Ung thư tuyến tiền liệt, Phiên bản 2.2019, Hướng dẫn Thực hành Lâm sàng NCCN trong Ung thư học
Tóm tắt
Các Hướng dẫn NCCN cho Ung thư tuyến tiền liệt bao gồm các khuyến cáo liên quan đến chẩn đoán, phân loại nguy cơ và quy trình công việc, các lựa chọn điều trị cho bệnh lý khu trú, cũng như quản lý bệnh tái phát và bệnh tiến triển cho các bác sĩ lâm sàng điều trị bệnh nhân mắc ung thư tuyến tiền liệt. Các phần của hướng dẫn được trình bày ở đây tập trung vào vai trò của xét nghiệm gen di truyền và gen somatic, phân loại nguy cơ với các biểu đồ nomogram và xét nghiệm đa gen khối u, liệu pháp ức chế androgen, liệu pháp hormone thứ phát, hóa trị và liệu pháp miễn dịch cho bệnh nhân ung thư tuyến tiền liệt.
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Briganti, 2007, A nomogram for staging of exclusive nonobturator lymph node metastases in men with localized prostate cancer, Eur Urol, 51, 112, 10.1016/j.eururo.2006.05.045
Magi-Galluzzi, 2018, The 17-gene genomic prostate score assay predicts outcome after radical prostatectomy independent of PTEN status, Urology, 121, 132, 10.1016/j.urology.2018.07.018
D’Amico, 2002, Biochemical outcome after radical prostatectomy or external beam radiation therapy for patients with clinically localized prostate carcinoma in the prostate specific antigen era, Cancer, 95, 281, 10.1002/cncr.10657
Imyanitov, 2011, Drug therapy for hereditary cancers, Hered Cancer Clin Pract, 9, 5, 10.1186/1897-4287-9-5
Gilbert, 2017, Quality-of-life outcomes from the Prostate Adenocarcinoma: TransCutaneous Hormones (PATCH) trial evaluating luteinising hormone-releasing hormone agonists versus transdermal oestradiol for androgen suppression in advanced prostate cancer, BJU Int, 119, 667, 10.1111/bju.13687
Moran, 2012, Risk of cancer other than breast or ovarian in individuals with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations, Fam Cancer, 11, 235, 10.1007/s10689-011-9506-2
Tryggvadóttir, 2007, Prostate cancer progression and survival in BRCA2 mutation carriers, J Natl Cancer Inst, 99, 929, 10.1093/jnci/djm005
Cooperberg, 2013, Validation of a cell-cycle progression gene panel to improve risk stratification in a contemporary prostatectomy cohort, J Clin Oncol, 31, 1428, 10.1200/JCO.2012.46.4396
Giri, Inherited mutations in men undergoing multigene panel testing for prostate cancer: emerging implications for personalized prostate cancer genetic evaluation [published online May 4, 2017], JCO Precision Oncol
Trachtenberg, 2002, A phase 3, multicenter, open label, randomized study of abarelix versus leuprolide plus daily antiandrogen in men with prostate cancer, J Urol, 167, 1670, 10.1097/00005392-200204000-00021
Ross, 2014, A genomic classifier predicting metastatic disease progression in men with biochemical recurrence after prostatectomy, Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis, 17, 64, 10.1038/pcan.2013.49
Halpern, 2017, National trends in prostate biopsy and radical prostatectomy volumes following the US Preventive Services Task Force guidelines against prostate-specific antigen screening, JAMA Surg, 152, 192, 10.1001/jamasurg.2016.3987
Cuzick, 2011, Prognostic value of an RNA expression signature derived from cell cycle proliferation genes in patients with prostate cancer: a retrospective study, Lancet Oncol, 12, 245, 10.1016/S1470-2045(10)70295-3
Holzbeierlein, 2004, Gene expression analysis of human prostate carcinoma during hormonal therapy identifies androgen-responsive genes and mechanisms of therapy resistance, Am J Pathol, 164, 217, 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)63112-4
Sweeney, 2015, Chemohormonal therapy in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer, N Engl J Med, 373, 737, 10.1056/NEJMoa1503747
Sun, 2016, Comparison of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists and orchiectomy: effects of androgen-deprivation therapy, JAMA Oncol, 2, 500, 10.1001/jamaoncol.2015.4917
Beer, 2017, Enzalutamide in men with chemotherapy-naive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: extended analysis of the phase 3 PREVAIL study, Eur Urol, 71, 151, 10.1016/j.eururo.2016.07.032
Cullen, 2015, A biopsy-based 17-gene genomic prostate score predicts recurrence after radical prostatectomy and adverse surgical pathology in a racially diverse population of men with clinically low- and intermediate-risk prostate cancer, Eur Urol, 68, 123, 10.1016/j.eururo.2014.11.030
Stein, 2018, Randomized phase 2 therapeutic equivalence study of abiraterone acetate fine particle formulation vs originator abiraterone acetate in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: the STAAR study, Urol Oncol, 10.1016/j.urolonc.2017.10.018
Zelefsky, 2007, Pretreatment nomogram predicting ten-year biochemical outcome of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy and intensity-modulated radiotherapy for prostate cancer, Urology, 70, 283, 10.1016/j.urology.2007.03.060
Oudard, 2017, Cabazitaxel versus docetaxel as first-line therapy for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: a randomized phase III trial-FIRSTANA, J Clin Oncol, 35, 3189, 10.1200/JCO.2016.72.1068
Lecarpentier, 2017, Prediction of breast and prostate cancer risks in male BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers using polygenic risk scores, J Clin Oncol, 35, 2240, 10.1200/JCO.2016.69.4935
Tulinius, 2002, The effect of a single BRCA2 mutation on cancer in Iceland, J Med Genet, 39, 457, 10.1136/jmg.39.7.457
Taylor, 2017, Germline BRCA2 mutations drive prostate cancers with distinct evolutionary trajectories, Nat Commun, 8, 13671, 10.1038/ncomms13671
Middha, Reliable pan-cancer microsatellite instability assessment by using targeted next-generation sequencing data [published online October 3, 2017], JCO Precis Oncol.
James, 2016, Clinical outcomes and survival following treatment of metastatic castrate-refractory prostate cancer with docetaxel alone or with strontium-89, zoledronic acid, or both: The trapeze randomized clinical trial, JAMA Oncol, 2, 493, 10.1001/jamaoncol.2015.5570
Abdollah, 2014, Predicting survival of patients with node-positive prostate cancer following multimodal treatment, Eur Urol, 65, 554, 10.1016/j.eururo.2013.09.025
Narod, 2008, Rapid progression of prostate cancer in men with a BRCA2 mutation, Br J Cancer, 99, 371, 10.1038/sj.bjc.6604453
Potosky, 2014, Effectiveness of primary androgen-deprivation therapy for clinically localized prostate cancer, J Clin Oncol, 32, 1324, 10.1200/JCO.2013.52.5782
Abida, Analysis of the prevalence of microsatellite instability in prostate cancer and response to immune checkpoint blockade [published online December 27, 2018], JAMA Oncol.
Borque, 2014, Implementing the use of nomograms by choosing threshold points in predictive models: 2012 updated Partin Tables vs a European predictive nomogram for organ-confined disease in prostate cancer, BJU Int, 113, 878, 10.1111/bju.12532
Böttcher, 2018, Cribriform and intraductal prostate cancer are associated with increased genomic instability and distinct genomic alterations, BMC Cancer, 18, 8, 10.1186/s12885-017-3976-z
Liede, 2004, Cancer risks for male carriers of germline mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2: a review of the literature, J Clin Oncol, 22, 735, 10.1200/JCO.2004.05.055
Cuzick, 2011, Prognostic value of an RNA expression signature derived from cell cycle proliferation genes in patients with prostate cancer: a retrospective study, Lancet Oncol, 12, 245, 10.1016/S1470-2045(10)70295-3
Pritchard, 2016, Inherited DNA-repair gene mutations in men with metastatic prostate cancer, N Engl J Med, 375, 443, 10.1056/NEJMoa1603144
Kattan, 2003, Counseling men with prostate cancer: a nomogram for predicting the presence of small, moderately differentiated, confined tumors, J Urol, 170, 1792, 10.1097/01.ju.0000091806.70171.41
Ryan, 2013, Abiraterone in metastatic prostate cancer without previous chemotherapy, N Engl J Med, 368, 138, 10.1056/NEJMoa1209096
Cher, 2017, Appropriateness criteria for active surveillance of prostate cancer, J Urol, 197, 67, 10.1016/j.juro.2016.07.005
Sammon, 2015, Prostate-specific antigen screening after 2012 US Preventive Services Task Force recommendations, JAMA, 314, 2077, 10.1001/jama.2015.7273
Etzioni, 2016, Recent trends in PSA testing and prostate cancer incidence: a look at context, JAMA Oncol, 2, 955, 10.1001/jamaoncol.2015.6310
Makarov, 2007, Updated nomogram to predict pathologic stage of prostate cancer given prostate-specific antigen level, clinical stage, and biopsy Gleason score (Partin tables) based on cases from 2000 to 2005, Urology, 69, 1095, 10.1016/j.urology.2007.03.042
Blume-Jensen, 2015, Development and clinical validation of an in situ biopsy-based multimarker assay for risk stratification in prostate cancer, Clin Cancer Res, 21, 2591, 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-14-2603
Graff, 2016, Early evidence of anti-PD-1 activity in enzalutamide-resistant prostate cancer, Oncotarget, 7, 52810, 10.18632/oncotarget.10547
Ross, 2016, Tissue-based genomics augments post-prostatectomy risk stratification in a natural history cohort of intermediate- and high-risk men, Eur Urol, 69, 157, 10.1016/j.eururo.2015.05.042
Berthold, 2008, Docetaxel plus prednisone or mitoxantrone plus prednisone for advanced prostate cancer: updated survival in the TAX 327 study, J Clin Oncol, 26, 242, 10.1200/JCO.2007.12.4008
Herget, 2016, Recent decline in prostate cancer incidence in the United States, by age, stage, and Gleason score, Cancer Med, 5, 136, 10.1002/cam4.549
Mersch, 2015, Cancers associated with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations other than breast and ovarian, Cancer, 121, 269, 10.1002/cncr.29041
Leapman, 2017, Application of a prognostic Gleason grade grouping system to assess distant prostate cancer outcomes, Eur Urol, 71, 750, 10.1016/j.eururo.2016.11.032
Albertsen, 2014, Cardiovascular morbidity associated with gonadotropin releasing hormone agonists and an antagonist, Eur Urol, 65, 565, 10.1016/j.eururo.2013.10.032
Risbridger, 2015, Patient-derived xenografts reveal that intraductal carcinoma of the prostate is a prominent pathology in BRCA2 mutation carriers with prostate cancer and correlates with poor prognosis, Eur Urol, 67, 496, 10.1016/j.eururo.2014.08.007
Gandaglia, 2017, Are all grade group 4 prostate cancers created equal? Implications for the applicability of the novel grade grouping, Urol Oncol, 35, 461.e7, 10.1016/j.urolonc.2017.02.012
Labrie, 1987, Flutamide eliminates the risk of disease flare in prostatic cancer patients treated with a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist, J Urol, 138, 804, 10.1016/S0022-5347(17)43380-5
Ryan, 2013, Abiraterone in metastatic prostate cancer without previous chemotherapy, N Engl J Med, 368, 138, 10.1056/NEJMoa1209096
Kantoff, 2010, Sipuleucel-T immunotherapy for castration-resistant prostate cancer, N Engl J Med, 363, 411, 10.1056/NEJMoa1001294
Castro, 2015, Effect of BRCA mutations on metastatic relapse and cause-specific survival after radical treatment of localised prostate cancer, Eur Urol, 68, 186, 10.1016/j.eururo.2014.10.022
Narod, 2008, Rapid progression of prostate cancer in men with a BRCA2 mutation, Br J Cancer, 99, 371, 10.1038/sj.bjc.6604453
Hussaini, 2017, Impact of an alternative steroid on the relative bioavailability and bioequivalence of a novel versus the originator formulation of abiraterone acetate, Cancer Chemother Pharmacol, 80, 479, 10.1007/s00280-017-3360-3
He, 2017, Validation of a contemporary five-tiered Gleason grade grouping using population-based data, Eur Urol, 71, 760, 10.1016/j.eururo.2016.11.031
Khoo, 2005, Radiotherapeutic techniques for prostate cancer, dose escalation and brachytherapy, Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol), 17, 560, 10.1016/j.clon.2005.07.006
D’Amico, 1998, Biochemical outcome after radical prostatectomy, external beam radiation therapy, or interstitial radiation therapy for clinically localized prostate cancer, JAMA, 280, 969, 10.1001/jama.280.11.969
Thorne, 2011, Decreased prostate cancer-specific survival of men with BRCA2 mutations from multiple breast cancer families, Cancer Prev Res (Phila), 4, 1002, 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-10-0397
Kattan, 2003, Counseling men with prostate cancer: a nomogram for predicting the presence of small, moderately differentiated, confined tumors, J Urol, 170, 1792, 10.1097/01.ju.0000091806.70171.41
