Reservoir operation for optimal water use of Kabalega reservoir in Uganda
Tóm tắt
Wambabya River catchment over the past years (since 2010) has been experiencing alterations in its upstream which may have resulted in seasonal variability in rainfall pattern. Temperatures have increased thus high-water loss through evapotranspiration. River inflows have decreased gradually affecting the power generation from Kabalega dam, thus unable to meet the power demand and downstream ecological requirement. The study developed reservoir operation policies for optimal water use of Kabalega reservoir to meet the target demands. Australian Water Balance Model was used to simulate river inflow into Kabalega reservoir. The model was calibrated with observed flow from 1990–2009 and validated with flow from 2010–2019. Model performance yielded Nash Sutcliff efficiency and coefficient of determination of 0.758 and 0.74 for calibration, respectively. Hydrologic Engineering Center Reservoir System Simulation model was used to optimize and develop new reservoir operating rules by calibrating and validating the model for 8 years which yielded Nash Sutcliff efficiency and coefficient of determination of 0.85 and 0.82 for calibration respectively. The reservoir system performance was further assessed using statistical performance indices; reliability, resilience, vulnerability and sustainability. The simulated releases were compared to the actual releases and generated power compared to power demand. It was found that the system exhibits fewer deficits in terms of power supply and minimal spill flows over the spillway found to occur compared to that in the original operation policy. The derived operation policies are thus recommended to serve as decision-making tools for reservoir operation to maximize the benefits derived from Kabalega reservoir.
Tài liệu tham khảo
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