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Tái chế tài nguyên từ chất thải COVID-19 thông qua quá trình nhiệt phân: một phương pháp kinh tế tuần hoàn
Tóm tắt
Kể từ cuối năm 2019, đại dịch COVID-19 đã ảnh hưởng đến 220 quốc gia và hiện tại phần lớn thế giới đang đối mặt với cơn thịnh nộ của làn sóng thứ hai. Một trong những hệ quả của đại dịch hiện tại là việc phát sinh một lượng lớn "chất thải COVID" polymer rắn bao gồm chất thải y tế, chất thải thiết bị bảo hộ cá nhân (PPE), chất thải từ bao bì và các chất thải gia đình khác có khả năng lây nhiễm. Phương pháp nhiệt hóa là phương pháp điều trị và tiêu hủy chất thải polymer lây nhiễm hiệu quả hơn cả. Thông thường, thiêu hủy được sử dụng để đảm bảo tiêu diệt hoàn toàn các mầm bệnh, tuy nhiên đây không phải là phương pháp tiết kiệm tài nguyên. Nhiệt phân là một giải pháp bền vững có thể xử lý dòng chất thải COVID hiện tại trong ngắn hạn và dài hạn, mang lại nhiên liệu và sản phẩm vật liệu quý giá. Các tài liệu được công bố gần đây trong lĩnh vực này đã chỉ ra rõ ràng tính linh hoạt của công nghệ này trong việc xử lý hiệu quả cả dòng polymer đơn và hỗn hợp. Dựa trên những thực tế này, chúng tôi đề xuất một khung phục hồi tài nguyên tận dụng nhiệt phân như là phương pháp chuyển đổi chủ yếu để xử lý hiệu quả dòng chất thải COVID. Khung của chúng tôi đề xuất cách thức các nhà máy này có thể hoạt động và hữu ích trong việc tạo ra doanh thu trong thời gian hậu đại dịch. Chúng tôi hy vọng rằng việc áp dụng nhiệt phân một cách có trách nhiệm sẽ dẫn dắt chúng ta đến một mô hình nền kinh tế tuần hoàn.
Từ khóa
#COVID-19; chất thải; nhiệt phân; kinh tế tuần hoàn; tái chế; polymer; virusTài liệu tham khảo
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