Zumsteg, 2013, A new risk classification system for therapeutic decision making with intermediate-risk prostate cancer patients undergoing dose-escalated external-beam radiation therapy, Eur Urol, 64, 895, 10.1016/j.eururo.2013.03.033
Kellokumpu-Lehtinen, 2013, 2-Weekly versus 3-weekly docetaxel to treat castration-resistant advanced prostate cancer: a randomised, phase 3 trial, Lancet Oncol, 14, 117, 10.1016/S1470-2045(12)70537-5
Fizazi, 2012, Abiraterone acetate for treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: final overall survival analysis of the COU-AA-301 randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 study, Lancet Oncol, 13, 983, 10.1016/S1470-2045(12)70379-0
Kote-Jarai, 2015, Prevalence of the HOXB13 G84E germline mutation in British men and correlation with prostate cancer risk, tumour characteristics and clinical outcomes, Ann Oncol, 26, 756, 10.1093/annonc/mdv004
Tulinius, 2002, The effect of a single BRCA2 mutation on cancer in Iceland, J Med Genet, 39, 457, 10.1136/jmg.39.7.457
de Bono, 2010, Prednisone plus cabazitaxel or mitoxantrone for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer progressing after docetaxel treatment: a randomised open-label trial, Lancet, 376, 1147, 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61389-X
Small, 2004, Antiandrogen withdrawal alone or in combination with ketoconazole in androgen-independent prostate cancer patients: a phase III trial (CALGB 9583), J Clin Oncol, 22, 1025, 10.1200/JCO.2004.06.037
Jemal, 2015, Prostate cancer incidence and PSA testing patterns in relation to USPSTF screening recommendations, JAMA, 314, 2054, 10.1001/jama.2015.14905
Bishoff, 2014, Prognostic utility of the cell cycle progression score generated from biopsy in men treated with prostatectomy, J Urol, 192, 409, 10.1016/j.juro.2014.02.003
Langley, 2013, Cardiovascular outcomes in patients with locally advanced and metastatic prostate cancer treated with luteinising-hormone-releasing-hormone agonists or transdermal oestrogen: the randomised, phase 2 MRC PATCH trial (PR09), Lancet Oncol, 14, 306, 10.1016/S1470-2045(13)70025-1
Ford, 1994, Risks of cancer in BRCA1-mutation carriers, Lancet, 343, 692, 10.1016/S0140-6736(94)91578-4
Porter, 2017, Systematic review links the prevalence of intraductal carcinoma of the prostate to prostate cancer risk categories, Eur Urol, 72, 492, 10.1016/j.eururo.2017.03.013
Lu-Yao, 2014, Fifteen-year survival outcomes following primary androgen-deprivation therapy for localized prostate cancer, JAMA Intern Med, 174, 1460, 10.1001/jamainternmed.2014.3028
Epstein, 2016, The 2014 International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) consensus conference on Gleason grading of prostatic carcinoma: definition of grading patterns and proposal for a new grading system, Am J Surg Pathol, 40, 244, 10.1097/PAS.0000000000000530
Helgason, 2015, Loss-of-function variants in ATM confer risk of gastric cancer, Nat Genet, 47, 906, 10.1038/ng.3342
Beer, 2017, Enzalutamide in men with chemotherapy-naive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: extended analysis of the phase 3 PREVAIL study, Eur Urol, 71, 151, 10.1016/j.eururo.2016.07.032
Latham, 2019, Microsatellite instability is associated with the presence of Lynch syndrome pan-cancer, J Clin Oncol, 37, 286, 10.1200/JCO.18.00283
Hussain, 2018, Enzalutamide in men with nonmetastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer, N Engl J Med, 378, 2465, 10.1056/NEJMoa1800536
Hu, Clinical utility of gene expression classifiers in men with newly diagnosed prostate cancer [published online, October 19, 2018], JCO Precis Oncol
Seipel, 2017, Genetic profile of ductal adenocarcinoma of the prostate, Hum Pathol, 69, 1, 10.1016/j.humpath.2017.04.015
Klotz, 2015, Nadir testosterone within first year of androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) predicts for time to castration-resistant progression: a secondary analysis of the PR-7 trial of intermittent versus continuous ADT, J Clin Oncol, 33, 1151, 10.1200/JCO.2014.58.2973
Zumsteg, 2013, A new risk classification system for therapeutic decision making with intermediate-risk prostate cancer patients undergoing dose-escalated external-beam radiation therapy, Eur Urol, 64, 895, 10.1016/j.eururo.2013.03.033
Kaufman, 2015, Olaparib monotherapy in patients with advanced cancer and a germline BRCA1/2 mutation, J Clin Oncol, 33, 244, 10.1200/JCO.2014.56.2728
Nicolosi, Prevalence of germline variants in prostate cancer and implications for current genetic testing guidelines [published online February 7, 2019], JAMA Oncol
Yamoah, 2015, Novel biomarker signature that may predict aggressive disease in African American men with prostate cancer, J Clin Oncol, 33, 2789, 10.1200/JCO.2014.59.8912
Attard, 2010, Abiraterone acetate is well tolerated without concomitant use of corticosteroids, J Clin Oncol, 28, e560, 10.1200/JCO.2010.29.5170
Kattan, 1999, Postoperative nomogram for disease recurrence after radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer, J Clin Oncol, 17, 1499, 10.1200/JCO.1999.17.5.1499
Reid, 2010, Significant and sustained antitumor activity in post-docetaxel, castration-resistant prostate cancer with the CYP17 inhibitor abiraterone acetate, J Clin Oncol, 28, 1489, 10.1200/JCO.2009.24.6819
Delahunt, 2015, Validation of International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grading for prostatic adenocarcinoma in thin core biopsies using TROG 03.04 ‘RADAR’ trial clinical data, Pathology, 47, 520, 10.1097/PAT.0000000000000318
Schweizer, 2016, Mismatch repair deficiency may be common in ductal adenocarcinoma of the prostate, Oncotarget, 7, 82504, 10.18632/oncotarget.12697
Kantoff, 2010, Sipuleucel-T immunotherapy for castration-resistant prostate cancer, N Engl J Med, 363, 411, 10.1056/NEJMoa1001294
McLeod, 2006, The bicalutamide 150 mg early prostate cancer program: findings of the North American trial at 7.7-year median followup, J Urol, 176, 75, 10.1016/S0022-5347(06)00495-2
Karnes, 2013, Validation of a genomic classifier that predicts metastasis following radical prostatectomy in an at risk patient population, J Urol, 190, 2047, 10.1016/j.juro.2013.06.017
Gallagher, 2010, Germline BRCA mutations denote a clinicopathologic subset of prostate cancer, Clin Cancer Res, 16, 2115, 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-09-2871
Spratt, 2018, Development and validation of a novel integrated clinical-genomic risk group classification for localized prostate cancer, J Clin Oncol, 36, 581, 10.1200/JCO.2017.74.2940
Saad, 2002, A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of zoledronic acid in patients with hormone-refractory metastatic prostate carcinoma, J Natl Cancer Inst, 94, 1458, 10.1093/jnci/94.19.1458
Graefen, 2001, A validated strategy for side specific prediction of organ confined prostate cancer: a tool to select for nerve sparing radical prostatectomy, J Urol, 165, 857, 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)66544-5
Hempelmann, 2018, Microsatellite instability in prostate cancer by PCR or next-generation sequencing, J Immunother Cancer, 6, 29, 10.1186/s40425-018-0341-y
Pritchard, 2016, Inherited DNA-repair gene mutations in men with metastatic prostate cancer, N Engl J Med, 375, 443, 10.1056/NEJMoa1603144
Imyanitov, 2011, Drug therapy for hereditary cancers, Hered Cancer Clin Pract, 9, 5, 10.1186/1897-4287-9-5
Reese, 2012, Contemporary evaluation of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network prostate cancer risk classification system, Urology, 80, 1075, 10.1016/j.urology.2012.07.040
Pilié, 2017, Germline genetic variants in men with prostate cancer and one or more additional cancers, Cancer, 123, 3925, 10.1002/cncr.30817
Klotz, 2015, Nadir testosterone within first year of androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) predicts for time to castration-resistant progression: a secondary analysis of the PR-7 trial of intermittent versus continuous ADT, J Clin Oncol, 33, 1151, 10.1200/JCO.2014.58.2973
Mohler, 2004, The androgen axis in recurrent prostate cancer, Clin Cancer Res, 10, 440, 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-1146-03
Chi, 2018, Patient-reported outcomes following abiraterone acetate plus prednisone added to androgen deprivation therapy in patients with newly diagnosed metastatic castration-naive prostate cancer (LATITUDE): an international, randomised phase 3 trial, Lancet Oncol, 19, 194, 10.1016/S1470-2045(17)30911-7
Gandaglia, 2019, A novel nomogram to identify candidates for extended pelvic lymph node dissection among patients with clinically localized prostate cancer diagnosed with magnetic resonance imaging-targeted and systematic biopsies, Eur Urol, 75, 506, 10.1016/j.eururo.2018.10.012
Dearnaley, 1999, Comparison of radiation side-effects of conformal and conventional radiotherapy in prostate cancer: a randomised trial, Lancet, 353, 267, 10.1016/S0140-6736(98)05180-0
Houston, 2018, Trends in prostate cancer incidence rates and prevalence of prostate-specific antigen screening by socioeconomic status and regions in the US, 2004-2013, J Urol, 199, 676, 10.1016/j.juro.2017.09.103
ERLEADATM, 2018, apalutamide tablets for oral use Horsham PA Products LP Available at https www accessdata fda gov drugsatfda docs label lbl pdf Accessed, 15, 000
Mateo, 2015, DNA-repair defects and olaparib in metastatic prostate cancer, N Engl J Med, 373, 1697, 10.1056/NEJMoa1506859
Pomerantz, 2017, The association between germline BRCA2 variants and sensitivity to platinum-based chemotherapy among men with metastatic prostate cancer, Cancer, 123, 3532, 10.1002/cncr.30808
D’Amico, 1999, Pretreatment nomogram for prostate-specific antigen recurrence after radical prostatectomy or external-beam radiation therapy for clinically localized prostate cancer, J Clin Oncol, 17, 168, 10.1200/JCO.1999.17.1.168
Klein, 2015, A genomic classifier improves prediction of metastatic disease within 5 years after surgery in node-negative high-risk prostate cancer patients managed by radical prostatectomy without adjuvant therapy, Eur Urol, 67, 778, 10.1016/j.eururo.2014.10.036
D’Amico, 2002, Biochemical outcome after radical prostatectomy or external beam radiation therapy for patients with clinically localized prostate carcinoma in the prostate specific antigen era, Cancer, 95, 281, 10.1002/cncr.10657
Tosoian, 2017, Prognostic utility of biopsy-derived cell cycle progression score in patients with National Comprehensive Cancer Network low-risk prostate cancer undergoing radical prostatectomy: implications for treatment guidance, BJU Int, 120, 808, 10.1111/bju.13911
Cuzick, 2012, Prognostic value of a cell cycle progression signature for prostate cancer death in a conservatively managed needle biopsy cohort, Br J Cancer, 106, 1095, 10.1038/bjc.2012.39
Schulze, 1990, Influence of different types of antiandrogens on luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue-induced testosterone surge in patients with metastatic carcinoma of the prostate, J Urol, 144, 934, 10.1016/S0022-5347(17)39625-8
Wong, 2015, Evaluation of models predicting insignificant prostate cancer to select men for active surveillance of prostate cancer, Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis, 18, 137, 10.1038/pcan.2015.1
Hussain, 2018, Enzalutamide in men with nonmetastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer, N Engl J Med, 378, 2465, 10.1056/NEJMoa1800536
Negoita, 2018, Annual report to the nation on the status of cancer, part II: recent changes in prostate cancer trends and disease characteristics, Cancer, 124, 2801, 10.1002/cncr.31549
Cheng, 2016, Biallelic inactivation of BRCA2 in platinum-sensitive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, Eur Urol, 69, 992, 10.1016/j.eururo.2015.11.022
Wu, 2018, A comprehensive evaluation of CHEK2 germline mutations in men with prostate cancer, Prostate, 78, 607, 10.1002/pros.23505
Fizazi, 2014, Effect of enzalutamide on time to first skeletal-related event, pain, and quality of life in men with castration-resistant prostate cancer: results from the randomised, phase 3 AFFIRM trial, Lancet Oncol, 15, 1147, 10.1016/S1470-2045(14)70303-1
Maurice, 2016, Current status of prostate cancer diagnosis and management in the United States, JAMA Oncol, 2, 1505, 10.1001/jamaoncol.2016.1785
He, 2017, Validation of a contemporary five-tiered Gleason grade grouping using population-based data, Eur Urol, 71, 760, 10.1016/j.eururo.2016.11.031
