350–365. doi:10.1080/09297041003671176
Becker SP: Topical review: Sluggish cognitive tempo: Research findings and relevance for pediatric psychology. J Pediatr Psychol 2013,38(10):1051–1057. doi:10.1093/jpepsy/jst058
Moruzzi S, Rijsdijk F, Battaglia M: A twin study of the relationships among inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity and sluggish cognitive tempo problems. J Abnorm Child Psychol 2013,42(1):63–75. doi:10.1007/s10802–013–9725–0
Harrington KM, Waldman ID: Evaluating the utility of sluggish cognitive tempo in discriminating among DSM-IV ADHD subtypes. J Abnorm Child Psychol 2010,38(2):173–184. doi:10.1007/s10802–009–9355–8
Lahey BB, Schaughency EA, Hynd GW, Carlson CL, Nieves N: Attention deficit disorder with and without hyperactivity: Comparison of behavioral characteristics of clinic-referred children. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatr 1987,26(5):718–723. doi:10.1097/00004583–198709000–00017
Skansgaard EP, Burns GL: Comparison of DSM-IV ADHD combined and predominantly inattention types. Child Fam Behav Ther 1998,20(1):1–14. doi:10.1300/J019v20n01_01
Todd RD, Rasmussen ER, Wood C, Levy F, Hay DA: Should sluggish cognitive tempo symptoms be included in the diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder? J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatr 2004,43(5):588–597. doi:10.1097/00004583–200405000–00012
Solanto MV, Gilbert SN, Raj A, Zhu J, Pope-Boyd S, Stepak B, Newcorn JH: Neurocognitive functioning in AD/HD, predominantly inattentive and combined subtypes. J Abnorm Child Psychol 2008,36(1):729–744. doi:10.1007/s10802–007–9170-z
Pfiffner LJ, Mikami AY, Huang-Pollock C, Easterlin B, Zalecki C, McBurnett K: A randomized, controlled trial of integrated home-school behavioral treatment for ADHD, predominantly inattentive type. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatr 2007,46(8):1041–1050. doi:10.1097/chi.0b013e318064675f
Skirbekk B, Hansen BH, Oerbeck B, Kristensen H: The relationship between sluggish cognitive tempo, subtypes of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and anxiety disorders. J Abnorm Child Psychol 2011,39(4):513–525. doi:10.1007/s10802–011–9488–4
Hinshaw SP: Preadolescent girls with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: I. background characteristics, comorbidity, cognitive and social functioning, and parenting practices. J Consult Clin Psychol 2002,70(5):1086–1098. doi:10.1037/0022–006X.70.5.1086
Achenbach TM: Integrative guide for the 1991 CBCL/4–18, YSR & TRF Profiles. Burlington, VT: University of Vermont Department of Psychiatry; 1991.
Jacobson LA, Murphy-Bowman S, Pritchard AE, Tart-Zelvin A, Zabel TA, Mahone EM: Factor structure of a sluggish cognitive tempo scale in clinically-referred children. J Abnorm Child Psychol 2012,40(8):1327–1337. doi:10.1007/s10802–012–9643–6
Becker SP, Langberg JM: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and sluggish cognitive tempo dimensions in relation to executive functioning in adolescents with ADHD. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2013,45(1):1–11. doi:10.1007/s10578–013–0372-z
Desman C, Petermann F, Hampel P: Deficit in response inhibition in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): Impact of motivation? Child Neuropsychol 2008,14(6):483–503. doi:10.1080/09297040701625831
Faraone SV, Perlis RH, Doyle AE, Smoller JW, Goralnick JJ, Holmgren MA, Sklar P: Molecular genetics of attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity disorder. Biol Psychiatry 2005,57(11):1313–1323. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.11.024
Conners CK: The Conners’ Continuous Performance Test. Toronto: Multi-Health Systems; 1994.
