Rainfall-Induced Release of Fecal Coliforms and Other Manure Constituents: Comparison and Modeling

Applied and Environmental Microbiology - Tập 72 Số 12 - Trang 7531-7539 - 2006
Andrey Guber1,2, Daniel R. Shelton2, Yakov Pachepsky2, Ali M. Sadeghi3, L. J. Sikora4
1Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California
2USDA Agricultural Research Service Environmental Microbial Safety Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland
3USDA Agricultural Research Service Hydrology and Remote Sensing Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland
4USDA Agricultural Research Service Animal Manure and Byproducts Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland

Tóm tắt

ABSTRACT Modeling release of fecal coliforms is an important component of fate and transport simulations related to environmental water quality. Manure constituents other than fecal coliforms may serve as natural tracers of fecal contamination provided that their release from manure to runoff is similar to the fecal coliform release. The objectives of this work were to compare release of fecal coliforms (FC), chloride (Cl − ), organic carbon (OC), and water-soluble phosphorus (P) from dissolving manure and to assess the performance of three models in describing the observed release. Bovine manure was applied on 0.5- by 0.3-m bare and vegetated subplots with 20% slope on sandy loam and clay loam soils. Concentrations of Cl − , FC, OC, and P were measured in runoff collected from troughs at the edges of the subplots at 5-min intervals during 1-h rainfall simulations. The one-parametric exponential model and two-parametric Vadas-Kleinman-Sharpley model and Bradford-Schijven model were fitted to the data. The Bradford-Schijven model had uncorrelated parameters, one of which was linearly related to the irrigation rate, and another parameter reflected the presence or the absence of vegetation. Kinetics of the FC release from manure was similar to the release kinetics of P and OC. The Bradford-Schijven model is recommended to simulate the release of manure constituents.

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Applied and Environmental Microbiology

Tập 72 Số 12

7531-7539

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