Borque, 2014, Implementing the use of nomograms by choosing threshold points in predictive models: 2012 updated Partin Tables vs a European predictive nomogram for organ-confined disease in prostate cancer, BJU Int, 113, 878, 10.1111/bju.12532
Näslund-Koch, 2016, Increased risk for other cancers in addition to breast cancer for CHEK2*1100delC heterozygotes estimated from the Copenhagen General Population Study, J Clin Oncol, 34, 1208, 10.1200/JCO.2015.63.3594
Loblaw, 2007, Initial hormonal management of androgen-sensitive metastatic, recurrent, or progressive prostate cancer: 2006 update of an American Society of Clinical Oncology practice guideline, J Clin Oncol, 25, 1596, 10.1200/JCO.2006.10.1949
Leyh-Bannurah, 2017, A proposal of a new nomogram for predicting upstaging in contemporary D’Amico low-risk prostate cancer patients, World J Urol, 35, 189, 10.1007/s00345-016-1863-x
Duchesne, 2016, Timing of androgen-deprivation therapy in patients with prostate cancer with a rising PSA (TROG 03.06 and VCOG PR 01-03 [TOAD]): a randomised, multicentre, non-blinded, phase 3 trial, Lancet Oncol, 17, 727, 10.1016/S1470-2045(16)00107-8
Latham, 2019, Microsatellite instability is associated with the presence of Lynch syndrome pan-cancer, J Clin Oncol, 37, 286, 10.1200/JCO.18.00283
USPSTF, 2018, cancer Screening The US Preventive Services Task Force Available at https www uspreventiveservicestaskforce org Page Document UpdateSummaryFinal prostate cancer screening ds s prostate Accessed, Prostate, 15, 1
Albertsen, 2014, Cardiovascular morbidity associated with gonadotropin releasing hormone agonists and an antagonist, Eur Urol, 65, 565, 10.1016/j.eururo.2013.10.032
D’Amico, 1998, Biochemical outcome after radical prostatectomy, external beam radiation therapy, or interstitial radiation therapy for clinically localized prostate cancer, JAMA, 280, 969, 10.1001/jama.280.11.969
Hussain, 2006, Absolute prostate-specific antigen value after androgen deprivation is a strong independent predictor of survival in new metastatic prostate cancer: data from Southwest Oncology Group Trial 9346 (INT-0162), J Clin Oncol, 24, 3984, 10.1200/JCO.2006.06.4246
James, 2016, Addition of docetaxel, zoledronic acid, or both to first-line long-term hormone therapy in prostate cancer (STAMPEDE): survival results from an adaptive, multiarm, multistage, platform randomised controlled trial, Lancet, 387, 1163, 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)01037-5
Oh, 2004, Prospective, multicenter, randomized phase II trial of the herbal supplement, PC-SPES, and diethylstilbestrol in patients with androgen-independent prostate cancer, J Clin Oncol, 22, 3705, 10.1200/JCO.2004.10.195
Clarke, 2018, Olaparib combined with abiraterone in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial, Lancet Oncol, 19, 975, 10.1016/S1470-2045(18)30365-6
Kirchhoff, 2004, BRCA mutations and risk of prostate cancer in Ashkenazi Jews, Clin Cancer Res, 10, 2918, 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-03-0604
Tosoian, 2017, Prediction of pathological stage based on clinical stage, serum prostate-specific antigen, and biopsy Gleason score: Partin tables in the contemporary era, BJU Int, 119, 676, 10.1111/bju.13573
de Bono, 2011, Abiraterone and increased survival in metastatic prostate cancer, N Engl J Med, 364, 1995, 10.1056/NEJMoa1014618
Stephenson, 2006, Preoperative nomogram predicting the 10-year probability of prostate cancer recurrence after radical prostatectomy, J Natl Cancer Inst, 98, 715, 10.1093/jnci/djj190
McLeod, 2006, Bicalutamide 150 mg plus standard care vs standard care alone for early prostate cancer, BJU Int, 97, 247, 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2005.06051.x
Fizazi, 2017, Abiraterone plus prednisone in metastatic, castration-sensitive prostate cancer, N Engl J Med, 377, 352, 10.1056/NEJMoa1704174
Erho, 2013, Discovery and validation of a prostate cancer genomic classifier that predicts early metastasis following radical prostatectomy, PLoS One, 8, e66855, 10.1371/journal.pone.0066855
van Asperen, 2005, Cancer risks in BRCA2 families: estimates for sites other than breast and ovary, J Med Genet, 42, 711, 10.1136/jmg.2004.028829
James, 2017, Abiraterone for prostate cancer not previously treated with hormone therapy, N Engl J Med, 377, 338, 10.1056/NEJMoa1702900
Lotan, 2015, PTEN loss is associated with upgrading of prostate cancer from biopsy to radical prostatectomy, Mod Pathol, 28, 128, 10.1038/modpathol.2014.85
Potters, 2010, Postoperative nomogram predicting the 9-year probability of prostate cancer recurrence after permanent prostate brachytherapy using radiation dose as a prognostic variable, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 76, 1061, 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.03.031
Haraldsdottir, 2014, Prostate cancer incidence in males with Lynch syndrome, Genet Med, 16, 553, 10.1038/gim.2013.193
Shore, 2016, Efficacy and safety of enzalutamide versus bicalutamide for patients with metastatic prostate cancer (TERRAIN): a randomised, double-blind, phase 2 study, Lancet Oncol, 17, 153, 10.1016/S1470-2045(15)00518-5
Cuzick, 2013, Prognostic value of PTEN loss in men with conservatively managed localised prostate cancer, Br J Cancer, 108, 2582, 10.1038/bjc.2013.248
D’Amico, 2002, Determinants of prostate cancer-specific survival after radiation therapy for patients with clinically localized prostate cancer, J Clin Oncol, 20, 4567, 10.1200/JCO.2002.03.061
Abida, Analysis of the prevalence of microsatellite instability in prostate cancer and response to immune checkpoint blockade [published online December 27, 2018], JAMA Oncol.
Sarantopoulos, 2017, Safety and pharmacokinetics of cabazitaxel in patients with hepatic impairment: a phase I dose-escalation study, Cancer Chemother Pharmacol, 79, 339, 10.1007/s00280-016-3210-8
Wong, 2015, Evaluation of models predicting insignificant prostate cancer to select men for active surveillance of prostate cancer, Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis, 18, 137, 10.1038/pcan.2015.1
Goldwater, 2017, Comparison of a novel formulation of abiraterone acetate vs The originator formulation in healthy male subjects: two randomized, open-label, crossover studies, Clin Pharmacokinet, 56, 803, 10.1007/s40262-017-0536-2
Dearnaley, 1999, Comparison of radiation side-effects of conformal and conventional radiotherapy in prostate cancer: a randomised trial, Lancet, 353, 267, 10.1016/S0140-6736(98)05180-0
Chi, 2018, Patient-reported outcomes following abiraterone acetate plus prednisone added to androgen deprivation therapy in patients with newly diagnosed metastatic castration-naive prostate cancer (LATITUDE): an international, randomised phase 3 trial, Lancet Oncol, 19, 194, 10.1016/S1470-2045(17)30911-7
Mathieu, 2017, Prognostic value of the new Grade Groups in Prostate Cancer: a multi-institutional European validation study, Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis, 20, 197, 10.1038/pcan.2016.66
Loblaw, 2007, Initial hormonal management of androgen-sensitive metastatic, recurrent, or progressive prostate cancer: 2006 update of an American Society of Clinical Oncology practice guideline, J Clin Oncol, 25, 1596, 10.1200/JCO.2006.10.1949
Fizazi, 2011, Denosumab versus zoledronic acid for treatment of bone metastases in men with castration-resistant prostate cancer: a randomised, double-blind study, Lancet, 377, 813, 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)62344-6
Hayes, 2013, OMICS-based personalized oncology: if it is worth doing, it is worth doing well!, BMC Med, 11, 221, 10.1186/1741-7015-11-221
James, 2016, Addition of docetaxel, zoledronic acid, or both to first-line long-term hormone therapy in prostate cancer (STAMPEDE): survival results from an adaptive, multiarm, multistage, platform randomised controlled trial, Lancet, 387, 1163, 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)01037-5
Turo, 2014, Diethylstilboestrol for the treatment of prostate cancer: past, present and future, Scand J Urol, 48, 4, 10.3109/21681805.2013.861508
Kirchhoff, 2004, BRCA mutations and risk of prostate cancer in Ashkenazi Jews, Clin Cancer Res, 10, 2918, 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-03-0604
Karnes, 2018, Validation of a genomic risk classifier to predict prostate cancer-specific mortality in men with adverse pathologic features, Eur Urol, 73, 168, 10.1016/j.eururo.2017.03.036
Fizazi, 2014, Effect of enzalutamide on time to first skeletal-related event, pain, and quality of life in men with castration-resistant prostate cancer: results from the randomised, phase 3 AFFIRM trial, Lancet Oncol, 15, 1147, 10.1016/S1470-2045(14)70303-1
Kellokumpu-Lehtinen, 2013, 2-Weekly versus 3-weekly docetaxel to treat castration-resistant advanced prostate cancer: a randomised, phase 3 trial, Lancet Oncol, 14, 117, 10.1016/S1470-2045(12)70537-5
Struewing, 1997, The risk of cancer associated with specific mutations of BRCA1 and BRCA2 among Ashkenazi Jews, N Engl J Med, 336, 1401, 10.1056/NEJM199705153362001
Cuzick, 2015, Validation of an RNA cell cycle progression score for predicting death from prostate cancer in a conservatively managed needle biopsy cohort, Br J Cancer, 113, 382, 10.1038/bjc.2015.223
Zavaski, 2016, Differences in prostate-specific antigen testing among urologists and primary care physicians following the 2012 USPSTF recommendations, JAMA Intern Med, 176, 546, 10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.7901
Pompe, 2017, Population-based validation of the 2014 ISUP Gleason grade groups in patients treated with radical prostatectomy, brachytherapy, external beam radiation, or no local treatment, Prostate, 77, 686, 10.1002/pros.23316
D’Amico, 2003, Surrogate end point for prostate cancer-specific mortality after radical prostatectomy or radiation therapy, J Natl Cancer Inst, 95, 1376, 10.1093/jnci/djg043
Hayes, 2013, OMICS-based personalized oncology: if it is worth doing, it is worth doing well!, BMC Med, 11, 221, 10.1186/1741-7015-11-221
Blume-Jensen, 2015, Development and clinical validation of an in situ biopsy-based multimarker assay for risk stratification in prostate cancer, Clin Cancer Res, 21, 2591, 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-14-2603
Gandaglia, 2017, Are all grade group 4 prostate cancers created equal? Implications for the applicability of the novel grade grouping, Urol Oncol, 35, 461.e7, 10.1016/j.urolonc.2017.02.012
Ondracek, 2016, Validation of the Kattan nomogram for prostate cancer recurrence after radical prostatectomy, J Natl Compr Canc Netw, 14, 1395, 10.6004/jnccn.2016.0149
Gandaglia, 2019, A novel nomogram to identify candidates for extended pelvic lymph node dissection among patients with clinically localized prostate cancer diagnosed with magnetic resonance imaging-targeted and systematic biopsies, Eur Urol, 75, 506, 10.1016/j.eururo.2018.10.012
Castro, 2019, PROREPAIR-B: a prospective cohort study of the impact of germline DNA repair mutations on the outcomes of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, J Clin Oncol, 37, 490, 10.1200/JCO.18.00358
Lecarpentier, 2017, Prediction of breast and prostate cancer risks in male BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers using polygenic risk scores, J Clin Oncol, 35, 2240, 10.1200/JCO.2016.69.4935
James, 2016, Clinical outcomes and survival following treatment of metastatic castrate-refractory prostate cancer with docetaxel alone or with strontium-89, zoledronic acid, or both: The trapeze randomized clinical trial, JAMA Oncol, 2, 493, 10.1001/jamaoncol.2015.5570
Isaacsson Velho, 2018, Intraductal/ductal histology and lymphovascular invasion are associated with germline DNA-repair gene mutations in prostate cancer, Prostate, 78, 401, 10.1002/pros.23484
Gandaglia, 2017, Development and internal validation of a novel model to identify the candidates for extended pelvic lymph node dissection in prostate cancer, Eur Urol, 72, 632, 10.1016/j.eururo.2017.03.049
Fizazi, 2012, Abiraterone acetate for treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: final overall survival analysis of the COU-AA-301 randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 study, Lancet Oncol, 13, 983, 10.1016/S1470-2045(12)70379-0
Tarassoff, 2003, Avascular necrosis of the jaws: risk factors in metastatic cancer patients, J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 61, 1238, 10.1016/j.joms.2003.09.001
Smith, 2018, Apalutamide treatment and metastasis-free survival in prostate cancer, N Engl J Med, 378, 1408, 10.1056/NEJMoa1715546