Huang-Pollock C, Nigg JT, Carr TH: Deficient attention is hard to find: Applying the perceptual load model of selective attention to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder subtypes. J Child Psychol Psychiatr 2005,46(11):1211–1218. doi:10.1111/j.1469–7610.2005.00410.x
Tucha O, Walitza S, Mecklinger L, Sontag TA, Kübber S, Linder M, Lange KW: Attentional functioning in children with ADHD-predominantly hyperactive-impulsive type and children with ADHD-combined type. J Neural Transm 2006, 113: 1943–1953. doi:10.1007/s00702–006–0496–4
Tucha L, Tucha O, Laufkötter R, Walitza S, Klein HE, Lange KW: Neuropsychological assessment of attention in adults with different subtypes of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. J Neural Transm 2008, 115: 269–278. doi:10.1007/s00702–007–0836-z
Lahey BB, Neeper R, Frick PJ: Manual for the Comprehensive Behavior Rating Scale for Children (CBRSC). San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation; 1990.
Anderson P: Assessment and development of executive function (EF) during childhood. Child Neuropsychol 2002,8(2):71–82. doi:10.1076/chin.8.2.71.8724
Barkley RA, Fischer M: Predicting impairment in major life activities and occupational functioning in hyperactive children as adults: Self-reported executive function (EF) deficits versus EF tests. Dev Neuropsychol 2011,36(2):137–161. doi:10.1080/87565641.2010.549877
Brooks N, Campsie L, Symington C, Beattie A: The effects of severe head injury on patient and relative within seven years of injury. J Head Trauma Rehabil 1987,2(3):1–13. doi:10.1097/00001199–198709000–00003
van Zomeren AH, van den Burg W: Residual complaints of patients two years after severe head injury. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1985,48(1):21–28. doi:10.1136/jnnp.48.1.21
Schaughency EA, Vannatta K, Langhinrichsen J, Lally CM, Seeley J: Correlates of sociometric status in school children in buenos aires. J Abnorm Child Psychol 1992,20(3):317–326. doi:10.1007/BF00916695
McConaughy SH, Ivanova MY, Antshel K, Eiraldi RB, Dumenci L: Standardized observational assessment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder combined and predominantly inattentive subtypes: II. Classroom observations. Sch Psychol Rev 2009,38(3):362–381. doi:10.1080/15374416.2010.501287
Marshall SA, Evans SW, Eiraldi RB, Becker SP, Power TJ: Social and Academic Impairment in Youth with ADHD, Predominately Inattentive Type and Sluggish Cognitive Tempo. Germany: Springer; 2013. doi:10.1007/s10802–013–9758–4
American Psychiatric Association: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - Text Revision. Washington DC: The American Psychiatric Association; 2000.
Gaub M, Carlson CL: Gender differences in ADHD: A meta-analysis and critical review. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatr 1997,36(8):1036–1045.
Greene RW, Biederman J, Faraone SV, Sienna M, Garcia-Jetton J: Adolescent outcome of boys with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and social disability: Results from a 4-year longitudinal follow-up study. J Consult Clin Psychol 1997,65(5):758–767. doi:10.1037/0022–006X.65.5.758
Greene RW, Biederman J, Faraone SV, Monuteaux MC, Mick E, DuPre EP, Goring JG: Social impairment in girls with ADHD: Patterns, gender comparisons, and correlates. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatr 2001,40(6):704–710. doi:10.1097/00004583–200106000–00016
Nijmeijer JS, Minderaa RB, Buitelaar JK, Mulligan A, Hartman CA, Hoekstra PJ: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and social dysfunctioning. Clin Psychol Rev 2008,28(4):692–708. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2007.10.003
Bagwell CL, Molina BSG, Pelham WE, Hoza B: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and problems in peer relations: Predictions from childhood to adolescence. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatr 2001,40(11):1285–1292. doi:10.1097/00004583–200111000–00008
Barkley RA, Koplowitz S, Anderson T, McMurray MB: Sense of time in children: with ADHD Effects of duration, distraction, and stimulant medication. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 1997, 3: 359–369.
