Premature mortality in India due to PM<sub>2.5</sub> and ozone exposure

Geophysical Research Letters - Tập 43 Số 9 - Trang 4650-4658 - 2016
Sachin D. Ghude1, D. M. Chate1, Chinmay Jena1, Gufran Beig1, Rajesh Kumar2, M. C. Barth2, Gabriele Pfister2, Suvarna Fadnavis1, Prakash Pithani1
1Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pune, India
2Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado, USA

Tóm tắt

AbstractThis bottom‐up modeling study, supported by new population census 2011 data, simulates ozone (O3) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure on local to regional scales. It quantifies, present‐day premature mortalities associated with the exposure to near‐surface PM2.5 and O3 concentrations in India using a regional chemistry model. We estimate that PM2.5 exposure leads to about 570,000 (CI95: 320,000–730,000) premature mortalities in 2011. On a national scale, our estimate of mortality by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) due to O3 exposure is about 12,000 people. The Indo‐Gangetic region accounts for a large part (~42%) of the estimated mortalities. The associated lost life expectancy is calculated as 3.4 ± 1.1 years for all of India with highest values found for Delhi (6.3 ± 2.2 years). The economic cost of estimated premature mortalities associated with PM2.5 and O3 exposure is about 640 (350–800) billion USD in 2011, which is a factor of 10 higher than total expenditure on health by public and private expenditure.

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Geophysical Research Letters

Tập 43 Số 9

4650-4658

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