Racial Differences in Pelvic Anatomy by Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Stark, 1985, Pelvimetry by magnetic resonance imaging., AJR Am J Roentgenol, 144, 947, 10.2214/ajr.144.5.947

Macura, 2006, Magnetic resonance imaging of pelvic floor defects in women., Top Magn Reson Imaging, 17, 417, 10.1097/RMR.0b013e3180417dc8

Baragi, 2002, Differences in pelvic floor area between African American and European American women., Am J Obstet Gynecol, 187, 111, 10.1067/mob.2002.125703

Cheng, 2006, Associated factors and outcomes of persistent occiput posterior position: a retrospective cohort study from 1976 to 2001., J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med, 19, 563, 10.1080/14767050600682487

Chung, 2006, Intrinsic racial differences in the risk of cesarean delivery are not explained by differences in caregivers or hospital site of delivery., Am J Obstet Gynecol, 194, 1323, 10.1016/j.ajog.2005.11.043

Hollard, 2006, Ethnic disparity in the success of vaginal birth after cesarean delivery., J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med, 19, 483, 10.1080/14767050600847809

Hendrix, 2002, Pelvic organ prolapse in the Women’s Health Initiative: gravity and gravidity., Am J Obstet Gynecol, 186, 1160, 10.1067/mob.2002.123819

Kim, 2005, A review of the epidemiology and pathophysiology of pelvic floor dysfunction: do racial differences matter?, J Obstet Gynaecol Can, 27, 251, 10.1016/S1701-2163(16)30518-7

Bump, 1993, Racial comparisons and contrasts in urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse., Obstet Gynecol, 81, 421

Rortveit, 2007, Symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse: prevalence and risk factors in a population-based, racially diverse cohort., Obstet Gynecol, 109, 1396, 10.1097/01.AOG.0000263469.68106.90

Thom, 2006, Differences in prevalence of urinary incontinence by race/ethnicity., J Urol, 175, 259, 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)00039-X

Steer, 1959, Moloy’s evaluation of the pelvis in obstetrics. 2nd ed.

Borello-France, 2006, Fecal and urinary incontinence in primiparous women., Obstet Gynecol, 108, 863, 10.1097/01.AOG.0000232504.32589.3b

Richter, 2006, Endoanal ultrasound findings and fecal incontinence symptoms in women with and without recognized anal sphincter tears., Obstet Gynecol, 108, 1394, 10.1097/01.AOG.0000246799.53458.bc

Handa, 2003, Architectural differences in the bony pelvis of women with and without pelvic floor disorders., Obstet Gynecol, 102, 1283

Cunningham, 1993, Williams obstetrics. 19th ed.

Moloy, 1975, Moloy’s evaluation of the pelvis in obstetrics. 3d ed.

Zaretsky, 2005, Magnetic resonance imaging pelvimetry and the prediction of labor dystocia., Obstet Gynecol, 106, 919, 10.1097/01.AOG.0000182575.81843.e7

Gordon, 1984, The changing place of radiology in obstetrics., Br J Radiol, 57, 891, 10.1259/0007-1285-57-682-891

Jagani, 1981, The predictability of labor outcome from a comparison of birth weight and x-ray pelvimetry., Am J Obstet Gynecol, 139, 507, 10.1016/0002-9378(81)90508-1

Varner, 1980, X-ray pelvimetry in clinical obstetrics., Obstet Gynecol, 56, 296

van Loon, 1997, Randomised controlled trial of magnetic-resonance pelvimetry in breech presentation at term., Lancet, 350, 1799, 10.1016/S0140-6736(97)05431-7

Howard, 2000, Differences in perineal lacerations in black and white primiparas., Obstet Gynecol, 96, 622

Handa, 2001, Obstetric anal sphincter lacerations., Obstet Gynecol, 98, 225

Liu, 2006, Failure of elastic fiber homeostasis leads to pelvic floor disorders., Am J Pathol, 168, 519, 10.2353/ajpath.2006.050399