Risk factors for human disease emergence

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences - Tập 356 Số 1411 - Trang 983-989 - 2001
Louise Taylor1, Sophia M. Latham1, Mark Woolhouse1
1Centre for Tropical Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Roslin, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK

Tóm tắt

A comprehensive literature review identifies 1415 species of infectious organism known to be pathogenic to humans, including 217 viruses and prions, 538 bacteria and rickettsia, 307 fungi, 66 protozoa and 287 helminths. Out of these, 868 (61%) are zoonotic, that is, they can be transmitted between humans and animals, and 175 pathogenic species are associated with diseases considered to be ‘emerging’. We test the hypothesis that zoonotic pathogens are more likely to be associated with emerging diseases than non–emerging ones. Out of the emerging pathogens, 132 (75%) are zoonotic, and overall, zoonotic pathogens are twice as likely to be associated with emerging diseases than non–zoonotic pathogens. However, the result varies among taxa, with protozoa and viruses particularly likely to emerge, and helminths particularly unlikely to do so, irrespective of their zoonotic status. No association between transmission route and emergence was found. This study represents the first quantitative analysis identifying risk factors for human disease emergence.

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Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences

Tập 356 Số 1411

983-989

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