Seed systems smallholder farmers use

Almekinders, C. J. M., & Hardon, J. (2000). Towards integrated seed supply. In C. J. M. Almekinders & W. S. de Boef (Eds.), Encouraging diversity: The conservation and development of plant genetic resources (pp. 249–252). London: Intermediate Technology Publications.

Audi, P., Nagarajan, L., Jones, R., & Ibrahim, M. S. (2010). Pigeonpea seed supply and diversity: A case study of local seed markets in makueni district, eastern Kenya. In L. Lipper, C. L. Anderson, & T. J. Dalton (Eds.), Seed trade in rural markets: Implications for crop diversity and agricultural development (pp. 95–123). London: Earthscan.

Aw-Hassan, A., Mazid, A., & Salahieh, H. (2008). The role of informal farmer-to-farmer seed distribution in diffusion of new barley varieties in Syria. Experimental Agriculture, 44, 413–431.

Badstue, L. B. (2006). Smallholder seed practices: Maize seed management in the central valleys of Oaxaca, Mexico. Wageningen: (PhD), Wageningen University.

Bezner Kerr, R. (2013). Seed struggles and food sovereignty in northern Malawi. The Journal of Peasant Studies, 40(5), 867–897.

Bonny, S. (2014). Taking stock of the genetically modified seed sector worldwide: market, stakeholders, and prices. Food Security, 6(4), 525–540.

Bouis, H. E., & Welch, R. M. (2010). Biofortification - a sustainable agricultural strategy for reducing micronutrient malnutrition in the global south. Crop Science, 50(S1), S20–S32.

Byrne, K. G., March, J., McGuire, S., Meissner, L., & Sperling, L. (2013). The role of evidence in humanitarian assessment: the seed system security assessment and the emergency market mapping and analysis. Disasters, 37, S83–S104.

Cavatassi, R., Lipper, L., & Narloch, U. (2011). Modern variety adoption and risk management in drought prone areas: insights from the sorghum farmers of eastern Ethiopia. Agricultural Economics, 42(3), 279–292.

Chisinga, B. (2011). Seeds and subsidies: the poliutical economy of input programmes in Malawi. IDS Bulletin, 42, 59–68.

Christinck, A. (2002). This seed is like ourselves: A case study from rajasthan, india, on the social aspects of biodiversity and farmers’ management of pearl millet seed. Weikersheim: Margraf Verlag.

CIAT. (1991). Comparisons of seed quality, from bean seed obtained from range of formal and informal sources annual report bean program, 1991 (pp. 310–312). Cali: CIAT.

David, S. (2004). Farmer seed enterprises: a sustainable approach to seed delivery? Agriculture and Human Values, 21(4), 387–397.

David, S., & Sperling, L. (1999). Improving technology delivery mechanisms: lessons from bean seed systems research in eastern and central Africa. Agriculture and Human Values, 16(4), 381–388.

De Waal, A. (1991). Emergency food security in western Sudan: What is it for? In S. Maxwell (Ed.), To cure all hunger: Food policy and food security in Sudan (pp. 68–84). London: Intermediate Technology.

Farrow, A., Risinamhodzi, K., Zingore, S., & Delve, R. J. (2011). Spatially targeting the distribution of agricultural input stockists in Malawi. Agricultural Systems, 104(9), 694–702.

Farrow, A., Seward, P., & Ssengooba, P. (2010). Final report and lessons learned from the project: ‘Nodes of growth: Improving legume seed networks in Kenya. Kampala: CIAT.

Fuglie, K., Adiyoga, W., Asmunati, R., Mahalaya, S., & Suherman, R. (2006). Farm demand for quality potato seed in Indonesia. Agricultural Economics, 35(3), 257–266.

Giller, K. E. (2001). Nitrogen fixation in tropical cropping systems. Wallingford: CABI.

GTZ, & CGN. (2000). Support for the informal seed sector in development cooperation: Conceptual issues (pp. 30): GTZ.

Guei, R. G., Barra, A., & Drissa, S. (2011). Promoting smallholder seed enterprises: quality seed production of rice, maize, sorghum and millet in northern Cameroon. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, 9(1), 91–99.