Dijkstra, 2016, The AVOCAT study: bicalutamide monotherapy versus combined bicalutamide plus dutasteride therapy for patients with locally advanced or metastatic carcinoma of the prostate-a long-term follow-up comparison and quality of life analysis, Springerplus, 5, 653, 10.1186/s40064-016-2280-8
Cooperberg, 2015, Combined value of validated clinical and genomic risk stratification tools for predicting prostate cancer mortality in a high-risk prostatectomy cohort, Eur Urol, 67, 326, 10.1016/j.eururo.2014.05.039
Giri, Inherited mutations in men undergoing multigene panel testing for prostate cancer: emerging implications for personalized prostate cancer genetic evaluation [published online May 4, 2017], JCO Precision Oncol
Castro, 2013, Germline BRCA mutations are associated with higher risk of nodal involvement, distant metastasis, and poor survival outcomes in prostate cancer, J Clin Oncol, 31, 1748, 10.1200/JCO.2012.43.1882
Lotan, 2015, PTEN loss is associated with upgrading of prostate cancer from biopsy to radical prostatectomy, Mod Pathol, 28, 128, 10.1038/modpathol.2014.85
Jansson, 2018, Concordance of non-low-risk disease among pairs of brothers with prostate cancer, J Clin Oncol, 36, 1847, 10.1200/JCO.2017.76.6907
Reid, 2010, Significant and sustained antitumor activity in post-docetaxel, castration-resistant prostate cancer with the CYP17 inhibitor abiraterone acetate, J Clin Oncol, 28, 1489, 10.1200/JCO.2009.24.6819
Scher, 2012, Increased survival with enzalutamide in prostate cancer after chemotherapy, N Engl J Med, 367, 1187, 10.1056/NEJMoa1207506
Schulze, 1990, Influence of different types of antiandrogens on luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue-induced testosterone surge in patients with metastatic carcinoma of the prostate, J Urol, 144, 934, 10.1016/S0022-5347(17)39625-8
Robinson, 2015, Integrative clinical genomics of advanced prostate cancer, Cell, 161, 1215, 10.1016/j.cell.2015.05.001
Mitra, 2008, Prostate cancer in male BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers has a more aggressive phenotype, Br J Cancer, 98, 502, 10.1038/sj.bjc.6604132
Van Den Eeden, 2018, A biopsy-based 17-gene genomic prostate score as a predictor of metastases and prostate cancer death in surgically treated men with clinically localized disease, Eur Urol, 73, 129, 10.1016/j.eururo.2017.09.013
Kohler, 2015, Annual report to the nation on the status of cancer, 1975-2011, featuring incidence of breast cancer subtypes by race/ethnicity, poverty, and state, J Natl Cancer Inst, 107, djv048, 10.1093/jnci/djv048
Epstein, 2016, A contemporary prostate cancer grading system: a validated alternative to the Gleason score, Eur Urol, 69, 428, 10.1016/j.eururo.2015.06.046
Cheng, 2016, Biallelic inactivation of BRCA2 in platinum-sensitive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, Eur Urol, 69, 992, 10.1016/j.eururo.2015.11.022
Jansson, 2018, Concordance of non-low-risk disease among pairs of brothers with prostate cancer, J Clin Oncol, 36, 1847, 10.1200/JCO.2017.76.6907
Punnen, 2014, Multi-institutional validation of the CAPRA-S score to predict disease recurrence and mortality after radical prostatectomy, Eur Urol, 65, 1171, 10.1016/j.eururo.2013.03.058
Stephenson, 2009, Prostate cancer-specific mortality after radical prostatectomy for patients treated in the prostate-specific antigen era, J Clin Oncol, 27, 4300, 10.1200/JCO.2008.18.2501
D’Amico, 2002, Determinants of prostate cancer-specific survival after radiation therapy for patients with clinically localized prostate cancer, J Clin Oncol, 20, 4567, 10.1200/JCO.2002.03.061
Samson, 2002, Systematic review and meta-analysis of monotherapy compared with combined androgen blockade for patients with advanced prostate carcinoma, Cancer, 95, 361, 10.1002/cncr.10647
McLeod, 2006, Bicalutamide 150 mg plus standard care vs standard care alone for early prostate cancer, BJU Int, 97, 247, 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2005.06051.x
Freedland, 2016, Utilization of a genomic classifier for prediction of metastasis following salvage radiation therapy after radical prostatectomy, Eur Urol, 70, 588, 10.1016/j.eururo.2016.01.008
Fisher, 2013, Prognostic value of Ki-67 for prostate cancer death in a conservatively managed cohort, Br J Cancer, 108, 271, 10.1038/bjc.2012.598
Li, 2004, Ki-67 staining index predicts distant metastasis and survival in locally advanced prostate cancer treated with radiotherapy: an analysis of patients in radiation therapy oncology group protocol 86-10, Clin Cancer Res, 10, 4118, 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-1052-03
Petrylak, 2004, Docetaxel and estramustine compared with mitoxantrone and prednisone for advanced refractory prostate cancer, N Engl J Med, 351, 1513, 10.1056/NEJMoa041318
Szmulewitz, 2018, Prospective international randomized phase II study of low-dose abiraterone with food versus standard dose abiraterone in castration-resistant prostate cancer, J Clin Oncol, 36, 1389, 10.1200/JCO.2017.76.4381
Ewing, 2012, Germline mutations in HOXB13 and prostate-cancer risk, N Engl J Med, 366, 141, 10.1056/NEJMoa1110000
Ondracek, 2016, Validation of the Kattan nomogram for prostate cancer recurrence after radical prostatectomy, J Natl Compr Canc Netw, 14, 1395, 10.6004/jnccn.2016.0149
Punnen, 2014, Multi-institutional validation of the CAPRA-S score to predict disease recurrence and mortality after radical prostatectomy, Eur Urol, 65, 1171, 10.1016/j.eururo.2013.03.058
Albright, 2015, Prostate cancer risk prediction based on complete prostate cancer family history, Prostate, 75, 390, 10.1002/pros.22925
Kattan, 1999, Postoperative nomogram for disease recurrence after radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer, J Clin Oncol, 17, 1499, 10.1200/JCO.1999.17.5.1499
Spratt, 2018, Development and validation of a novel integrated clinical-genomic risk group classification for localized prostate cancer, J Clin Oncol, 36, 581, 10.1200/JCO.2017.74.2940
Barocas, 2015, Effect of the USPSTF grade D recommendation against screening for prostate cancer on incident prostate cancer diagnoses in the United States, J Urol, 194, 1587, 10.1016/j.juro.2015.06.075
Bishoff, 2014, Prognostic utility of the cell cycle progression score generated from biopsy in men treated with prostatectomy, J Urol, 192, 409, 10.1016/j.juro.2014.02.003
Mitra, 2008, Prostate cancer in male BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers has a more aggressive phenotype, Br J Cancer, 98, 502, 10.1038/sj.bjc.6604132
Zhou, 2018, High-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, PIN-like carcinoma, ductal carcinoma, and intraductal carcinoma of the prostate, Mod Pathol, 31, S71, 10.1038/modpathol.2017.138
Freedland, 2016, Utilization of a genomic classifier for prediction of metastasis following salvage radiation therapy after radical prostatectomy, Eur Urol, 70, 588, 10.1016/j.eururo.2016.01.008
Wu, 2018, A comprehensive evaluation of CHEK2 germline mutations in men with prostate cancer, Prostate, 78, 607, 10.1002/pros.23505
Li, 2004, Ki-67 staining index predicts distant metastasis and survival in locally advanced prostate cancer treated with radiotherapy: an analysis of patients in radiation therapy oncology group protocol 86-10, Clin Cancer Res, 10, 4118, 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-1052-03
Khor, 2009, MDM2 and Ki-67 predict for distant metastasis and mortality in men treated with radiotherapy and androgen deprivation for prostate cancer: RTOG 92-02, J Clin Oncol, 27, 3177, 10.1200/JCO.2008.19.8267
Penson, 2016, Enzalutamide versus bicalutamide in castration-resistant prostate cancer: the STRIVE trial, J Clin Oncol, 34, 2098, 10.1200/JCO.2015.64.9285
Castro, 2019, PROREPAIR-B: a prospective cohort study of the impact of germline DNA repair mutations on the outcomes of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, J Clin Oncol, 37, 490, 10.1200/JCO.18.00358
Gandaglia, 2017, Development and internal validation of a novel model to identify the candidates for extended pelvic lymph node dissection in prostate cancer, Eur Urol, 72, 632, 10.1016/j.eururo.2017.03.049
Näslund-Koch, 2016, Increased risk for other cancers in addition to breast cancer for CHEK2*1100delC heterozygotes estimated from the Copenhagen General Population Study, J Clin Oncol, 34, 1208, 10.1200/JCO.2015.63.3594
Moran, 2012, Risk of cancer other than breast or ovarian in individuals with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations, Fam Cancer, 11, 235, 10.1007/s10689-011-9506-2
Sweeney, 2015, Chemohormonal therapy in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer, N Engl J Med, 373, 737, 10.1056/NEJMoa1503747
Mersch, 2015, Cancers associated with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations other than breast and ovarian, Cancer, 121, 269, 10.1002/cncr.29041
Dell’Oglio, 2016, Predicting survival of men with recurrent prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy, Eur J Cancer, 54, 27, 10.1016/j.ejca.2015.11.004
Zhao, 2016, Development and validation of a 24-gene predictor of response to postoperative radiotherapy in prostate cancer: a matched, retrospective analysis, Lancet Oncol, 17, 1612, 10.1016/S1470-2045(16)30491-0
Na, 2017, Germline mutations in ATM and BRCA1/2 distinguish risk for lethal and indolent prostate cancer and are associated with early age at death, Eur Urol, 71, 740, 10.1016/j.eururo.2016.11.033
Fizazi, 2015, Androgen deprivation therapy plus docetaxel and estramustine versus androgen deprivation therapy alone for high-risk localised prostate cancer (GETUG 12): a phase 3 randomised controlled trial, Lancet Oncol, 16, 787, 10.1016/S1470-2045(15)00011-X
Cuzick, 2015, Validation of an RNA cell cycle progression score for predicting death from prostate cancer in a conservatively managed needle biopsy cohort, Br J Cancer, 113, 382, 10.1038/bjc.2015.223
Maurice, 2015, Contemporary nationwide patterns of active surveillance use for prostate cancer, JAMA Intern Med, 175, 1569, 10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.2835
Graefen, 2001, A validated strategy for side specific prediction of organ confined prostate cancer: a tool to select for nerve sparing radical prostatectomy, J Urol, 165, 857, 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)66544-5
Nicolosi, Prevalence of germline variants in prostate cancer and implications for current genetic testing guidelines [published online February 7, 2019], JAMA Oncol
Kearns, 2018, PSA screening, prostate biopsy, and treatment of prostate cancer in the years surrounding the USPSTF recommendation against prostate cancer screening, Cancer, 124, 2733, 10.1002/cncr.31337
Mateo, 2015, DNA-repair defects and olaparib in metastatic prostate cancer, N Engl J Med, 373, 1697, 10.1056/NEJMoa1506859
Barocas, 2015, Effect of the USPSTF grade D recommendation against screening for prostate cancer on incident prostate cancer diagnoses in the United States, J Urol, 194, 1587, 10.1016/j.juro.2015.06.075
Zelefsky, 2007, Pretreatment nomogram predicting ten-year biochemical outcome of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy and intensity-modulated radiotherapy for prostate cancer, Urology, 70, 283, 10.1016/j.urology.2007.03.060
Spratt, 2017, Individual patient-level meta-analysis of the performance of the Decipher genomic classifier in high-risk men after prostatectomy to predict development of metastatic disease, J Clin Oncol, 35, 1991, 10.1200/JCO.2016.70.2811
Bahl, 2013, Impact of cabazitaxel on 2-year survival and palliation of tumour-related pain in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer treated in the TROPIC trial, Ann Oncol, 24, 2402, 10.1093/annonc/mdt194
Fizazi, 2011, Denosumab versus zoledronic acid for treatment of bone metastases in men with castration-resistant prostate cancer: a randomised, double-blind study, Lancet, 377, 813, 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)62344-6
Epstein, 2016, The 2014 International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) consensus conference on Gleason grading of prostatic carcinoma: definition of grading patterns and proposal for a new grading system, Am J Surg Pathol, 40, 244, 10.1097/PAS.0000000000000530
Steuber, 2006, Validation of a nomogram for prediction of side specific extracapsular extension at radical prostatectomy, J Urol, 175, 939, 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)00342-3
Graff, 2016, Early evidence of anti-PD-1 activity in enzalutamide-resistant prostate cancer, Oncotarget, 7, 52810, 10.18632/oncotarget.10547