Reed CL, McGoldrick JE: Action during body perception: Processing time affects self-other correspondences. Soc Neurosci 2007,2(2):134–149. doi:10.1080/17470910701376811
Trevarthen C, Aitken KJ: Infant intersubjectivity: Research, theory, and clinical applications. J Child Psychol Psychiatr 2001,42(1):3–48. doi:10.1111/1469–7610.00701
Antshel KM, Remer R: Social skills training in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A randomized-controlled clinical trial. J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol 2003,32(1):153–165. doi:10.1207/15374420360533149
Ludwig HT, Matte B, Katz B, Rohde LA: Do sluggish cognitive tempo symptoms predict response to methylphenidate in patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder–inattentive type? J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 2009,19(4):461–465. doi:10.1089/cap.2008.0115
Noreika V, Falter CM, Rubia K: Timing deficits in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (adhd): Evidence from neurocognitive and neuroimaging studies. Neuropsychologia 2012,51(2):235–266. doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2012.09.036
Buhusi CV, Meck WH: What makes us tick? Functional and neural mechanisms of interval timing. Nat Rev Neurosci 2005,6(10):755–765. doi:10.1038/nrn1764
Toplak ME, Dockstader C, Tannock R: Temporal information processing in ADHD: findings to date and new methods. J Neurosci Methods 2006, 151: 15–29. doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2005.09.018
Toplak ME, Rucklidge JJ, Hetherington R, John SCF, Tannock R: Time perception deficits in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and comorbid reading difficulties in child and adolescent samples. J Child Psychol Psychiatr 2003,44(6):888–903. doi:10.1111/1469–7610.00173
Simon V, Czobor P, Bálint S, Mészáros A, Bitter I: Prevalence and correlates of adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: Meta-analysis. Br J Psychiatry 2009,194(3):204–221. doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.107.048827
Puig-Antich J, Chambers W: The Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-aged Children. New York: New York State Psychiatric Institute; 1987.
Conners CK: Rating scales for use in drug studies with children. Psychopharmacol Bull 1973, 41: 24–84. [Special Issue on Children]
Quay HC, Peterson DR: Interim Manual for the Revised Behavior Problem Checklist. Coral Gables. Florida: University of Miami; 1983.
Coie JD, Dodge KA, Coppotelli H: ‘Dimensions and types of social status: A cross-age perspective’: Correction. Dev Psychol 1983,19(2):341–362. doi:10.1037/0012–1649.19.2.224
Burns GL, Walsh JA, Owen SM, Snell J: Internal validity of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, and overt conduct disorder symptoms in young children: Implications from teacher ratings for a dimensional approach to symptom validity. J Clin Child Psychol 1997,26(3):266–275. doi:10.1207/s15374424jccp2603_5
Achenbach TM: The direct observation form of the child behavior checklist (revised). Burlington: University of Vermont; 1986.
Swanson JM: School-based assessments and interventions for ADD students. Irvine, CA: KC Publishing; 1992.
Dishion T: Peer context of troublesome child and adolescent behavior. In Understanding troubled and troublesome youth. Edited by: Leone PE. Newbury Park, CA: Sage; 1990:128–153.
Weiler MD, Bernstein JH, Bellinger D, Waber DP: Information processing deficits in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, inattentive type, and children with reading disability. J Learn Disabil 2002,35(5):448–461. doi:10.1177/00222194020350050501
Kaufman A, Kaufman N: Kaufman brief intelligence test. Circle Pines, MN: American Guidance Service; 1990.
Waber DP, Weiler MD, Bellinger DC, Marcus DJ, Forbes PW, Wypij D, Wolff PH: Diminished motor timing control in children referred for diagnosis of learning problems. Dev Neuropsychol 2000,17(2):181–197. doi:10.1207/S15326942DN1702_03
Barkley RA, Murphy KR: Attention-deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Clinical Workbook. 2nd edition. New York, NY USA: Guilford Press; 1998.
