Progress towards a more sustainable synthetic pathway to ibuprofen through the use of solar heating
Tóm tắt
The ACS Green Chemistry Institute Pharmaceutical Roundtable was formed in 2005 to encourage the incorporation of green chemistry techniques into the synthetic pathways of pharmaceuticals. Through this initiative, synthetic pathways of several pharmaceuticals have been altered to adapt more environmentally friendly procedures. The amount of electricity required to complete chemical reactions have become an environmental concern due to depleting fossil fuels. A technique was recently developed in which satellite dishes were repurposed as solar reflectors capable of providing a heat source through solar irradiation. The ability to use the solar reflector as the sole heat source for synthetic reactions has been analyzed for the commercially important pharmaceutical, ibuprofen. Ibuprofen synthesis also incorporates chemicals that are not particularly friendly to the environment. The exchange of these chemicals with more environmentally friendly substitutes has been analyzed. The goal of this study is to incorporate a solar energy heat source to develop an alternative energy, more environmentally friendly pathway to ibuprofen.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Davies NM (1998) Clinical pharmacokinetics of ibuprofen. The first 30 years. Clin Pharmacokinet 34(2):101–154
Halford GM, Lordkipanidze M, Watson SP (2012) 50th Anniversary of the discovery of ibuprofen: an interview with Dr. Stewart Adams. Platelets 23(6):415–422
Nicholson JS, Adams SS GB Patent 971,700, 1964; U.S. Patent 3228831, 1966; U.S. Patent 3,385,886, 1968
Trost BM (1991) The atom economy—a search for synthetic efficiency. Science 254:1471–1477
Cann MC, Connelly ME (2000) Real world cases in green chemistry. American chemical society, Washington DC, pp 19–24
Chu S, Majumdar A (2012) Opportunities and challenges for a sustainable energy future. Nature 488(7411):294–303
Murray H, Swartling D Solar ovens to power/run simple organic reactions. Abstracts of papers, 245th ACS national meeting and exposition, New Orleans, LA, United States, April 7–11, 2013. CHED-1051 2013
Monroe Lizzie, Swartling Daniel J Using solar energy in the green synthesis of deep eutectic solvents. Abstracts of papers, 243rd ACS national meeting and exposition, San Diego, CA, United States, March 25–29, 2012. CHED-1124 2012
Agee B, Mullins G, Swartling D (2013) Friedel-crafts acylation using solar irradiation. ACS Sustain Chem Eng 1:1580–1583
Agee B, Mullins G, Biernacki J, Swartling D (2014) Wolff-kishner reduction reactions using a solar irradiation heat source and a green solvent system. Green Chem Lett Rev 7(4):383–392
Agee B, Mullins G (2014) Swartling D Use of solar energy for biodiesel production and use of biodiesel waste as a green reaction solvent. Sustain Chem Process 2:21. doi:10.1186/s40508-014-0021-2
Amin S, Barnes A, Buckner C, Jones J, Monroe M, Nurmomade L, Pinto T, Starkey S, Agee B, Crouse D, Swartling D (2015) Diels-alder reaction using a solar irradiation heat source designed for undergraduate organic chemistry laboratories. J Chem Educ. doi:10.1021/ed500850c
P3 international corporation. 71 West 23rd street, suite 1201. New York, NY 10010-4102. Tel: 212-741-7289
Richard Kjonaas A, Peggy Williams E, David Counce A, Lindsey Crawley R (2011) Synthesis of ibuprofen in the introductory organic laboratory. J Chem Educ 88:825
Baum E, O’Callaghan I, Cinninger L, Esteb J, Wilson A (2013) Static fluid condensers for the containment of refluxing solvent. ACS Sustain Chem Eng 1:1502–1505
Material Safety Data Sheet – Hydrofluoric Acid. http://wcam.engr.wisc.edu/Public/Safety/MSDS/Hydrofluoric%20acid,%2049%25.pdf
Material Safety Data Sheet – Raney Nickel. https://fishersci.com/shop/msdsproxy?storeId=10652&productName=AC395925000
Material Safety Data Sheet – Acetic anhydride. http://www.sciencelab.com/msds.php?msdsId=9927061
Material Safety Data Sheet – Aluminum chloride. http://www.clayton.edu/portals/690/chemistry/inventory/MSDS%20aluminum%20chloride%20anhydrous.pdf
Material Safety Data Sheet – Sodium ethoxide. https://www.fishersci.ca/viewmsds.do?catNo=AC168590025
Material Safety Data Sheet – Acetyl chloride. http://www.sciencelab.com/msds.php?msdsId=9927420
Material Safety Data Sheet – Hydrazine. http://www.sciencelab.com/msds.php?msdsId=9924279
Material Safety Data Sheet – Hydrazine hydrate. http://www.sciencelab.com/msds.php?msdsId=9924280