Erkko, 2007, A recurrent mutation in PALB2 in Finnish cancer families, Nature, 446, 316, 10.1038/nature05609
Albright, 2015, Prostate cancer risk prediction based on complete prostate cancer family history, Prostate, 75, 390, 10.1002/pros.22925
Cagiannos, 2003, A preoperative nomogram identifying decreased risk of positive pelvic lymph nodes in patients with prostate cancer, J Urol, 170, 1798, 10.1097/01.ju.0000091805.98960.13
Reese, 2012, Contemporary evaluation of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network prostate cancer risk classification system, Urology, 80, 1075, 10.1016/j.urology.2012.07.040
Eggener, 2019, A 17-gene panel for prediction of adverse prostate cancer pathologic features: Prospective clinical validation and utility, Urology, 126, 76, 10.1016/j.urology.2018.11.050
Chua, 2017, A prostate cancer “nimbosus”: genomic instability and SChLAP1 dysregulation underpin aggression of intraductal and cribriform subpathologies, Eur Urol, 72, 665, 10.1016/j.eururo.2017.04.034
Potters, 2008, 12-year outcomes following permanent prostate brachytherapy in patients with clinically localized prostate cancer, J Urol, 179, S20, 10.1016/j.juro.2008.03.133
Tosoian, 2017, Prognostic utility of biopsy-derived cell cycle progression score in patients with National Comprehensive Cancer Network low-risk prostate cancer undergoing radical prostatectomy: implications for treatment guidance, BJU Int, 120, 808, 10.1111/bju.13911
Kattan, 2001, Pretreatment nomogram for predicting freedom from recurrence after permanent prostate brachytherapy in prostate cancer, Urology, 58, 393, 10.1016/S0090-4295(01)01233-X
Isaacsson Velho, 2018, Intraductal/ductal histology and lymphovascular invasion are associated with germline DNA-repair gene mutations in prostate cancer, Prostate, 78, 401, 10.1002/pros.23484
Antonarakis, 2018, Germline DNA-repair gene mutations and outcomes in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer receiving first-line abiraterone and enzalutamide, Eur Urol, 74, 218, 10.1016/j.eururo.2018.01.035
Ford, 1994, Risks of cancer in BRCA1-mutation carriers, Lancet, 343, 692, 10.1016/S0140-6736(94)91578-4
Trachtenberg, 2002, A phase 3, multicenter, open label, randomized study of abarelix versus leuprolide plus daily antiandrogen in men with prostate cancer, J Urol, 167, 1670, 10.1097/00005392-200204000-00021
Klein, 2017, Molecular analysis of low grade prostate cancer using a genomic classifier of metastatic potential, J Urol, 197, 122, 10.1016/j.juro.2016.08.091
Attard, 2010, Abiraterone acetate is well tolerated without concomitant use of corticosteroids, J Clin Oncol, 28, e560, 10.1200/JCO.2010.29.5170
Mateo, 2018, Clinical outcome of prostate cancer patients with germline DNA repair mutations: Retrospective analysis from an international study, Eur Urol, 73, 687, 10.1016/j.eururo.2018.01.010
Brand, 2016, Patient-specific meta-analysis of 2 clinical validation studies to predict pathologic outcomes in prostate cancer using the 17-gene genomic prostate score, Urology, 89, 69, 10.1016/j.urology.2015.12.008
Kyriakopoulos, 2018, Chemohormonal therapy in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer: Long-term survival analysis of the randomized phase III E3805 CHAARTED trial, J Clin Oncol, 36, 1080, 10.1200/JCO.2017.75.3657
Tannock, 2004, Docetaxel plus prednisone or mitoxantrone plus prednisone for advanced prostate cancer, N Engl J Med, 351, 1502, 10.1056/NEJMoa040720
Sinnott, 2017, Prognostic utility of a new mRNA expression signature of Gleason score, Clin Cancer Res, 23, 81, 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-16-1245
Meisel, 2016, Severe neutropenia during cabazitaxel treatment is associated with survival benefit in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC): a post-hoc analysis of the TROPIC phase III trial, Eur J Cancer, 56, 93, 10.1016/j.ejca.2015.12.009
Verhoven, 2013, Ki-67 is an independent predictor of metastasis and cause-specific mortality for prostate cancer patients treated on Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 94-08, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 86, 317, 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.01.016
Na, 2017, Germline mutations in ATM and BRCA1/2 distinguish risk for lethal and indolent prostate cancer and are associated with early age at death, Eur Urol, 71, 740, 10.1016/j.eururo.2016.11.033
Moyer, 2012, Screening for prostate cancer: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement, Ann Intern Med, 157, 120, 10.7326/0003-4819-157-2-201207170-00459
Clarke, 2018, Olaparib combined with abiraterone in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial, Lancet Oncol, 19, 975, 10.1016/S1470-2045(18)30365-6
Ockrim, 2003, Transdermal estradiol therapy for advanced prostate cancer--forward to the past?, J Urol, 169, 1735, 10.1097/01.ju.0000061024.75334.40
Stephenson, 2009, Prostate cancer-specific mortality after radical prostatectomy for patients treated in the prostate-specific antigen era, J Clin Oncol, 27, 4300, 10.1200/JCO.2008.18.2501
Struewing, 1997, The risk of cancer associated with specific mutations of BRCA1 and BRCA2 among Ashkenazi Jews, N Engl J Med, 336, 1401, 10.1056/NEJM199705153362001
Dinh, 2015, Incidence and predictors of upgrading and up staging among 10,000 contemporary patients with low risk prostate cancer, J Urol, 194, 343, 10.1016/j.juro.2015.02.015
Klein, 2017, Molecular analysis of low grade prostate cancer using a genomic classifier of metastatic potential, J Urol, 197, 122, 10.1016/j.juro.2016.08.091
Steuber, 2006, Validation of a nomogram for prediction of side specific extracapsular extension at radical prostatectomy, J Urol, 175, 939, 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)00342-3
Womble, 2015, Contemporary use of initial active surveillance among men in Michigan with low-risk prostate cancer, Eur Urol, 67, 44, 10.1016/j.eururo.2014.08.024
Freedland, 2013, Prognostic utility of cell cycle progression score in men with prostate cancer after primary external beam radiation therapy, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 86, 848, 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.04.043
Hager, 2016, Anti-tumour activity of platinum compounds in advanced prostate cancer-a systematic literature review, Ann Oncol, 27, 975, 10.1093/annonc/mdw156
Agalliu, 2009, Associations of high-grade prostate cancer with BRCA1 and BRCA2 founder mutations, Clin Cancer Res, 15, 1112, 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-08-1822
Kelly, 2017, Past, current, and future incidence rates and burden of metastatic prostate cancer in the United States, Eur Urol Focus, 71, 195, 10.1016/j.eururo.2016.05.011
Le, 2017, Mismatch repair deficiency predicts response of solid tumors to PD-1 blockade, Science, 357, 409, 10.1126/science.aan6733
Muralidhar, 2015, Definition and validation of “favorable high-risk prostate cancer”: implications for personalizing treatment of radiation-managed patients, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 93, 828, 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2015.07.2281
Leongamornlert, 2012, Germline BRCA1 mutations increase prostate cancer risk, Br J Cancer, 106, 1697, 10.1038/bjc.2012.146
Troyer, 2015, A multicenter study shows PTEN deletion is strongly associated with seminal vesicle involvement and extracapsular extension in localized prostate cancer, Prostate, 75, 1206, 10.1002/pros.23003
Fizazi, 2017, Abiraterone plus prednisone in metastatic, castration-sensitive prostate cancer, N Engl J Med, 377, 352, 10.1056/NEJMoa1704174
Ryan, 2015, Abiraterone acetate plus prednisone versus placebo plus prednisone in chemotherapy-naive men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (COU-AA-302): final overall survival analysis of a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 study, Lancet Oncol, 16, 152, 10.1016/S1470-2045(14)71205-7
Erkko, 2007, A recurrent mutation in PALB2 in Finnish cancer families, Nature, 446, 316, 10.1038/nature05609
Antonarakis, 2018, Germline DNA-repair gene mutations and outcomes in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer receiving first-line abiraterone and enzalutamide, Eur Urol, 74, 218, 10.1016/j.eururo.2018.01.035
Drazer, 2015, National prostate cancer screening rates after the 2012 US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation discouraging prostate-specific antigen-based screening, J Clin Oncol, 33, 2416, 10.1200/JCO.2015.61.6532
Cullen, 2015, A biopsy-based 17-gene genomic prostate score predicts recurrence after radical prostatectomy and adverse surgical pathology in a racially diverse population of men with clinically low- and intermediate-risk prostate cancer, Eur Urol, 68, 123, 10.1016/j.eururo.2014.11.030
Briganti, 2007, A nomogram for staging of exclusive nonobturator lymph node metastases in men with localized prostate cancer, Eur Urol, 51, 112, 10.1016/j.eururo.2006.05.045
Schweizer, 2016, Mismatch repair deficiency may be common in ductal adenocarcinoma of the prostate, Oncotarget, 7, 82504, 10.18632/oncotarget.12697
USPSTF, 2018, cancer Screening The US Preventive Services Task Force Available at https www uspreventiveservicestaskforce org Page Document UpdateSummaryFinal prostate cancer screening ds s prostate Accessed, Prostate, 15, 1
Hager, 2016, Anti-tumour activity of platinum compounds in advanced prostate cancer-a systematic literature review, Ann Oncol, 27, 975, 10.1093/annonc/mdw156
Saad, 2004, Long-term efficacy of zoledronic acid for the prevention of skeletal complications in patients with metastatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer, J Natl Cancer Inst, 96, 879, 10.1093/jnci/djh141
Duchesne, 2016, Timing of androgen-deprivation therapy in patients with prostate cancer with a rising PSA (TROG 03.06 and VCOG PR 01-03 [TOAD]): a randomised, multicentre, non-blinded, phase 3 trial, Lancet Oncol, 17, 727, 10.1016/S1470-2045(16)00107-8
Kaufman, 2015, Olaparib monotherapy in patients with advanced cancer and a germline BRCA1/2 mutation, J Clin Oncol, 33, 244, 10.1200/JCO.2014.56.2728
Oh, 2004, Prospective, multicenter, randomized phase II trial of the herbal supplement, PC-SPES, and diethylstilbestrol in patients with androgen-independent prostate cancer, J Clin Oncol, 22, 3705, 10.1200/JCO.2004.10.195
Epstein, 2016, A contemporary prostate cancer grading system: a validated alternative to the Gleason score, Eur Urol, 69, 428, 10.1016/j.eururo.2015.06.046
Verhoven, 2013, Ki-67 is an independent predictor of metastasis and cause-specific mortality for prostate cancer patients treated on Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 94-08, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 86, 317, 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.01.016
Van Den Eeden, 2018, A biopsy-based 17-gene genomic prostate score as a predictor of metastases and prostate cancer death in surgically treated men with clinically localized disease, Eur Urol, 73, 129, 10.1016/j.eururo.2017.09.013
Le, 2017, Mismatch repair deficiency predicts response of solid tumors to PD-1 blockade, Science, 357, 409, 10.1126/science.aan6733
Lotan, 2016, Analytic validation of a clinical-grade PTEN immunohistochemistry assay in prostate cancer by comparison with PTEN FISH, Mod Pathol, 29, 904, 10.1038/modpathol.2016.88
Ewing, 2012, Germline mutations in HOXB13 and prostate-cancer risk, N Engl J Med, 366, 141, 10.1056/NEJMoa1110000
McLeod, 2006, The bicalutamide 150 mg early prostate cancer program: findings of the North American trial at 7.7-year median followup, J Urol, 176, 75, 10.1016/S0022-5347(06)00495-2
Thorne, 2011, Decreased prostate cancer-specific survival of men with BRCA2 mutations from multiple breast cancer families, Cancer Prev Res (Phila), 4, 1002, 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-10-0397
Khor, 2009, MDM2 and Ki-67 predict for distant metastasis and mortality in men treated with radiotherapy and androgen deprivation for prostate cancer: RTOG 92-02, J Clin Oncol, 27, 3177, 10.1200/JCO.2008.19.8267
Potters, 2008, 12-year outcomes following permanent prostate brachytherapy in patients with clinically localized prostate cancer, J Urol, 179, S20, 10.1016/j.juro.2008.03.133
Kim, Validation of the Decipher Test for predicting adverse pathology in candidates for prostate cancer active surveillance [published online December 12, 2018], Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis.
