Polymer Photovoltaic Cells: Enhanced Efficiencies via a Network of Internal Donor-Acceptor Heterojunctions

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) - Tập 270 Số 5243 - Trang 1789-1791 - 1995
Gang Yu1, Jun Gao1, Jan C. Hummelen1, Fred Wudl1, Alan J. Heeger1
1Institute for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-5090, USA

Tóm tắt

The carrier collection efficiency (η c ) and energy conversion efficiency (η e ) of polymer photovoltaic cells were improved by blending of the semiconducting polymer with C 60 or its functionalized derivatives. Composite films of poly(2-methoxy-5-(2′-ethyl-hexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene) (MEH-PPV) and fullerenes exhibit η c of about 29 percent of electrons per photon and η e of about 2.9 percent, efficiencies that are better by more than two orders of magnitude than those that have been achieved with devices made with pure MEH-PPV. The efficient charge separation results from photoinduced electron transfer from the MEH-PPV (as donor) to C 60 (as acceptor); the high collection efficiency results from a bicontinuous network of internal donor-acceptor heterojunctions.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

SARICIFTCI N.S., patent 5331183 (1994).

SARICIFTCI N.S., patent 5454880 (1995).

ADAM D, FAST PHOTOCONDUCTION IN THE HIGHLY ORDERED COLUMNAR PHASE OF A DISCOTIC LIQUID-CRYSTAL, NATURE 371, 141 (1994).

ANTONIADIS H, SYNTHETIC MET 64, 265 (1994).

CAMPBELL I.H., ELECTRICAL-IMPEDANCE MEASUREMENTS OF POLYMER LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES, APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS 66, 3030 (1995).

CHAMBERLAIN G.A., ORGANIC SOLAR-CELLS - A REVIEW, SOLAR CELLS 8, 47 (1983).

GLENIS S, ELECTROCHEMICALLY GROWN POLYTHIOPHENE AND POLY(3-METHYLTHIOPHENE) ORGANIC PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS, THIN SOLID FILMS 111, 93 (1984).

GREGG B.A., PHOTOVOLTAIC EFFECT IN SYMMETRICAL CELLS OF A LIQUID-CRYSTAL PORPHYRIN, JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY 94, 1586 (1990).

HALLS JJM, EFFICIENT PHOTODIODES FROM INTERPENETRATING POLYMER NETWORKS, NATURE 376, 498 (1995).

HUMMELEN J.C., PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF FULLEROID AND METHANOFULLERENE DERIVATIVES, JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 60, 532 (1995).

KANICKI J, HDB CONDUCTING POLYM 543, (1986).

KARG S, ELECTRICAL AND OPTICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF POLY(PHENYLENE-VINYLENE) LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES, SYNTHETIC METALS 54, 427 (1993).

LEE C.H., NONLINEAR TRANSIENT PHOTOVOLTAIC RESPONSE IN AL C-60 AU DEVICES - CONTROL OF POLARITY WITH OPTICAL BIAS, APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS 65, 664 (1994).

LEE C.H., SENSITIZATION OF THE PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY OF CONDUCTING POLYMERS BY C-60 - PHOTOINDUCED ELECTRON-TRANSFER, PHYSICAL REVIEW B 48, 15425 (1993).

LIU C.Y., EFFECT OF STRUCTURAL ORDER ON THE DARK CURRENT AND PHOTOCURRENT IN ZINC OCTAKIS(BETA-DECOXYETHYL)PORPHYRIN THIN-LAYER CELLS, JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY 99, 7632 (1995).

MARKS R.N., THE PHOTOVOLTAIC RESPONSE IN POLY(P-PHENYLENE VINYLENE) THIN-FILM DEVICES, JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER 6, 1379 (1994).

MILLER B, PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL BEHAVIOR OF C60 FILMS, JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 113, 6291 (1991).

PARKER I.D., CARRIER TUNNELING AND DEVICE CHARACTERISTICS IN POLYMER LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES, JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS 75, 1656 (1994).

SARICIFTCI N.S., SEMICONDUCTING POLYMER-BUCKMINSTERFULLERENE HETEROJUNCTIONS - DIODES, PHOTODIODES, AND PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS, APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS 62, 585 (1993).

SARICIFTCI N.S., DOEFG0393ER12138 DEP .

SARICIFTCI N.S., REVERSIBLE, METASTABLE, ULTRAFAST PHOTOINDUCED ELECTRON-TRANSFER FROM SEMICONDUCTING POLYMERS TO BUCKMINSTERFULLERENE AND IN THE CORRESPONDING DONOR-ACCEPTOR HETEROJUNCTIONS, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS B 8, 237 (1994).

SARICIFTCI N.S., PHOTOINDUCED ELECTRON-TRANSFER FROM A CONDUCTING POLYMER TO BUCKMINSTERFULLERENE, SCIENCE 258, 1474 (1992).

TANG C.W., 2-LAYER ORGANIC PHOTOVOLTAIC CELL, APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS 48, 183 (1986).

WUDL F, MAT NONLINEAR OPTICS 683, (1991).

YU G, DUAL-FUNCTION SEMICONDUCTING POLYMER DEVICES - LIGHT-EMITTING AND PHOTODETECTING DIODES, APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS 64, 1540 (1994).

YU G, SEMICONDUCTING POLYMER DIODES - LARGE-SIZE, LOW-COST PHOTODETECTORS WITH EXCELLENT VISIBLE-ULTRAVIOLET SENSITIVITY, APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS 64, 3422 (1994).

YU G, CHARGE SEPARATION AND PHOTOVOLTAIC CONVERSION IN POLYMER COMPOSITES WITH INTERNAL DONOR-ACCEPTOR HETEROJUNCTIONS, JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS 78, 4510 (1995).