Simulation of spatial learning in the Morris water maze by a neural network model of the hippocampal formation and nucleus accumbens

Hippocampus - Tập 5 Số 3 - Trang 171-188 - 1995
Michael A. Brown1, Patricia E. Sharp2
1Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
2Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut

Tóm tắt

AbstractCells in the hippocampal formation show spatial firing correlates thought to be critical to the role played by this structure in spatial learning. Place cells in the hippocampus proper show location‐specific activity, whereas cells in the postsubiculum fire as a function of momentary directional heading.One question which has received little attention is how these spatial signals are used by motor structures to actually guide spatial behavior.Here we present a model of how one kind of spatial behavior, instrumental learning in the Morris water maze, could be guided by the spatial information in the hippocampal formation. For this, we concentrate on the hippocampal projection to the nucleus accumbens, which is strongly implicated in instrumental learning.In the model, simulated firing patterns of place cells and head direction cells activate “motor” cells in the “accumbens.” Each motor cell causes a particular locomotor movement in a simulated rat. In this way, the “rat” locomotes through the simulated environment. Each step places the animal in a slightly different location and directional orientation, which, in turn, activates a different set of place and head direction cells, thus causing the next locomotor response, and so on. Connection strengths between cells are initially set randomly. When the animal encounters the reward location, however, connections are altered, so that recently active synapses are strengtheened. Thus, successful moves in a particular locational and directional context are “stamped in.”Simulated rats show rapid learning, similar in many ways to that of actual rats. In particular, they generate efficient routes to the goal after minimal experience, and can do so from somewhat novel starting positions.Consideration of the model architecture shows that (1) combined use of directional and place information is an example of a linearly inseparable problem and that (2) some types of novel route generation, often thought to require a “cognitive mapping” strategy, can be generated from the S‐R type model used here. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

10.1002/hipo.450010410

10.1007/BF00235025

10.1016/0166-4328(89)90005-3

Barnes CA, 1990, Progress in brain research, 287

10.1007/BF00335152

10.1016/0006-8993(80)90463-1

BurgessN RecceM O'KeefeJ(1994)A model of hippocampal function. Neural Networks: Special Issue on Neurodynamics and Behavior pp1–26.

10.1523/JNEUROSCI.12-11-04224.1992

Chapuis N, 1986, Cognitive processes and spatial orientation in man, 97

Chew GL, 1989, Latent learning does not produce instantaneous transfer of place navigation: a rejoinder to Keith & McVety, Psychobiology, 17, 207, 10.3758/BF03337838

10.1007/BF02244302

10.1016/0006-8993(75)90692-7

10.1523/JNEUROSCI.10-11-03531.1990

10.1111/j.1749-6632.1988.tb42093.x

Fibiger HC, 1988, The mesocorticolimbic system, 206

10.1016/0006-8993(80)90431-X

10.1016/0006-8993(81)91203-8

10.1016/0165-0173(82)90007-8

10.1126/science.2740902

10.1007/BF00236028

Gallistel CR, 1990, The organization of learning

10.1002/cne.902230303

10.1016/0306-4522(87)90275-2

Heimer L, 1975, Golgi Centennial Symposium, 177

10.1016/0166-2236(82)90037-6

10.1016/0014-4886(81)90159-X

10.1002/cne.901470202

Hull CL, 1943, Principles of behavior: an introduction to behavior theory

Hull CL, 1952, A behavior system: an introduction to behavior theory concerning the individual organism

Keith JR, 1988, Latent learning in a novel environment and the influences of prior training in rats, Psychobiology, 16, 146, 10.3758/BF03333116

10.1016/0306-4522(82)90198-1

10.1016/0031-9384(81)90209-2

Lavoie AM, 1992, Spatial, movement‐and reward‐sensitive discharge by medial nucleus accumbens, Soc Neurosci Abstr, 18, 707

Lindvall O, 1979, The neurobiology of dopamine, 109

10.1007/BF00237271

McNaughton BL, 1989, Neural connections and mental computations, 285

Minsky M, 1969, Perceptrons

10.1016/0361-9230(83)90166-1

10.1016/S0163-1047(84)90412-6

10.1016/0023-9690(81)90020-5

10.1046/j.1460-9568.2002.02100.x

10.1523/JNEUROSCI.07-07-01935.1987

10.1016/0306-4522(78)90041-6

10.1016/0014-4886(76)90055-8

O'Keefe J, 1991, Brain and space, 273, 10.1093/oso/9780198542841.003.0016

10.1016/0006-8993(71)90358-1

O'Keefe J, 1978, The hippocampus as a cognitive map

10.1016/0014-4886(75)90230-7

10.1016/0006-8993(78)90930-7

10.1523/JNEUROSCI.11-09-02838.1991

Ranck JB, 1984, Head‐direction cells in the deep layers of dorsal presubiculum in freely moving rats, Soc Neurosci Abstr, 10, 599

10.1093/brain/89.1.83

Rumelhart DE, 1986, Parallel distributed processing: explorations in the microstructure of cognition, 151, 10.7551/mitpress/5236.001.0001

10.3758/BF03327179

Sharp PE, 1993, Spatial correlates of firing patterns of single cells in the subiculum of the freely moving rat, J Neurosci, 14, 2339, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.14-04-02339.1994

Sharp PE, 1990, Spatial correlates of single cell activity in the subiculum, Soc Neurosci Abstr, 16

Sharp PE, 1995, Influences of vestibular and visual motion information on the spatial firing patterns of hippocampal place cells, J Neurosci, 15, 173, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.15-01-00173.1995

10.1037/10029-000

Stellar JR, 1990, Progress in psychobiology and physiological psychology, 47

10.1016/S0163-1047(82)90101-7

10.1016/0166-4328(83)90188-2

Sutherland RJ, 1987, Some limitations on the use of distal cues in place navigation in rats, Psychobiology, 15, 48, 10.3758/BF03327263

10.1002/cne.901720104

10.1002/cne.901810402

10.1523/JNEUROSCI.10-02-00420.1990

10.1016/0163-1047(92)90629-I

Thorndike EL, 1898, Animal intelligence: an experimental study of the associative processes in animals, Psychol Rev Monogr, 2

Thorndike EL, 1911, Animal intelligence

Tolman EC, 1932, Purposive behavior in animals and men

Traves A, 1992, Rats, nets, maps, and the emergence of place cells, Psychobiology, 20, 1, 10.3758/BF03327152

10.1016/0091-3057(87)90532-6

10.1016/0163-1047(91)90633-2

10.1016/0091-3057(91)90250-6

10.1016/0006-8993(84)90623-1

10.1037/0735-7044.99.5.1006

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

Hippocampus

Tập 5 Số 3

171-188

Thông tin tác giả