Reich W, Welner Z: Revised version of the Diagnostic Interview for children and adolescents (DICA-R). St. Louis, MO: Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry; 1988.
Wechsler D: Examiner’s manual: Wechsler Intelligence Scale for children—revised. New York: The Psychological Corporation; 1974.
Wechsler D: Manual for the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale—Revised. San Antonio: The Psychological Corporation; 1981.
Dunn LM, Markwardt FC: Examiner’s manual: Peabody Individual Achievement Test. Circle Pines, MN: American Guidance Service; 1970.
Bauermeister JJ: Desarrollo y utilizacio’n del Inventario de Comportamiento-Escuela (IDC-E) en la evaluacion de ninõs puertorriquenõs. San Juan, PR: Atención, Inc.; 1994.
Shaffer D, Fisher P, Lucas CP, Dulcan MK, Schwab-Stone M: NIMH diagnostic interview schedule for children version IV (NIMH DISC-IV): Description, differences from previous versions, and reliability of some common diagnoses. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatr 2000,39(1):28–38. doi:10.1097/00004583–200001000–00014
Bird HR, Canino GJ, Rubio-Stipec M, Ribera JC: Further measures of the psychometric properties of the children's global assessment scale. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1987,44(9):821–824. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1987.01800210069011
Gresham F, Elliott S: Social skills rating system. Circle Pines: American Guidance Service; 1990.
Herrans LL, Rodríguez JM: Manual EIWN-R de Puerto Rico [WISC-R Puerto Rico manual]. San Antonio: The Psychological Corporation; 1992.
Hammill DD, Larsen SC, Wiederholt JL, Fountain- Chambers JF: Prueba de Lectura y Lenguaje Escrito. Austin, TX: PROED; 1982.
Koppitz EM: Bender gestalt test: Visual aural digit span test and reading achievement. J Learn Disabil 1975,8(3):154–157. doi:10.1177/002221947500800308
Conners CK: Conners’ Continuous Performance Test computer program: User’s manual. Toronto, Ontario, Canada: Multi-Health Systems; 1995.
Ambulatory Monitoring Inc: Mini Motion Logger Actigraph User’s Guide for Act: Operational Software. New York: ; 1995.
Bernal G, Bonilla J, Santiago E: Psychometric properties of the BDI and SCL-36 in a Puerto Rican sample. Am J Psychol 1995, 27: 207–230.
Goodman SH, Hoven CW, Narrow WE, Cohen P, Fielding B, Alegria M, Dulcan MK: Measurement of risk for mental disorders and competence in a psychiatric epidemiologic community survey: The national institute of mental health methods for the epidemiology of child and adolescent mental disorders (MECA) study. Soc Psychiatry 1998,33(4):162–173. doi:10.1007/s001270050039
Bauermeister JJ, Matos M, Reina G: Do ADHD and ADD have similar impacts on family life? ADHD Rep 1999, 7: 8–9.
Salas-Serrano CC Dissertation Abstracts International. In La crianza de los niños y las niñas con el trastorno por de’ficit de atencio’n e hiperactividad y su entorno familiar y social [The parenting of children with ADHD and their social and family environment]. Doctoral dissertation, Volume 64. Rio Piedras: University of Puerto Rico; 2001:1505.
Reynolds C, Kamphaus R: Behavior Assessment System for Children: Manual. MN: American Guidance Service, Inc.; 1992.
DuPaul GJ, Power TJ, Anastopoulos AD, Reid R: ADHD rating Scale—IV: Checklists, norms, and clinical interpretation. New York, NY USA: Guilford Press; 1998.
Conners K: Conners’ Rating Scales–Revised Technical Manual. New York: Multi Health Systems; 1997.