Hanke, S. H., & Kwok, A. K. F. (2009). On the measurement of Zimbabwe’s hyperinflation. Cato Journal, 29(2), 353–364.

Hoegenmeyer, T. (n.d.). History of the us hybrid corn seed industry, from http://imbgl.cropsci.illinois.edu/school/2014/11_THOMAS_HOEGEMEYER.pdf

Jensen, H. R., Belqadi, L., de Santis, P., Sadiki, M., Jarvis, D. I., & Schoen, D. J. (2013). A case study of seed exchange networks and gene flow for barley (Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare) in Morocco. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 60, 1119–1138.

Jones, M., & Walsh, S. (2014). Seed storage brief #3: Economics and promotion: Insights for program design. Nairobi: Catholic Relief Services.

Jones, R. B., Audi, P. A., & Tripp, R. (2001). The role of informal seed systems in disseminating modern varieties. The example of pigeonpea from a semi-arid area of Kenya. Experimental Agriculture, 37(4), 539–548.

Labeyrie, V., Rono, B., & Leclerc, C. (2014). How social organization shapes crop diversity: an ecological anthropology approach among tharaka farmers of mount Kenya. Agriculture and Human Values, 31, 97–107.

Langyintuo, A., Mwangi, W., Diallo, A. O., MacRobert, J., Dixon, J., & Bänzinger, M. (2010). Challenges of the maize seed industry in eastern and southern Africa: a compelling case for private-public intervention to promote growth. Food Policy, 35(4), 323–331.

Levy, P. S., & Lemeshow, S. (2008). Sampling of populations: Methods and applications. Hoboken: Wiley.

Lipper, L., Anderson, L., & Dalton, T. J. (Eds.). (2010). Seed trade in rural markets: Implications for crop diversity and agricultural development. London: Earthscan.

Louwaars, N., & de Boef, W. (2012). Integrated seed sector development in Africa: a conceptual framework for creating coherence between practices, programs, and policies. Journal of Crop Improvement, 26, 39–59.

Louwaars, N. P., de Boef, W. S., & Edeme, J. (2013). Integrated seed sector development in Africa: a basis for seed policy and law. Journal of Crop Improvement, 27(2), 186–214.

Marfo, K. A., Dorward, P. T., Craufurd, P. Q., Ansere-Bioh, F., Haleegoah, J., & Bam, R. (2008). Identifying seed uptake pathways: the spread of agya amoah rice cultivar in southwestern Ghana. Experimental Agriculture, 44(02), 257–269.

McGuire, S. J. (2008). Securing access to seed: social relations and sorghum seed exchange in eastern Ethiopia. Human Ecology, 36(2), 217–229.

McGuire, S. J., & Sperling, L. (2008). Leveraging farmers' strategies for coping with stress: seed aid in Ethiopia. Global Environmental Change, 18(4), 679–688.

McGuire, S. J., & Sperling, L. (2011). The links between food security and seed security: facts and fiction that guide response. Development in Practice, 21(4–5), 493–508.

McGuire, S. J., & Sperling, L. (2013). Making seed systems more resilient to stress. Global Environmental Change, 23, 644–653.

Meikle, W. G., Markham, R. H., Nansen, C., Holst, N., Degbey, P., Azoma, K., & Korie, S. (2002). Pest management in traditional maize stores in west Africa: a farmer’s perspective. Journal of Economic Entomology, 95(5), 1079–1088.

Mutungi, C. M., Affognon, H., Njoroge, A. W., Baributsa, D., & Murdock, L. L. (2014). Storage of mung bean (Vigna radiata [L.] Wilczek) and pigeonpea grains (Cajanus cajan [l.] Millsp) in hermetic triple-layer bags stops losses caused by Callosobruchus maculatus (f.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). Journal of Stored Products Research, 58, 39–47.

Nagarajan, L., Smale, M., & Glewwe, P. (2007). Determinants of millet diversity at the household-farm and village-community levels in the drylands of India: the role of local seed systems. Agricultural Economics, 36(2), 157–167.

Nordhagen, S., & Pascual, U. (2013). The impact of climate shocks on seed purchase decisions in Malawi: implications for climate change adaptation. World Development, 43, 238–251.

