Rapid detection of infectious cytomegalovirus in blood with the aid of monoclonal antibodies
Tóm tắt
The recently developed early antigen immunofluorescence (IF) method for the detection of infectious cytomegalovirus (CMV) in clinical specimens has hardly been applied on blood samples. We compared the CMV early antigen detection technique with the conventional cell culture method in 415 different buffy coat samples from 85 different immunocompromised patients. Duplicate coverslips were stained with two different monoclonal antibodies 46 days after inoculation. The conventional cultures were examined for typical cytopathic effects (CPE) during 10 weeks. Forty samples from 19 patients were positive by the IF technique, most of them with both monoclonal antibodies. Only 22 of these samples were positive in the conventional cell culture assay, on average after 15.8 days. CMV viraemia was detected exclusively by the IF method in 18 samples, 7 of which were from five patients without any further evidence of an active CMV infection. CMV viraemia was detected exclusively by the CPE method in eight samples, on average after no less than 36.6 days. CMV viraemia was not found in blood samples from 10 patients with laboratory proven active CMV infections and 53 patients without any evidence of an active CMV infection. In our hands the early antigen method for the detection of infectious CMV in blood is nearly as specific (at least 98.1%) and clearly much faster and more sensitive than the conventional cell culture method. The early CMV antigen detection method is therefore a very useful tool for the rapid detection of infectious CMV in blood.
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Alford CA, 1981, The Human Herpesviruses. An Interdisciplinary Perspective, 159
Betts RF, 1982, Cytomegalovirus infection in transplant patients, Progress in Medical Virology (Basel), 28, 44
CaseyHL(1965):Standardized diagnostic complement fixation method and adaptation to microtest. Public Health Monograph No. 74 U.S. Government Printing Office.
Chatterjee SN, 1978, Primary cytomegalovirus and opportunistic infections. Incidence in renal transplant recipients, The Journal of the American Medical Association, 240, 2446, 10.1001/jama.1978.03290220058017
Gleaves CA, 1984, Rapid detection of cytomegalovirus in MRC‐5 cells inoculated with urine specimens by using low‐speed centrifugation and monoclonal antibody to an early antigen, Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 19, 917, 10.1128/jcm.19.6.917-919.1984
Gleaves CA, 1985, Comparison of standard tube and shell vial cell culture techniques for the detection of cytomegalovirus in clinical specimens, Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 21, 217, 10.1128/jcm.21.2.217-221.1985
Martin WJ, 1986, Rapid detection of cytomegalovirus in bronchoalveolar lavage specimens by a monoclonal antibody technique, Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 23, 1000, 10.1128/jcm.23.6.1006-1008.1986
Mazeron MC, 1983, Production d'anticorps monoclonaux contre le cytomégalovirus humain, Comptes rendus de I'academie des sciences serie III, 297, 305
Mazeron MC, 1984, Detection of cytomegaloviremia using monoclonal antibodies, Developments in Biological Standardization (Basel), 57, 287
Middeldorp JM, 1984, Detection of Immunoglobulin M and G antibodies against cytomegalovirus early and late antigens by enzyme‐linked‐immunosorbent‐assay, Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 20, 763, 10.1128/jcm.20.4.763-771.1984
Stagno S, 1980, Comparative study of diagnostic procedures for congenital cytomegalovirus infection, Pediatrics, 65, 251, 10.1542/peds.65.2.251