Maylor EA, Lavie N: The influence of perceptual load on age differences in selective attention. Psychol Aging 1998,13(4):563–573. doi:10.1037/0882–7974.13.4.563
Huang-Pollock CL, Carr TH, Nigg JT: Perceptual load influences late versus early selection in child and adult selective attention. Dev Psychol 2002, 38: 363–375.
Wechsler D: Wechsler intelligence scale for children-third edition; WISC-III. Manual. Norwegian Manual Supplement 2003 (Pearson Assessment). San Antonio: The Psychological Corporation; 1991.
Taylor LB: Localization of cerebral lesions by psychological testing. Clin Neurosurg 1969, 16: 269–287.
Rourke BP, Gates RD: The Underlining Test (preliminary norms). Windsor, Ontario, Canada: Department of Psychology, University of Windsor; 1980.
Rourke BP, Orr R: Prediction of the reading and spelling performances of normal and retarded readers: A four-year follow-up. J Abnorm Child Psychol 1977, 5: 9–20.
Wechsler D: Manual for the Wechsler intelligence scale for children- fourth edition (WISC-IV). NewYork: Psychological Corporation/Harcourt Brace; 2003.
Wechsler D: Wechsler abbreviated scale of intelligence; WASI. Manual. Norwegian Manual Supplement 2007 (Pearson Assessment). San Antonio: The Psychological Corporation; 1999.
Wechsler D: Wechsler individual achievement test- Second Edition (WIAT-II). New York: Psychological Corporation/Harcourt Brace; 2001.
McBurnett K, Pfiffner LJ: Sluggish Cognitive Tempo (SCT Scale). San Francisco: University of California; 2005.
Gadow KD, Sprafkin J: Child Symptom Inventories Manual. Stony Brook, NY: Checkmate Plus; 1994.
Abikoff H, Gallagher R: Children’s Organizational Skills Scale. New York: Multi-Health Systems; 2003.
Pfiffner LJ, Mikami A: Child Life Skills Scale. UCSF; 2005. Available at [email protected]
NIMH: Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI). Psychopharmacol Bull 1985, 21: 839–843.
Wechsler D: Weschsler Adult Intelligence Scale-III. San Antonio, TX: The Psychological Corporation; 1997.
The Psychological Corporation: The Wechsler individual achievement test. New York: Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich; 1992.
Swanson JM, Sandman CA, Deutsch C, Baren M: Methylphenidate (Ritalin) given with or before breakfast, Part I: behavioral, cognitive, and electrophysiological effects. Pediatrics 1983, 72: 49–55.
Sonuga-Barke E, Taylor E, Sembi S, Smith J: Hyperactivity and delay aversion: I. the effect of delay on choice. J Child Psychol Psychiatr 1992,33(2):387–398. doi:10.1111/j.1469–7610.1992.tb00874.x
Buschke H, Fuld PA: Evaluating storage, retention, and retrieval in disordered memory and learning. Neurology 1974,24(11):1019–1025.
Sheslow D, Adams W: Wide range assessment of memory and learning. Wilmington, DE: Jastak; 1990.
Sternberg S: The discovery of processing stages: Extensions of donders’ method. Acta Psychol Amsterdam 1969, 30: 276–315. doi:10.1016/0001–6918(69)90055–9
Golden CJ: Stroop Color and Word Test: A Manual for Clinical and Experimental Use. Chicago: Stoelting; 1978.
