Các quá trình hình thành di tích của không gian ngoài trời trong môi trường nhiệt đới: Nghiên cứu điển hình vi địa chất từ sân sau Lo Gach, miền Nam Việt Nam

Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences - Tập 14 - Trang 1-30 - 2022
Elle Grono1,2, David E. Friesem2,3, Rachel Wood1,4,5, Tim Denham1, Nguyen Khanh Trung Kien6, Dang Ngoc Kinh6, Philip J. Piper1
1School of Archaeology and Anthropology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
2Department of Maritime Civilizations, School of Archaeology and Maritime Cultures, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
3Haifa Center for Mediterranean History, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
4Research School of Earth Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
5School of Archaeology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
6Centre for Archaeology, Southern Institute of Social Sciences, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

Tóm tắt

Trong các vùng nhiệt đới, khu vực ngoài trời là những đấu trường quan trọng của đời sống xã hội và là nơi diễn ra các hoạt động kinh tế và sinh hoạt hàng ngày. Tuy nhiên, những khu vực ngoài trời thường không được phát hiện do các quá trình phá hủy sau khi lắng đọng và tính khả kiến khảo cổ học thấp. Tại đây, chúng tôi sử dụng vi khảo cổ học để xác định lịch sử định cư và việc sử dụng không gian ngoài trời tại Lo Gach ở tỉnh Long An, miền Nam Việt Nam. Niên đại carbon phóng xạ xác định hai giai đoạn định cư: sự hiện diện ban đầu tại 3300–3000 năm trước Công Nguyên và hoạt động sau đó tại 2750–2400 năm trước Công Nguyên. Phân tích vi khảo cổ học về lớp trầm tích cho thấy các chuỗi phức tạp của chất thải hữu cơ bị biến đổi nghiêm trọng bởi quá trình hóa học. Kết quả cho thấy khu vực khai thác tại Lo Gach là một 'sân sau' ngoài trời có các bề mặt bên ngoài được sử dụng cho nhiều hoạt động khác nhau bao gồm chế biến gạo, xử lý chất thải từ quá trình đốt cháy, đốt tại chỗ và hoạt động đi lại thường xuyên. Nông nghiệp gạo tăng cường và việc quản lý hệ thống chất thải hữu cơ là nhịp điệu cấu trúc chính của đời sống xã hội diễn ra tại khu định cư Lo Gach.

Từ khóa

#vi khảo cổ học #quá trình hình thành di tích #không gian ngoài trời #nông nghiệp gạo #Long An

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