Böttcher, 2018, Cribriform and intraductal prostate cancer are associated with increased genomic instability and distinct genomic alterations, BMC Cancer, 18, 8, 10.1186/s12885-017-3976-z
Hu, Clinical utility of gene expression classifiers in men with newly diagnosed prostate cancer [published online, October 19, 2018], JCO Precis Oncol
Antonarakis, 2019, Clinical features and therapeutic outcomes in men with advanced prostate cancer and DNA mismatch repair gene mutations, Eur Urol, 75, 378, 10.1016/j.eururo.2018.10.009
Etzioni, 2016, Recent trends in PSA testing and prostate cancer incidence: a look at context, JAMA Oncol, 2, 955, 10.1001/jamaoncol.2015.6310
Freedland, 2013, Prognostic utility of cell cycle progression score in men with prostate cancer after primary external beam radiation therapy, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 86, 848, 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.04.043
Gallagher, 2010, Germline BRCA mutations denote a clinicopathologic subset of prostate cancer, Clin Cancer Res, 16, 2115, 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-09-2871
Lu-Yao, 2014, Fifteen-year survival outcomes following primary androgen-deprivation therapy for localized prostate cancer, JAMA Intern Med, 174, 1460, 10.1001/jamainternmed.2014.3028
Goldwater, 2017, Comparison of a novel formulation of abiraterone acetate vs The originator formulation in healthy male subjects: two randomized, open-label, crossover studies, Clin Pharmacokinet, 56, 803, 10.1007/s40262-017-0536-2
Attard, 2009, Selective inhibition of CYP17 with abiraterone acetate is highly active in the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer, J Clin Oncol, 27, 3742, 10.1200/JCO.2008.20.0642
Spratt, 2017, Individual patient-level meta-analysis of the performance of the Decipher genomic classifier in high-risk men after prostatectomy to predict development of metastatic disease, J Clin Oncol, 35, 1991, 10.1200/JCO.2016.70.2811
Womble, 2015, Contemporary use of initial active surveillance among men in Michigan with low-risk prostate cancer, Eur Urol, 67, 44, 10.1016/j.eururo.2014.08.024
Hussaini, 2017, Impact of an alternative steroid on the relative bioavailability and bioequivalence of a novel versus the originator formulation of abiraterone acetate, Cancer Chemother Pharmacol, 80, 479, 10.1007/s00280-017-3360-3
Tomlins, 2015, Characterization of 1577 primary prostate cancers reveals novel biological and clinicopathologic insights into molecular subtypes, Eur Urol, 68, 555, 10.1016/j.eururo.2015.04.033
Abdollah, 2014, Predicting survival of patients with node-positive prostate cancer following multimodal treatment, Eur Urol, 65, 554, 10.1016/j.eururo.2013.09.025
Labrie, 1987, Flutamide eliminates the risk of disease flare in prostatic cancer patients treated with a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist, J Urol, 138, 804, 10.1016/S0022-5347(17)43380-5
Szmulewitz, 2018, Prospective international randomized phase II study of low-dose abiraterone with food versus standard dose abiraterone in castration-resistant prostate cancer, J Clin Oncol, 36, 1389, 10.1200/JCO.2017.76.4381
Saad, 2002, A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of zoledronic acid in patients with hormone-refractory metastatic prostate carcinoma, J Natl Cancer Inst, 94, 1458, 10.1093/jnci/94.19.1458
Agalliu, 2009, Associations of high-grade prostate cancer with BRCA1 and BRCA2 founder mutations, Clin Cancer Res, 15, 1112, 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-08-1822
Kattan, 2001, Pretreatment nomogram for predicting freedom from recurrence after permanent prostate brachytherapy in prostate cancer, Urology, 58, 393, 10.1016/S0090-4295(01)01233-X
Hayes, 2013, From genome to bedside: are we lost in translation?, Breast, 22, S22, 10.1016/j.breast.2013.07.004
Erho, 2013, Discovery and validation of a prostate cancer genomic classifier that predicts early metastasis following radical prostatectomy, PLoS One, 8, e66855, 10.1371/journal.pone.0066855
Klein, 2015, A genomic classifier improves prediction of metastatic disease within 5 years after surgery in node-negative high-risk prostate cancer patients managed by radical prostatectomy without adjuvant therapy, Eur Urol, 67, 778, 10.1016/j.eururo.2014.10.036
de Bono, 2010, Prednisone plus cabazitaxel or mitoxantrone for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer progressing after docetaxel treatment: a randomised open-label trial, Lancet, 376, 1147, 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61389-X
Den, 2014, Genomic prostate cancer classifier predicts biochemical failure and metastases in patients after postoperative radiation therapy, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 89, 1038, 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.04.052
Fedewa, 2017, Recent patterns of prostate-specific antigen testing for prostate cancer screening in the United States, JAMA Intern Med, 177, 1040, 10.1001/jamainternmed.2017.0340
Dell’Oglio, 2016, Predicting survival of men with recurrent prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy, Eur J Cancer, 54, 27, 10.1016/j.ejca.2015.11.004
Den, 2015, Genomic classifier identifies men with adverse pathology after radical prostatectomy who benefit from adjuvant radiation therapy, J Clin Oncol, 33, 944, 10.1200/JCO.2014.59.0026
Prensner, 2014, RNA biomarkers associated with metastatic progression in prostate cancer: a multi-institutional high-throughput analysis of SChLAP1, Lancet Oncol, 15, 1469, 10.1016/S1470-2045(14)71113-1
Fedewa, 2017, Recent patterns of prostate-specific antigen testing for prostate cancer screening in the United States, JAMA Intern Med, 177, 1040, 10.1001/jamainternmed.2017.0340
Bratt, 2016, Family history and probability of prostate cancer, differentiated by risk category: a nationwide population-based study, J Natl Cancer Inst, 108, 10.1093/jnci/djw110
Duchesne, 2017, Health-related quality of life for immediate versus delayed androgen-deprivation therapy in patients with asymptomatic, non-curable prostate cancer (TROG 03.06 and VCOG PR 01-03 [TOAD]): a randomised, multicentre, non-blinded, phase 3 trial, Lancet Oncol, 18, 1192, 10.1016/S1470-2045(17)30426-6
Rosenthal, Effect of chemotherapy with docetaxel with androgen suppression and radiotherapy for localized high-risk prostate cancer: the randomized phase III NRG Oncology RTOG 0521 trial [published online March 12, 2019], J Clin Oncol.
Thompson, 2002, Cancer incidence in BRCA1 mutation carriers, J Natl Cancer Inst, 94, 1358, 10.1093/jnci/94.18.1358
Leapman, 2017, Application of a prognostic Gleason grade grouping system to assess distant prostate cancer outcomes, Eur Urol, 71, 750, 10.1016/j.eururo.2016.11.032
Leongamornlert, 2012, Germline BRCA1 mutations increase prostate cancer risk, Br J Cancer, 106, 1697, 10.1038/bjc.2012.146
Zhou, 2018, High-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, PIN-like carcinoma, ductal carcinoma, and intraductal carcinoma of the prostate, Mod Pathol, 31, S71, 10.1038/modpathol.2017.138
Saad, 2018, Effect of apalutamide on health-related quality of life in patients with non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: an analysis of the SPARTAN randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial, Lancet Oncol, 19, 1404, 10.1016/S1470-2045(18)30456-X
Cooperberg, 2013, Validation of a cell-cycle progression gene panel to improve risk stratification in a contemporary prostatectomy cohort, J Clin Oncol, 31, 1428, 10.1200/JCO.2012.46.4396
Berthold, 2008, Docetaxel plus prednisone or mitoxantrone plus prednisone for advanced prostate cancer: updated survival in the TAX 327 study, J Clin Oncol, 26, 242, 10.1200/JCO.2007.12.4008
Eisenberger, 2017, Phase III study comparing a reduced dose of cabazitaxel (20 mg/m(2)) and the currently approved dose (25 mg/m(2)) in postdocetaxel patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer-PROSELICA, J Clin Oncol, 35, 3198, 10.1200/JCO.2016.72.1076
Robinson, 2015, Integrative clinical genomics of advanced prostate cancer, Cell, 161, 1215, 10.1016/j.cell.2015.05.001
Antonarakis, 2019, Clinical features and therapeutic outcomes in men with advanced prostate cancer and DNA mismatch repair gene mutations, Eur Urol, 75, 378, 10.1016/j.eururo.2018.10.009
Karnes, 2018, Validation of a genomic risk classifier to predict prostate cancer-specific mortality in men with adverse pathologic features, Eur Urol, 73, 168, 10.1016/j.eururo.2017.03.036
Sun, 2016, Comparison of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists and orchiectomy: effects of androgen-deprivation therapy, JAMA Oncol, 2, 500, 10.1001/jamaoncol.2015.4917
Risbridger, 2015, Patient-derived xenografts reveal that intraductal carcinoma of the prostate is a prominent pathology in BRCA2 mutation carriers with prostate cancer and correlates with poor prognosis, Eur Urol, 67, 496, 10.1016/j.eururo.2014.08.007
James, 2017, Abiraterone for prostate cancer not previously treated with hormone therapy, N Engl J Med, 377, 338, 10.1056/NEJMoa1702900
Chua, 2017, A prostate cancer “nimbosus”: genomic instability and SChLAP1 dysregulation underpin aggression of intraductal and cribriform subpathologies, Eur Urol, 72, 665, 10.1016/j.eururo.2017.04.034
Jemal, 2015, Prostate cancer incidence and PSA testing patterns in relation to USPSTF screening recommendations, JAMA, 314, 2054, 10.1001/jama.2015.14905
Kolinsky, 2016, The ongoing challenges of targeting the androgen receptor, Eur Urol, 69, 841, 10.1016/j.eururo.2015.10.052
Den, 2014, Genomic prostate cancer classifier predicts biochemical failure and metastases in patients after postoperative radiation therapy, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 89, 1038, 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.04.052
Hansen, 2018, Pembrolizumab for advanced prostate adenocarcinoma: findings of the KEYNOTE-028 study, Ann Oncol, 29, 1807, 10.1093/annonc/mdy232
Lee, 2006, Development and validation of a prognostic index for 4-year mortality in older adults, JAMA, 295, 801, 10.1001/jama.295.7.801
Stein, 2018, Randomized phase 2 therapeutic equivalence study of abiraterone acetate fine particle formulation vs originator abiraterone acetate in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: the STAAR study, Urol Oncol, 10.1016/j.urolonc.2017.10.018
Mohler, 2004, The androgen axis in recurrent prostate cancer, Clin Cancer Res, 10, 440, 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-1146-03
Maurice, 2016, Current status of prostate cancer diagnosis and management in the United States, JAMA Oncol, 2, 1505, 10.1001/jamaoncol.2016.1785
Bahl, 2013, Impact of cabazitaxel on 2-year survival and palliation of tumour-related pain in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer treated in the TROPIC trial, Ann Oncol, 24, 2402, 10.1093/annonc/mdt194
Duchesne, 2017, Health-related quality of life for immediate versus delayed androgen-deprivation therapy in patients with asymptomatic, non-curable prostate cancer (TROG 03.06 and VCOG PR 01-03 [TOAD]): a randomised, multicentre, non-blinded, phase 3 trial, Lancet Oncol, 18, 1192, 10.1016/S1470-2045(17)30426-6
Kim, Validation of the Decipher Test for predicting adverse pathology in candidates for prostate cancer active surveillance [published online December 12, 2018], Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis.