NRI. (2003). Agribusiness entrepreneur network and development programme (agent), from http://projects.nri.org/nret/SPCDR/Chapter3/services-3-4-2-2.htm

Odame, H., & Muange, E. (2011). Can agro-dealers deliver the green revolution in Kenya? IDS Bulletin, 42(4), 78–89.

Pautasso, M., Aistara, G., Barnaud, A., Caillon, S., Clouvel, P., Coomes, O. T., Delêtre, M., Demeulenaere, E., De Santis, P., Doring, T., Eloy, L., Emperaire, L., Garine, E., Goldringer, I., Jarvis, D., Joly, H. I., Leclerc, C., Louafi, S., Martin, P., Massol, F., McGuire, S., McKey, D., Padoch, C., Soler, C., Thomas, M., & Tramontini, S. (2013). Seed exchange networks for agrobiodiversity conservation. A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 33(1), 151–175.

Rajalahti, R. (2013). The World Bank support to seed sector development, may 2, 2013. Washington: Paper presented at the Supporting Comprehensive Seed Sector Development.

Remington, T., Maroko, J., Walsh, S., Omanga, P., & Charles, E. (2002). Getting off the seeds-and-tools treadmill with crs seed vouchers and fairs. Disasters, 26(4), 316–328.

Rohrbach, D. D., & Malusalila, P. (1999). Developing rural retail trade of seed through small packs. Paper presented at the Conference ‘Linking Seed Producers and Consumers: Diagnosing constraints in institutional performance - Zimbabwe’, ICRISAT and ODI, Bulawayo.

Rubyogo, J. C., Sperling, L., Muthoni, R., & Buruchara, R. (2010). Bean seed delivery for small farmers in sub-saharan Africa: the power of partnerships. Society and Natural Resources, 23(4), 285–302.

Shi, W., & Tao, F. (2014). Vulnerability of African maize yield to climate change and variability during 1961–2010. Food Security, 6(4), 471–481.

Smale, M., Byerlee, D., & Jayne, T. S. (2011). Maize revolutions in sub-Saharan Africa (p. 34). Washington: World Bank, Policy Research Working Paper 5659.

SourceWatch. (2012). Agra's programme for africa's seeds systems Retrieved 12 March 2015, from http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/AGRA%27s_Programme_for_Africa%27s_Seeds_Systems

Sperling, L. (1994). Summary report. Analysis of bean seed channels in the Great Lakes region: South Kivu, Zaire, southern Rwanda, and select bean-growing zones of Burundi (p. 13). Rwanda: CIAT/RESAPAC.

Sperling, L. (2008). When disaster strikes: A guide for assessing seed security. Cali: CIAT.

Sperling, L., & Boettiger, S. (2013). Impacts of selling seed in small packs: Evidence from legume sales: AgPartnerXChange.

Sperling, L., Boettiger, S., & Barker, I. (2014). Integrating seed systems Planning for Scale Brief # 3: AgPartnerXChange.

Sperling, L., & Cooper, D. (2004). Understanding seed systems and strengthening seed security: A background paper. In L. Sperling, T. Osborn, & D. Cooper (Eds.), Towards effective and sustainable seed relief activities (pp. 7–33). Rome: FAO. Plant Production and Protection Paper 181.

Sperling, L., & McGuire, S. (2010). Understanding and strengthening informal seed markets. Experimental Agriculture, 46(2), 119–136.

Sperling, L., & McGuire, S. J. (2012). Fatal gaps in seed security strategy. Food Security, 4(4), 569–579.

USAID. (2013). Seedclir Tanzania pilor report enabling agricultural trade. Washington: USAID.

van Etten, J. (2011). Crowdsourcing crop improvement in sub‐saharan africa: a proposal for a scalable and inclusive approach to food security. IDS Bulletin, 42(4), 102–110.

Walsh, S., Baributsa, D., Remington, T., & Sperling, L. (2014). Seed storage brief #2: Hermetic seed storage technology: Principles, use, and economics – a practitioner’s guide. Nairobi: Catholic Relief Services.