Requirements and toxicity of essential trace elements, illustrated by zinc and copper

Mertz, 1986 1983 1989, 205 Mertz, 1994 Fischer, 1984, Effect of zinc supplements on copper status in adult men, Am J Clin Nutr, 40, 743, 10.1093/ajcn/40.4.743 Yadrick, 1989, Iron, copper, and zinc status: response to supplementation with zinc or zinc and iron in adult females, Am J Clin Nutr, 49, 5 1987 Van Campen, 1965, Effects of zinc, cadmium, silver, and mercury on the absorption and distribution of copper-64 in rats, J Nutr, 88, 3 Klevay, 1984, The role of copper, zinc and other chemical elements in ischemic heart disease., 129 Klevay, 1993, Trace elements in man and animals., 207 Klevay, 1994, Decreased high density lipoprotein cholesterol and apoprotein A-L in plasma and ultra structural pathology in cardiac muscle of young pigs fed a diet high in zinc, Nutr Res, 14, 7 Hill, 1970, Chemical parameters in the study of in vivo and in vitro interactions of transition elements, Fed Proc, 29, 4 Hill, 1976, Mineral interrelationships., 281 Klevay, 1973, Hypercholesterolemia in rats produced by an increase in the ratio of zinc to copper ingested, Am J Clin Nutr, 26, 0 Richards, 1975, Mammalian zinc homeostasis: requirement for RNA and metallothionein synthesis, Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 64, 5 Cousins, 1994, Metal elements and gene expression, Annu Rev Nutr, 14, 9 Sandstead, 1982, Copper bioavailability, requirements, Am J Clin Nutr, 35, 9 Greger, 1978, Zinc, nitrogen, copper, iron, and manganese balance in adolescent females fed two levels of zinc, Am J Clin Nutr, 108, 9 Burke, 1980, Copper and zinc utilization in elderly adults, J Gerontol, 36, 8 Milne, 1993, Assessment of copper status: effect of age and gender on reference ranges in healthy adults, Clin Chem, 39, 3 Milne, 1988, Effects of ascorbic acid supplements and a diet marginal in copper on indices of copper nutriture in women, Nutr Res, 8, 5 Klevay, 1984, Increased cholesterol in plasma in a young man during experimental copper depletion, Metabolism, 33, 2 Reiser, 1985, Indices of copper status in humans consuming a typical American diet containing either fructose or starch, Am J Clin Nutr, 42, 2 Reiser, 1987, Effect of copper intake on blood cholesterol and its lipoprotein distribution in men, Nutr Rep Int, 36, 1 Lau, 1981, Post heparin plasma lipoprotein lipase in copper-deficient rats, J Nutr, 112, 8 Lau, 1981, Plasma lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase in copper-deficient rats, J Nutr, 111, 8 Harvey, 1981, Decreased plasma lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase activity in copper-deficient rats, J Nutr, 111, 5 Bhathena, 1986, Decreased plasma enkephalins in copper deficiency in man, Am J Clin Nutr, 43, 2 Holbrook, 1989, Dietary fructose or starch: effects on copper, zinc, iron, manganese, calcium, and magnesium balances in humans, Am J Clin Nutr, 49, 0 Klevay, 1993, Ischemic heart disease: nutrition or pharmacology, J Trace Elem Electrolytes Health Dis, 7, 3 Chao, 1994, Low levels of ATP synthase and cytochrome c oxidase subunit peptide from hearts of copper-deficient rats are not altered by the administration of dimethyl sulfoxide, J Nutr, 124, 9 Wang, 1993, Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and sodium pump isoforms in copper deficient rat hearts., FASEB J, 7, A103 Zahler, 1992, The cardiac conduction system in the rat expresses the alpha 2 and alpha 3 isoforms of the Nꀂb, K+ -ATPase, Proc Natl Acad SciUS., 89, 9 Kim, 1992, Inhibition of elevated hepatic glutathione abolishes copper deficiency cholesterolemia, FASEB J, 6, 7 Klevay, 1986, Decreased glucose tolerance in two men during experimental copper depletion, Nutr Rep Int, 33, 1 Lukaski, 1988, Effects of dietary copper on human autonomic cardiovascular function, Eur J Appl Physiol, 58, 4 Milne, 1994, Effects of short-term copper deprivation on postmenopausal women., FASEB J, 8, A820 Pilch, 1984 Sandstead, 1990, Role of zinc and the contribution of meat to human nutrition., 237 Harzer, 1982, Binding of zinc to casein, Am J Clin Nutr, 35, 1 Sandberg, 1992, Inhibitory effects of isolated inositol phosphates on zinc absorption, J Trace Elem Electrolytes Health Dis, 6, 9 Davis, 1987, Copper., 301 Prasad, 1978, Hypocupremia induced by zinc therapy in adults, JAMA, 240, 6 Hoogenraad, 1983, 3 years of continuous oral zinc therapy in 4 patients with Wilson's disease, Acta Neurol Scand, 67, 6 Brewer, 1983, Oral zinc therapy for Wilson's disease, Ann Intern Med, 99, 4 Brewer, 1987, Treatment of Wilson's disease with zinc: III, prevention of reaccumulation of hepatic copper. J Lab Clin Med, 109, 6 Brewer, 1992, Wilson's disease, Medicine, 71, 9 Hooper, 1980, Zinc lowers high-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol levels, JAMA, 244, 0 Black, 1988, Zinc supplements and serum lipids in young adult white males, Am J Clin Nutr, 47, 0 Freeland-Graves, 1982, Effect of zinc supplementation on plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in women, Am J Clin Nutr, 35, 8 Chandra, 1984, Excessive intake of zinc impairs immune responses, JAMA, 252, 3 Mills, 1985, Dietary interactions involving trace elements, Annu Rev Nutr, 5, 3 Sandstrom, 1987, Zinc absorption in humans from meals based on rye, barley, oatmeal, triticale, and whole wheat, J Nutr, 117, 8 Kivisto, 1989, Effect of protein level and protein source on zinc absorption in humans, J Nutr, 119, 8 Solomons, 1981, Studies on the bioavailability of zinc in humans, Am J Clin Nutr, 34, 5