Smith, 2014, Randomized controlled trial of early zoledronic acid in men with castration-sensitive prostate cancer and bone metastases: results of CALGB 90202 (alliance), J Clin Oncol, 32, 1143, 10.1200/JCO.2013.51.6500
Ham, 2017, New prostate cancer grading system predicts long-term survival following surgery for Gleason score 8-10 prostate cancer, Eur Urol, 71, 907, 10.1016/j.eururo.2016.11.006
Kearns, 2018, PSA screening, prostate biopsy, and treatment of prostate cancer in the years surrounding the USPSTF recommendation against prostate cancer screening, Cancer, 124, 2733, 10.1002/cncr.31337
Muralidhar, 2015, Definition and validation of “favorable high-risk prostate cancer”: implications for personalizing treatment of radiation-managed patients, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 93, 828, 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2015.07.2281
Middha, Reliable pan-cancer microsatellite instability assessment by using targeted next-generation sequencing data [published online October 3, 2017], JCO Precis Oncol.
Negoita, 2018, Annual report to the nation on the status of cancer, part II: recent changes in prostate cancer trends and disease characteristics, Cancer, 124, 2801, 10.1002/cncr.31549
Kohler, 2015, Annual report to the nation on the status of cancer, 1975-2011, featuring incidence of breast cancer subtypes by race/ethnicity, poverty, and state, J Natl Cancer Inst, 107, djv048, 10.1093/jnci/djv048
Cher, 2017, Appropriateness criteria for active surveillance of prostate cancer, J Urol, 197, 67, 10.1016/j.juro.2016.07.005
Turo, 2014, Diethylstilboestrol for the treatment of prostate cancer: past, present and future, Scand J Urol, 48, 4, 10.3109/21681805.2013.861508
Cuzick, 2013, Prognostic value of PTEN loss in men with conservatively managed localised prostate cancer, Br J Cancer, 108, 2582, 10.1038/bjc.2013.248
Giri, 2019, Germline genetic testing for inherited prostate cancer in practice: implications for genetic testing, precision therapy, and cascade testing, Prostate, 10.1002/pros.23739
Mathieu, 2017, Prognostic value of the new Grade Groups in Prostate Cancer: a multi-institutional European validation study, Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis, 20, 197, 10.1038/pcan.2016.66
Lotan, 2011, PTEN protein loss by immunostaining: analytic validation and prognostic indicator for a high risk surgical cohort of prostate cancer patients, Clin Cancer Res, 17, 6563, 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-11-1244
Lotan, 2016, Analytic validation of a clinical-grade PTEN immunohistochemistry assay in prostate cancer by comparison with PTEN FISH, Mod Pathol, 29, 904, 10.1038/modpathol.2016.88
Mateo, 2018, Clinical outcome of prostate cancer patients with germline DNA repair mutations: Retrospective analysis from an international study, Eur Urol, 73, 687, 10.1016/j.eururo.2018.01.010
Dinh, 2016, Occult high-risk disease in clinically low-risk prostate cancer with ≥50% positive biopsy cores: should national guidelines stop calling them low-risk?, Urology, 87, 125, 10.1016/j.urology.2015.08.026
Small, 2004, Antiandrogen withdrawal alone or in combination with ketoconazole in androgen-independent prostate cancer patients: a phase III trial (CALGB 9583), J Clin Oncol, 22, 1025, 10.1200/JCO.2004.06.037
Eisenberger, 2017, Phase III study comparing a reduced dose of cabazitaxel (20 mg/m(2)) and the currently approved dose (25 mg/m(2)) in postdocetaxel patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer-PROSELICA, J Clin Oncol, 35, 3198, 10.1200/JCO.2016.72.1076
Giri, 2019, Germline genetic testing for inherited prostate cancer in practice: implications for genetic testing, precision therapy, and cascade testing, Prostate, 10.1002/pros.23739
Penson, 2016, Enzalutamide versus bicalutamide in castration-resistant prostate cancer: the STRIVE trial, J Clin Oncol, 34, 2098, 10.1200/JCO.2015.64.9285
Pomerantz, 2017, The association between germline BRCA2 variants and sensitivity to platinum-based chemotherapy among men with metastatic prostate cancer, Cancer, 123, 3532, 10.1002/cncr.30808
Porter, 2017, Systematic review links the prevalence of intraductal carcinoma of the prostate to prostate cancer risk categories, Eur Urol, 72, 492, 10.1016/j.eururo.2017.03.013
Zavaski, 2016, Differences in prostate-specific antigen testing among urologists and primary care physicians following the 2012 USPSTF recommendations, JAMA Intern Med, 176, 546, 10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.7901
Hempelmann, 2018, Microsatellite instability in prostate cancer by PCR or next-generation sequencing, J Immunother Cancer, 6, 29, 10.1186/s40425-018-0341-y
Loeb, 2016, Evaluation of the 2015 Gleason grade groups in a nationwide population-based cohort, Eur Urol, 69, 1135, 10.1016/j.eururo.2015.11.036
Ohori, 2004, Predicting the presence and side of extracapsular extension: a nomogram for staging prostate cancer, J Urol, 171, 1844, 10.1097/01.ju.0000121693.05077.3d
Tendulkar, 2016, Contemporary update of a multi-institutional predictive nomogram for salvage radiotherapy after radical prostatectomy, J Clin Oncol, 34, 3648, 10.1200/JCO.2016.67.9647
Seipel, 2017, Genetic profile of ductal adenocarcinoma of the prostate, Hum Pathol, 69, 1, 10.1016/j.humpath.2017.04.015
Moyer, 2012, Screening for prostate cancer: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement, Ann Intern Med, 157, 120, 10.7326/0003-4819-157-2-201207170-00459
Guedes, 2017, MSH2 loss in primary prostate cancer, Clin Cancer Res, 23, 6863, 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-17-0955
Gilbert, 2017, Quality-of-life outcomes from the Prostate Adenocarcinoma: TransCutaneous Hormones (PATCH) trial evaluating luteinising hormone-releasing hormone agonists versus transdermal oestradiol for androgen suppression in advanced prostate cancer, BJU Int, 119, 667, 10.1111/bju.13687
Fizazi, 2015, Androgen deprivation therapy plus docetaxel and estramustine versus androgen deprivation therapy alone for high-risk localised prostate cancer (GETUG 12): a phase 3 randomised controlled trial, Lancet Oncol, 16, 787, 10.1016/S1470-2045(15)00011-X
Kolinsky, 2016, The ongoing challenges of targeting the androgen receptor, Eur Urol, 69, 841, 10.1016/j.eururo.2015.10.052
van Asperen, 2005, Cancer risks in BRCA2 families: estimates for sites other than breast and ovary, J Med Genet, 42, 711, 10.1136/jmg.2004.028829
Ryan, 2015, Abiraterone acetate plus prednisone versus placebo plus prednisone in chemotherapy-naive men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (COU-AA-302): final overall survival analysis of a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 study, Lancet Oncol, 16, 152, 10.1016/S1470-2045(14)71205-7
Beer, 2014, Enzalutamide in metastatic prostate cancer before chemotherapy, N Engl J Med, 371, 424, 10.1056/NEJMoa1405095
Ross, 2014, A genomic classifier predicting metastatic disease progression in men with biochemical recurrence after prostatectomy, Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis, 17, 64, 10.1038/pcan.2013.49
Pilié, 2017, Germline genetic variants in men with prostate cancer and one or more additional cancers, Cancer, 123, 3925, 10.1002/cncr.30817
Castro, 2015, Effect of BRCA mutations on metastatic relapse and cause-specific survival after radical treatment of localised prostate cancer, Eur Urol, 68, 186, 10.1016/j.eururo.2014.10.022
Tannock, 2004, Docetaxel plus prednisone or mitoxantrone plus prednisone for advanced prostate cancer, N Engl J Med, 351, 1502, 10.1056/NEJMoa040720
Cagiannos, 2003, A preoperative nomogram identifying decreased risk of positive pelvic lymph nodes in patients with prostate cancer, J Urol, 170, 1798, 10.1097/01.ju.0000091805.98960.13
Hayes, 2013, From genome to bedside: are we lost in translation?, Breast, 22, S22, 10.1016/j.breast.2013.07.004
Potters, 2010, Postoperative nomogram predicting the 9-year probability of prostate cancer recurrence after permanent prostate brachytherapy using radiation dose as a prognostic variable, Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 76, 1061, 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.03.031
Holzbeierlein, 2004, Gene expression analysis of human prostate carcinoma during hormonal therapy identifies androgen-responsive genes and mechanisms of therapy resistance, Am J Pathol, 164, 217, 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)63112-4
Herget, 2016, Recent decline in prostate cancer incidence in the United States, by age, stage, and Gleason score, Cancer Med, 5, 136, 10.1002/cam4.549
Smith, 2014, Randomized controlled trial of early zoledronic acid in men with castration-sensitive prostate cancer and bone metastases: results of CALGB 90202 (alliance), J Clin Oncol, 32, 1143, 10.1200/JCO.2013.51.6500
Potosky, 2014, Effectiveness of primary androgen-deprivation therapy for clinically localized prostate cancer, J Clin Oncol, 32, 1324, 10.1200/JCO.2013.52.5782
Tosoian, 2017, Prediction of pathological stage based on clinical stage, serum prostate-specific antigen, and biopsy Gleason score: Partin tables in the contemporary era, BJU Int, 119, 676, 10.1111/bju.13573
Brand, 2016, Patient-specific meta-analysis of 2 clinical validation studies to predict pathologic outcomes in prostate cancer using the 17-gene genomic prostate score, Urology, 89, 69, 10.1016/j.urology.2015.12.008
Zhao, 2016, Development and validation of a 24-gene predictor of response to postoperative radiotherapy in prostate cancer: a matched, retrospective analysis, Lancet Oncol, 17, 1612, 10.1016/S1470-2045(16)30491-0
Ockrim, 2003, Transdermal estradiol therapy for advanced prostate cancer--forward to the past?, J Urol, 169, 1735, 10.1097/01.ju.0000061024.75334.40
Saad, 2004, Long-term efficacy of zoledronic acid for the prevention of skeletal complications in patients with metastatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer, J Natl Cancer Inst, 96, 879, 10.1093/jnci/djh141
Ohori, 2004, Predicting the presence and side of extracapsular extension: a nomogram for staging prostate cancer, J Urol, 171, 1844, 10.1097/01.ju.0000121693.05077.3d
Tombal, 2019, Patient-reported outcomes following enzalutamide or placebo in men with non-metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer (PROSPER): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial, Lancet Oncol, 20, 556, 10.1016/S1470-2045(18)30898-2
Cuzick, 2012, Prognostic value of a cell cycle progression signature for prostate cancer death in a conservatively managed needle biopsy cohort, Br J Cancer, 106, 1095, 10.1038/bjc.2012.39
Cooperberg, 2015, Combined value of validated clinical and genomic risk stratification tools for predicting prostate cancer mortality in a high-risk prostatectomy cohort, Eur Urol, 67, 326, 10.1016/j.eururo.2014.05.039
Scher, 2012, Increased survival with enzalutamide in prostate cancer after chemotherapy, N Engl J Med, 367, 1187, 10.1056/NEJMoa1207506
Khoo, 2005, Radiotherapeutic techniques for prostate cancer, dose escalation and brachytherapy, Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol), 17, 560, 10.1016/j.clon.2005.07.006
Tomlins, 2015, Characterization of 1577 primary prostate cancers reveals novel biological and clinicopathologic insights into molecular subtypes, Eur Urol, 68, 555, 10.1016/j.eururo.2015.04.033
Ryan, 2014, Risk of prostate cancer in Lynch syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev, 23, 437, 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-13-1165
Tendulkar, 2016, Contemporary update of a multi-institutional predictive nomogram for salvage radiotherapy after radical prostatectomy, J Clin Oncol, 34, 3648, 10.1200/JCO.2016.67.9647
Maurice, 2015, Contemporary nationwide patterns of active surveillance use for prostate cancer, JAMA Intern Med, 175, 1569, 10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.2835
Fisher, 2013, Prognostic value of Ki-67 for prostate cancer death in a conservatively managed cohort, Br J Cancer, 108, 271, 10.1038/bjc.2012.598
Ross, 2016, Tissue-based genomics augments post-prostatectomy risk stratification in a natural history cohort of intermediate- and high-risk men, Eur Urol, 69, 157, 10.1016/j.eururo.2015.05.042
Dinh, 2015, Incidence and predictors of upgrading and up staging among 10,000 contemporary patients with low risk prostate cancer, J Urol, 194, 343, 10.1016/j.juro.2015.02.015
Eggener, 2019, A 17-gene panel for prediction of adverse prostate cancer pathologic features: Prospective clinical validation and utility, Urology, 126, 76, 10.1016/j.urology.2018.11.050
Houston, 2018, Trends in prostate cancer incidence rates and prevalence of prostate-specific antigen screening by socioeconomic status and regions in the US, 2004-2013, J Urol, 199, 676, 10.1016/j.juro.2017.09.103
Makarov, 2007, Updated nomogram to predict pathologic stage of prostate cancer given prostate-specific antigen level, clinical stage, and biopsy Gleason score (Partin tables) based on cases from 2000 to 2005, Urology, 69, 1095, 10.1016/j.urology.2007.03.042
D’Amico, 2003, Surrogate end point for prostate cancer-specific mortality after radical prostatectomy or radiation therapy, J Natl Cancer Inst, 95, 1376, 10.1093/jnci/djg043
Dijkstra, 2016, The AVOCAT study: bicalutamide monotherapy versus combined bicalutamide plus dutasteride therapy for patients with locally advanced or metastatic carcinoma of the prostate-a long-term follow-up comparison and quality of life analysis, Springerplus, 5, 653, 10.1186/s40064-016-2280-8
D’Amico, 1999, Pretreatment nomogram for prostate-specific antigen recurrence after radical prostatectomy or external-beam radiation therapy for clinically localized prostate cancer, J Clin Oncol, 17, 168, 10.1200/JCO.1999.17.1.168
Shore, 2016, Efficacy and safety of enzalutamide versus bicalutamide for patients with metastatic prostate cancer (TERRAIN): a randomised, double-blind, phase 2 study, Lancet Oncol, 17, 153, 10.1016/S1470-2045(15)00518-5
Delahunt, 2015, Validation of International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grading for prostatic adenocarcinoma in thin core biopsies using TROG 03.04 ‘RADAR’ trial clinical data, Pathology, 47, 520, 10.1097/PAT.0000000000000318
Rosenthal, Effect of chemotherapy with docetaxel with androgen suppression and radiotherapy for localized high-risk prostate cancer: the randomized phase III NRG Oncology RTOG 0521 trial [published online March 12, 2019], J Clin Oncol.