Posner MI, Petersen SE: The attention system of the human brain. Annu Rev Neurosci 1990, 13: 25–42. doi:10.1146/annurev.ne.13.030190.000325
Culbertson WC, Zillmer EA: The tower of London [sub] DX [/sub]: a standardized approach to assessing executive functioning in children. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 1998,13(3):285–301. doi:10.1016/S0887–6177(97)00033–4
Berg EA: A simple objective technique for measuring flexibility in thinking. J Gen Psychol 1948, 39: 15–22. doi:10.1080/00221309.1948.9918159
Klasen H, Woerner W, Wolke D, Meyer R, Overmeyer S, Kaschnitz W, Goodman R: Comparing the german versions of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ-deu) and the child behavior checklist. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2000,9(4):271–276. doi:10.1007/s007870070030
Zimmermann P, Fimm B Handbook – Part 1. In Test Battery for Attentional Performance (TAP). Würselen: Psytest; 1993. German
Zimmermann P, Fimm B Handbook –Part 2. In Test Battery for Attentional Performance (TAP). Würselen: Psytest; 1994. German
Polanczyk GV, Eizirik M, Aranovich V, Denardin D, da Silva TL, da Conceição TV, Rohde LA: Concordância entre observadores da entrevista semi-estruturada para diagnóstico em psiquiatria da infância, versão epidemiológica (K-SADS-E). Rev Bras Psiquiatr 2003,25(2):87–90. doi:10.1590/S1516–44462003000200007
Rohde LA, Szobot C, Polanczyk G, Schmitz M, Martins S, Tramontina S: Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity disorder in a diverse culture: Do research and clinical findings support the notion of a cultural construct for the disorder? Biol Psychiatry 2005,57(11):1436–1441. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.01.042
Swanson JM, Kraemer HC, Hinshaw SP, Arnold LE, Conners CK, Abikoff HB, Wu M: Clinical relevance of the primary findings of the MTA: Success rates based on severity of ADHD and ODD symptoms at the end of treatment. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatr 2001,40(2):168–179. doi:10.1097/00004583–200102000–00011
Pelham WE, Gnagy EM, Greenslade KE, Milich R: Teacher ratings of DSM-III—R symptoms for the disruptive behavior disorders. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatr 1992,31(2):210–218.
Jellinek MS: Pediatric symptom checklist: screening school-age children for psychosocial dysfunction. J Pediatr 1988, 112: 201–209.
Berlin L, Bohlin G: Response inhibition, hyperactivity, and conduct problems among preschool children. J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol 2002,31(2):242–251. doi:10.1207/153744202753604511
Gerstadt CL, Hong YJ, Diamond A: The relationship between cognition and action: Performance of children 31/2–7 years old on a Stroop-like day-night test. Cognition 1994, 53: 129–153.
McInerney RJ, Hrabok M, Kerns KA: The children's size-ordering task: a new measure of nonverbal working memory. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2005,27(6):735–745. doi:10.1081/13803390490918633
Nigg JT: What causes ADHD? Understanding what goes wrong and why. New York, NY USA: Guilford Press; 2006.
van der Meere J, Sergeant J: Controlled processing and vigilance in hyperactivity: time will tell. J Abnorm Child Psychol 1988,16(6):641–655. doi:10.1007/BF00913475
Wilding J: Is attention impaired in ADHD? Br J Dev Psychol 2005,23(4):487–505. doi:10.1348/026151005X48972
Malmberg M, Rydell A, Smedje H: Validity of the swedish version of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ-swe). Nord J Psychiatry 2003,57(5):357–363. doi:10.1080/08039480310002697
Shaffer D, Gould MS, Brasic J, Ambrosini PJ, Fischer P, Bird H, Aluwahlia S: A children’s global assessment scale (CGAS). Arch Gen Psychiatry 1983,40(11):1228–1231.
Barkley RA, Murphy KR: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a clinical workbook. New York: Guilford; 1998.
Rueda MR, Fan J, McCandliss BD, Halparin JD, Gruber DB, Lercari LP, Posner MI: Development of attentional networks in childhood. Neuropsychologia 2004,42(8):1029–1040. doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2003.12.012
Barkley RA: The Barkley Adult ADHD Rating Scale–IV. New York, NY: Guilford Press; 2011.
Barkley RA: The Barkley Functional Impairment Scale. New York, NY: Guilford Press; 2011.
Barkley RA: The Barkley Deficits in Executive Functioning Scale. New York, NY: Guilford Press; 2011.
