Tác động của kích thích từ trường não không liên tục trong điều trị trầm cảm kháng trị: sự thay đổi của các axit amin tiền chất neurotransmitter cụ thể

Journal of Neural Transmission - Tập 128 Số 8 - Trang 1225-1231 - 2021
Friedrich Leblhuber1, Simon Geisler2, Daniela Ehrlich1, Kostja Steiner1, Gilbert Reibnegger3, Dietmar Fuchs2, Katharina Kurz4
1Department of Gerontology, Kepler University Clinic, Linz, Austria
2Institute of Biological Chemistry, Innsbruck Medical University, Innrain 80, Room M04-313, 6020, BiocenterInnsbruck, Austria
3Division of Physiological Chemistry, Otto-Loewi Research Center, Graz Medical University, Graz, Austria
4Department of Internal Medicine, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria

Tóm tắt

Tóm tắtKích thích từ trường não không liên tục (rTMS) cho trầm cảm nặng kháng trị mang lại liệu pháp thay thế, vì hơn một phần ba bệnh nhân không đáp ứng với điều trị chống trầm cảm đầy đủ. Trong nghiên cứu can thiệp này, độ an toàn, sự phát triển triệu chứng và sự thay đổi nồng độ trong huyết thanh của các axit amin tiền chất neurotransmitter, các dấu hiệu kích hoạt miễn dịch và viêm, yếu tố dinh dưỡng thần kinh xuất phát từ não (BDNF), nitrit cũng như amylase trong nước bọt đã được đo trước và sau khi kích thích vỏ não trán bằng rTMS như liệu pháp bổ sung trên 38 bệnh nhân bị trầm cảm kháng trị. Trong số đó, 17 bệnh nhân nhận kích thích giả như một nhóm đối chứng. Điều trị được dung nạp tốt: với ngoại lệ của một bệnh nhân trong nhóm thật, người đã mô tả cảm giác khó chịu trong quá trình điều trị thứ hai, không có tác dụng phụ nghiêm trọng nào được quan sát. Sự cải thiện trạng thái trầm cảm với sự giảm có ý nghĩa ở thang điểm HAMD-7 (p = 0.001) đã được tìm thấy ở bệnh nhân được điều trị bằng rTMS, nhưng không có ở bệnh nhân điều trị giả. Ngoài ra, nồng độ phenylalanine và tyrosine trong huyết thanh đã giảm đáng kể (p = 0.03 và p = 0.027, tương ứng) ở bệnh nhân được điều trị bằng rTMS. Tỷ lệ kynurenine trên tryptophan (Kyn/Trp) có xu hướng giảm dưới rTMS (p = 0.07). Thêm vào đó, mối liên hệ giữa nồng độ BDNF và neopterin cũng như nồng độ nitrit huyết thanh đã được tìm thấy ở bệnh nhân sau khi điều trị rTMS, cho thấy ảnh hưởng của các mạch điều tiết miễn dịch lên mức BDNF. Ở bệnh nhân được điều trị giả, không có sự thay đổi nào của nồng độ biomarker được quan sát. Kết quả cho thấy rằng rTMS có hiệu quả trong điều trị trầm cảm kháng trị. rTMS dường như ảnh hưởng đến enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase, enzyme đóng vai trò trung tâm trong tổng hợp các tiền chất neurotransmitter tyrosine và dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA).

Từ khóa


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