Elisabeth Gutjahr1, Gerhard Gmel1, Juergen Rehm2,3,4
1Swiss Institute for the Prevention of Alcohol and Drug Problems, Lausanne
2Addiction Research Institute, Zürich, Switzerland
3Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, and
4University of Toronto, Ont., Canada
Tóm tắt
<i>Objective: </i>To conduct an overview of alcohol-related health consequences and to estimate relative risk for chronic consequences and attributable fractions for acute consequences. <i>Methods: </i>Identification of alcohol-related consequences was performed by means of reviewing and evaluating large-scale epidemiological studies and reviews on alcohol and health, including epidemiological contributions to major social cost studies. Relative risks and alcohol-attributable fractions were drawn from the international literature and risk estimates were updated, whenever possible, by means of meta-analytical techniques. <i>Results:</i> More than 60 health consequences were identified for which a causal link between alcohol consumption and outcome can be assumed. <i>Conclusions: </i>Future research on alcohol-related health consequences should focus on standardization of exposure measures and take into consideration both average volume of consumption and patterns of drinking.
