Prospects of 2,5-dimethylfuran as a fuel: physico-chemical and engine performance characteristics evaluation

Matthias T, Martin M, Stefan P, Matthias B, Andre B, Andreas S, Philipp A, Juergen K (2010) Analysis of the impact of 2-methylfuran on mixture formation and combustion in a direct-injection spark-ignition engine. Energy Fuels 24:2891–2899. doi:10.1021/ef901575a Ritchie D, Chongming W, Hongming X (2012) Effects of combustion phasing, injection timing, relative air- fuel ratio and variable valve timing on SI engine performance and emissions using 2,5-Dimethylfuran Ritchie D, Hongming X, Chongming W, Dave R, Shijin S (2012) Combustion performance of 2,5-dimethylfuran blends using dual-injection compared to direct-injection in a SI engine Shaohua Z, Ritchie D, Hongming X, Jun Z, Dale T, Miroslaw LW, Paul R (2010) Combustion and emissions of 2,5-dimethylfuran in a direct-injection spark-ignition engine Ritchie D, Guohong T, Hongming X, Miroslaw LW, Xuesong W, Zuohua H (2011). Effect of spark timing and load on a DISI engine fuelled with 2,5-dimethylfuran Stephanie GW, David MA, Elif IG, James AD (2012) A roadmap for conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to chemicals and fuels. Curr Opin Chem Eng 2012(1):218–224 Leshkov Yuriy R, Christopher JB, Zhen L, James AD (2007) Production of dimethylfuran for liquid fuels from biomass-derived carbohydrates. Nature 447:982–985. doi:10.1038/nature05923 Xinli T, Yang M, Yongdan L (2010) Biomass into chemicals: conversion of sugars to furan derivatives by catalytic processes. Appl Catal A 385:1–13 Lewkowski J (2001) Synthesis, chemistry and applications of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and its derivatives. ARKIVOC 2001:17–54 Lichtenthaler FW (2002) Unsaturated O- N-Heterocycles from carbohydrate feedstocks. Acc Chem Res 35:728–737 Hunwartzen I (1982) Modification of CFR test engine unit to determine octane numbers of pure alcohols and gasoline-alcohol blends. SAE Technical Paper 820002 David AR, Jamie HJ (2012) Study of the knocking propensity of 2,5-dimethylfuran–gasoline and ethanol–gasoline blends. Fuel 98(2012):203–212 Guohong T, Ritchie D, Haiying L, Hongming X, Shijing S, Paul R (2010) Laminar burning velocities of 2,5-dimethylfuran compared with ethanol and gasoline energy fuels. Energy Fuels 24:3898–3905. doi:10.1021/ef100452c Xuesong W, Qianqian L, Jin F, Chenglong T, Zuohua H, Ritchie D, Guohong T, Hongming X (2012) Laminar burning characteristics of 2,5-dimethylfuran and iso-octane blend at elevated temperatures and pressures. Fuel 95(2012):234–240 Jimmy P, Simon K, Reuben T, Luoping Z (2012) Predicted toxicity of the biofuel candidate 2,5-dimethylfuran in environmental and biological systems. Environ Mol Mutagen 53:478–487 Quanchang Z, Guisheng C, Zunqing Z, Haifeng L, Jia X, Mingfa Y (2013) Combustion and emissions of 2,5-dimethylfuran addition on a diesel engine with low temperature combustion. Fuel 103(2013):730–735 Enzhu H, Xianguo H, Xiangyang W, Yufu X, Karl DD, Hongming X (2012) On the fundamental lubricity of 2,5-dimethylfuran as a synthetic engine fuel. Tribol Int 55(2012):119–125 Chemidplus advanced (2011), http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/ ASTM Special Technical Publication No. 225 (1958) Knocking characteristics of pure hydrocarbons Margaroni D (1998) Fuel lubricity. Industrial Lubrication Tribol 50(3):108–118 Wei DP (2000) Study on the lubricity of gasoline fuels I. A preliminary investigation on the lubricity of European gasoline fuels. ACTC PetroleiSinica (Petroleum Process Sect) 16:7–12 (in Chinese) Andersen VF, Anderson JE, Wallington TJ, Mueller SA, Nielsen OJ (2010) Distillation curves for alchohol-gasoline blends. Energy Fuels 24:2683–2691. doi:10.1021/ef9014795 Owen K, Coley T (1990) Automotive fuels handbook Chen Rong-Horng, Chiang Li-Bin, Chen Chung-Nan, Lin Ta-Hui (2011) Cold-start emissions of an SI engine using ethanol gasoline blended fuel. Appl Therm Eng 31(8):1463–1467 Chan, Lai Kuan, (Oct, 2005) Reduction of nitrogen oxides (Nox) using liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) in spark ignition (Si) engine. Dissertation, University of Southern QueenslandPG