Kaufman AS, Kaufman NL: K-ABC interpretive manual. Circle Pines: American Guidance Service; 1983.
Barkley RA, Edwards G, Laneri M, Fletcher K, Metevia L: Executive functioning, temporal discounting, and sense of time in adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). J Abnorm Child Psychol 2001,29(6):541–556. doi:10.1023/A:1012233310098
Barkley RA, Du Paul GJ, McMurray MB: Attention deficit disorder with and without hyperactivity: Clinical response to three dose levels of methylphenidate. Pediatrics 1991, 87: 519–531.
Newby R: The wisconsin selective reminding test. Milwaukee, WI: Author; 1989.
Denckla MB, Rudel R: Rapid ‘automatized’ naming of pictured objects, colors, letters and numbers by normal children. Cortex 1974,10(2):186–202.
Woodcock RW: Batería woodcock psicoeducativa en Español [woodcock Spanish psycho-educational battery]. Allen: DLM Teaching Resources; 1982.
Waldman ID, Rowe DC, Abramowitz A, Kozel ST, Mohr JH, Sherman SL, Cleveland HH, Sanders ML, Gard JMC, Stever C: Association and linkage of the dopamine transporter gene and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in children. Am J Hum Genet 1998, 63: 1767–1776.
Wolraich ML, Feurer ID, Hannah JN, Baumgaertel A, Pinnock TY: Obtaining systematic teacher reports of disruptive behavior disorders utilizing DSM-IV. J Abnorm Child Psychol 1998,26(2):141–152. doi:10.1023/A:1022673906401
Fabiano GA, Pelham WE, Waschbusch DA, Gnagy EM, Lahey BB, Chronis AM, Burrows-Maclean L: A practical measure of impairment: psychometric properties of the impairment rating scale in samples of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and two school-based samples. J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol 2006,35(3):369–385. doi:10.1207/s15374424jccp3503_3
Achenbach TM, Rescorla LA: Manual for the ASEBA School-age Forms and Profiles. Burlington: University of Vermont; 2001. Achenbach, T. M. (1991a). Manual for the child behavior checklist/4- 18, and 1991 profile. Burlington: University of Vermont Department of Psychiatry
Derogatis LR: The hopkins symptom checklist (HSCL): a self-report symptom inventory. Behav Sci 1974,19(1):1–15. doi:10.1002/bs.3830190102
Gioia GA, Isquith PK, Guy SC, Kenworthy L: Test review: behavior rating inventory of executive function. Child Neuropsychol 2000, 6: 235–238.
Jones KL, Robinson LK, Bakhireva LN, Marintcheva G, Storojev V, Strahova A, Sergeevskaya S, Budantseva S, Mattson SN, Riley EP, Chambers CD: Accuracy of the diagnosis of physical features of fetal alcohol syndrome by pediatricians after specialized training. Pediatrics 2006, 118: e1734-e1738.
Mattson SN, Foroud T, Sowell ER, Jones KL, Coles CD, Fagerlund A, Autti-Rämö I, May PA, Adnams CM, Konovalova V, Wetherill L, Arenson AD, Barnett WK, Riley EP: The CIFASD: Collaborative Initiative on Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: methodology of clinical projects. Alcohol 2010, 44: 635–641.
Anesko KM, Schoiock G, Ramirez R, Levine FM: The homework problem checklist: assessing children’s homework difficulties. Behav Assess 1987,9(2):179–185.
Burns GL, Lee S: Child and Adolescent Disruptive Behavior Inventory–Teacher Version 5.0. Pullman, WA: Author; 2010.
Achenbach TM, Becker A, Döpfner M, Heiervang E, Roessner V, Steinhausen H, Rothenberger A: Multicultural assessment of child and adolescent psychopathology with ASEBA and SDQ instruments: Research findings, applications, and future directions. J Child Psychol Psychiatr 2008,49(3):251–275. doi:10.1111/j.1469–7610.2007.01867.x