Attard, 2009, Selective inhibition of CYP17 with abiraterone acetate is highly active in the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer, J Clin Oncol, 27, 3742, 10.1200/JCO.2008.20.0642
Den, 2015, Genomic classifier identifies men with adverse pathology after radical prostatectomy who benefit from adjuvant radiation therapy, J Clin Oncol, 33, 944, 10.1200/JCO.2014.59.0026
ERLEADATM, 2018, apalutamide tablets for oral use Horsham PA Products LP Available at https www accessdata fda gov drugsatfda docs label lbl pdf Accessed, 15, 000
Tarassoff, 2003, Avascular necrosis of the jaws: risk factors in metastatic cancer patients, J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 61, 1238, 10.1016/j.joms.2003.09.001
Yamoah, 2015, Novel biomarker signature that may predict aggressive disease in African American men with prostate cancer, J Clin Oncol, 33, 2789, 10.1200/JCO.2014.59.8912
Haraldsdottir, 2014, Prostate cancer incidence in males with Lynch syndrome, Genet Med, 16, 553, 10.1038/gim.2013.193
Kelly, 2017, Past, current, and future incidence rates and burden of metastatic prostate cancer in the United States, Eur Urol Focus, 71, 195, 10.1016/j.eururo.2016.05.011
Drazer, 2015, National prostate cancer screening rates after the 2012 US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation discouraging prostate-specific antigen-based screening, J Clin Oncol, 33, 2416, 10.1200/JCO.2015.61.6532
Dinh, 2016, Occult high-risk disease in clinically low-risk prostate cancer with ≥50% positive biopsy cores: should national guidelines stop calling them low-risk?, Urology, 87, 125, 10.1016/j.urology.2015.08.026
de Bono, 2011, Abiraterone and increased survival in metastatic prostate cancer, N Engl J Med, 364, 1995, 10.1056/NEJMoa1014618
Hussain, 2006, Absolute prostate-specific antigen value after androgen deprivation is a strong independent predictor of survival in new metastatic prostate cancer: data from Southwest Oncology Group Trial 9346 (INT-0162), J Clin Oncol, 24, 3984, 10.1200/JCO.2006.06.4246
Sarantopoulos, 2017, Safety and pharmacokinetics of cabazitaxel in patients with hepatic impairment: a phase I dose-escalation study, Cancer Chemother Pharmacol, 79, 339, 10.1007/s00280-016-3210-8
Helgason, 2015, Loss-of-function variants in ATM confer risk of gastric cancer, Nat Genet, 47, 906, 10.1038/ng.3342
Ryan, 2014, Risk of prostate cancer in Lynch syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev, 23, 437, 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-13-1165
Ham, 2017, New prostate cancer grading system predicts long-term survival following surgery for Gleason score 8-10 prostate cancer, Eur Urol, 71, 907, 10.1016/j.eururo.2016.11.006
Guedes, 2017, MSH2 loss in primary prostate cancer, Clin Cancer Res, 23, 6863, 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-17-0955
Laufer, 2000, Complete androgen blockade for prostate cancer: what went wrong?, J Urol, 164, 3, 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)67436-8
Beer, 2014, Enzalutamide in metastatic prostate cancer before chemotherapy, N Engl J Med, 371, 424, 10.1056/NEJMoa1405095
Sinnott, 2017, Prognostic utility of a new mRNA expression signature of Gleason score, Clin Cancer Res, 23, 81, 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-16-1245
Laufer, 2000, Complete androgen blockade for prostate cancer: what went wrong?, J Urol, 164, 3, 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)67436-8
Pompe, 2017, Population-based validation of the 2014 ISUP Gleason grade groups in patients treated with radical prostatectomy, brachytherapy, external beam radiation, or no local treatment, Prostate, 77, 686, 10.1002/pros.23316
Loeb, 2016, Evaluation of the 2015 Gleason grade groups in a nationwide population-based cohort, Eur Urol, 69, 1135, 10.1016/j.eururo.2015.11.036
Samson, 2002, Systematic review and meta-analysis of monotherapy compared with combined androgen blockade for patients with advanced prostate carcinoma, Cancer, 95, 361, 10.1002/cncr.10647
Sammon, 2015, Prostate-specific antigen screening after 2012 US Preventive Services Task Force recommendations, JAMA, 314, 2077, 10.1001/jama.2015.7273
Liede, 2004, Cancer risks for male carriers of germline mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2: a review of the literature, J Clin Oncol, 22, 735, 10.1200/JCO.2004.05.055
Kote-Jarai, 2015, Prevalence of the HOXB13 G84E germline mutation in British men and correlation with prostate cancer risk, tumour characteristics and clinical outcomes, Ann Oncol, 26, 756, 10.1093/annonc/mdv004
Tryggvadóttir, 2007, Prostate cancer progression and survival in BRCA2 mutation carriers, J Natl Cancer Inst, 99, 929, 10.1093/jnci/djm005
Taylor, 2017, Germline BRCA2 mutations drive prostate cancers with distinct evolutionary trajectories, Nat Commun, 8, 13671, 10.1038/ncomms13671
Bratt, 2016, Family history and probability of prostate cancer, differentiated by risk category: a nationwide population-based study, J Natl Cancer Inst, 108, 10.1093/jnci/djw110
Prensner, 2014, RNA biomarkers associated with metastatic progression in prostate cancer: a multi-institutional high-throughput analysis of SChLAP1, Lancet Oncol, 15, 1469, 10.1016/S1470-2045(14)71113-1
Tombal, 2019, Patient-reported outcomes following enzalutamide or placebo in men with non-metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer (PROSPER): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial, Lancet Oncol, 20, 556, 10.1016/S1470-2045(18)30898-2
Langley, 2013, Cardiovascular outcomes in patients with locally advanced and metastatic prostate cancer treated with luteinising-hormone-releasing-hormone agonists or transdermal oestrogen: the randomised, phase 2 MRC PATCH trial (PR09), Lancet Oncol, 14, 306, 10.1016/S1470-2045(13)70025-1
Lee, 2006, Development and validation of a prognostic index for 4-year mortality in older adults, JAMA, 295, 801, 10.1001/jama.295.7.801
Thompson, 2002, Cancer incidence in BRCA1 mutation carriers, J Natl Cancer Inst, 94, 1358, 10.1093/jnci/94.18.1358
Smith, 2018, Apalutamide treatment and metastasis-free survival in prostate cancer, N Engl J Med, 378, 1408, 10.1056/NEJMoa1715546
Magi-Galluzzi, 2018, The 17-gene genomic prostate score assay predicts outcome after radical prostatectomy independent of PTEN status, Urology, 121, 132, 10.1016/j.urology.2018.07.018
Hansen, 2018, Pembrolizumab for advanced prostate adenocarcinoma: findings of the KEYNOTE-028 study, Ann Oncol, 29, 1807, 10.1093/annonc/mdy232
Troyer, 2015, A multicenter study shows PTEN deletion is strongly associated with seminal vesicle involvement and extracapsular extension in localized prostate cancer, Prostate, 75, 1206, 10.1002/pros.23003
Halpern, 2017, National trends in prostate biopsy and radical prostatectomy volumes following the US Preventive Services Task Force guidelines against prostate-specific antigen screening, JAMA Surg, 152, 192, 10.1001/jamasurg.2016.3987
Meisel, 2016, Severe neutropenia during cabazitaxel treatment is associated with survival benefit in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC): a post-hoc analysis of the TROPIC phase III trial, Eur J Cancer, 56, 93, 10.1016/j.ejca.2015.12.009
Kyriakopoulos, 2018, Chemohormonal therapy in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer: Long-term survival analysis of the randomized phase III E3805 CHAARTED trial, J Clin Oncol, 36, 1080, 10.1200/JCO.2017.75.3657
Oudard, 2017, Cabazitaxel versus docetaxel as first-line therapy for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: a randomized phase III trial-FIRSTANA, J Clin Oncol, 35, 3189, 10.1200/JCO.2016.72.1068
Leyh-Bannurah, 2017, A proposal of a new nomogram for predicting upstaging in contemporary D’Amico low-risk prostate cancer patients, World J Urol, 35, 189, 10.1007/s00345-016-1863-x
Petrylak, 2004, Docetaxel and estramustine compared with mitoxantrone and prednisone for advanced refractory prostate cancer, N Engl J Med, 351, 1513, 10.1056/NEJMoa041318
Lotan, 2011, PTEN protein loss by immunostaining: analytic validation and prognostic indicator for a high risk surgical cohort of prostate cancer patients, Clin Cancer Res, 17, 6563, 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-11-1244
Saad, 2018, Effect of apalutamide on health-related quality of life in patients with non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: an analysis of the SPARTAN randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial, Lancet Oncol, 19, 1404, 10.1016/S1470-2045(18)30456-X
Castro, 2013, Germline BRCA mutations are associated with higher risk of nodal involvement, distant metastasis, and poor survival outcomes in prostate cancer, J Clin Oncol, 31, 1748, 10.1200/JCO.2012.43.1882
Stephenson, 2006, Preoperative nomogram predicting the 10-year probability of prostate cancer recurrence after radical prostatectomy, J Natl Cancer Inst, 98, 715, 10.1093/jnci/djj190