Present‐day and mid‐Holocene biomes reconstructed from pollen and plant macrofossil data from the former Soviet Union and Mongolia

Journal of Biogeography - Tập 25 Số 6 - Trang 1029-1053 - 1998
Pavel E. Tarasov1,2, Thompson Webb3, Andrei Andreev4, Natalya B. Afanas’eva5, Natalya A. Berezina6, L.G. Bezusko7, Tatyana A Blyakharchuk8, Natalia S. Bolikhovskaya1, Rachid Cheddadi9, M. M. Chernavskaya4, Galina M. Chernova10, N. I. Dorofeyuk11, Veronika G Dirksen10, G. A. Elina12, Ludmila V. Filimonova12, Feliks Z. Glebov13, Joël Guiot9, Valentina S. Gunova1, Sandy P. Harrison2, Dominique Jolly14, V. I. Khomutova15, Eliso Kvavadze16, I. M. Osipova17, Н. К. Панова18, I. Colin Prentice19, Leili Saarse20, D.V. Sevastyanov10, V.S. Volkova21, Valentina Zernitskaya22
1Department of Geography, Moscow State University, Vorobievy Gory, Moscow 119899, Russia (Fax:+7095 9392123)
2Dynamic Palaeoclimatology, Lund University, Box 117, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden (Fax:+46 46 2223635)
3Department of Geological Sciences, Brown University, Rhode Island 02912–1846, USA (Fax:+1401 8632058)
4Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Staromonetny 29, Moscow 109017, Russia (Fax:+7095 2302090)
5Moscow State University
6Department of Biology, Moscow State University, Vorobievy Gory, Moscow119899, Russia
7Institute of Biology, Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, Repina 2, Kiev, Ukraine
8Institute of Biology and Biophysics, Tomsk State University, Prospekt Lenina 36, Tomsk 634050, Russia
9Institut Méditerranéen d'Ecologie et de Paléoécologie
10Department of Geography & Geoecology, St.-Petersburg University, 10 Liniya 33, St.-Petersburg 199178, Russia
11Institute of Evolution and Ecology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Piatnitskaya 47, Stroenie 3, Moscow 109017, Russia (Fax:+7095 9530713)
12Institute of Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences (Karelian Branch), Pushkinskaya 11, Petrozavodsk 185610, Russia
13Forest Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences (Siberian Branch), Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
14Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement
15Institute of Limnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Sevastyanova 9, St.‐Petersburg 196199, Russia (Fax:+7812 2987327)
16Institute of Palaeobiology, Georgian Academy of Sciences, Potomaja 4, Tbilisi 380004, Georgia (Fax:+78832 998823)
17Central Geological Laboratory, Zvenigorodskoe Shosse 9, Moscow, Russia (Fax:+7095 4308458)
18Forest Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences (Ural Branch) Bilimbaevskaya 32 A, Ekaterinburg 620134, Russia (Fax:+73432 520853)
19Department of Plant Ecology, Lund University, Ekologihuset, Sölvegatan 37, S-223 62 Lund, Sweden (Fax:+46 46 2223742)
20Institute of Geology, Estonian Academy of Sciences, Estonia Avenue 7, Tallinn EE-0105, Estonia (Fax:+372 6312074)
21Institute of Geology, Russian Academy of Sciences (Siberian Branch), Universitetskii 3, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia (Fax:+73832 351351)
22Institute of Geological Sciences, Zhodinskaya 7, Minsk 220141, Belarus (Fax:+70172 636398)

Tóm tắt

Fossil pollen data supplemented by tree macrofossil records were used to reconstruct the vegetation of the Former Soviet Union and Mongolia at 6000 years. Pollen spectra were assigned to biomes using the plant‐functional‐type method developed by Prentice et al. (1996). Surface pollen data and a modern vegetation map provided a test of the method. This is the first time such a broad‐scale vegetation reconstruction for the greater part of northern Eurasia has been attempted with objective techniques. The new results confirm previous regional palaeoenvironmental studies of the mid‐Holocene while providing a comprehensive synopsis and firmer conclusions. West of the Ural Mountains temperate deciduous forest extended both northward and southward from its modern range. The northern limits of cool mixed and cool conifer forests were also further north than present. Taiga was reduced in European Russia, but was extended into Yakutia where now there is cold deciduous forest. The northern limit of taiga was extended (as shown by increased Picea pollen percentages, and by tree macrofossil records north of the present‐day forest limit) but tundra was still present in north‐eastern Siberia. The boundary between forest and steppe in the continental interior did not shift substantially, and dry conditions similar to present existed in western Mongolia and north of the Aral Sea.

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Journal of Biogeography

Tập 25 Số 6

1029-1053

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