Sàng lọc các tác nhân vi khuẩn kiểm soát sinh học tiềm năng chống lại các bệnh thực vật do nấm gây ra ở đất

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 340 - Trang 505-520 - 2010
Clara Pliego1, Cayo Ramos1, Antonio de Vicente2, Francisco M. Cazorla2
1Área de Genética, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea, Universidad de Málaga (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Málaga, Spain
2Departamento de Microbiología, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea, Universidad de Málaga (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Málaga, Spain

Tóm tắt

Qua nhiều năm, nhiều chủng vi khuẩn đã được đánh giá là các tác nhân kiểm soát sinh học tiềm năng chống lại các bệnh thực vật do nấm gây ra ở đất. Tuy nhiên, rất ít trong số đó thực sự thành công sau khi được đánh giá trong các thử nghiệm thực địa. Một trong những lý do chính cho sự thất bại này là sự thiếu hụt các quy trình sàng lọc phù hợp để lựa chọn những vi sinh vật phù hợp nhất cho việc kiểm soát bệnh tật trong các môi trường đất đa dạng. Vì lý do này, nghiên cứu về sàng lọc vi khuẩn có một tương lai đặc trưng bởi nhiều thách thức kỹ thuật và khái niệm. Trong bài đánh giá này, chúng tôi tóm tắt và thảo luận về sự thuận tiện của việc sử dụng các phương pháp sàng lọc chính hiện đang được áp dụng để chọn lựa các ứng viên vi khuẩn cho kiểm soát sinh học các bệnh thực vật do nấm và oomycete gây ra ở đất. Ngoài ra, một nghiên cứu trường hợp so sánh về việc áp dụng các phương pháp sàng lọc khác nhau đối với một hệ thống bệnh học thực nghiệm sẽ được trình bày, cho thấy sự thành công của các ứng viên vi khuẩn được lựa chọn bởi các chiến lược khác nhau trong việc kiểm soát sinh học nấm phytopathogenic Rosellinia necatrix trên cây bơ. Việc sàng lọc sự đối kháng chống lại mầm bệnh nấm này, một trong những phương pháp đơn giản hơn được sử dụng để lựa chọn các tác nhân kiểm soát sinh học vi khuẩn, đã được chứng minh là một chiến lược hợp lệ cho hệ thống thực nghiệm này.

Từ khóa

#sàng lọc #tác nhân vi khuẩn #kiểm soát sinh học #nấm #bệnh do nấm gây ra ở đất #hệ thống bệnh học

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