Pollen‐based biome reconstruction for southern Europe and Africa 18,000 yr bp

Journal of Biogeography - Tập 27 Số 3 - Trang 621-634 - 2000
Hilaire Elenga1,2, Odile Peyron2,3, Raymonde Bonnefille2,4, Dominique Jolly5,6,7, Rachid Cheddadi8,3, Joël Guiot3, Valérie Andrieu‐Ponel3, Sytze Bottema9, Guillaume Soulet2, J.‐L. De Beaulieu3, Alan Hamilton10, Jean Maley11, Rob Marchant12, Ramón Pérez i Obiol13, Maurice Reille3, G. Riollet2, Louis Scott14, Herbert Straka15, David Taylor16, Elise Van Campo17, Annie Vincens2, F. Laarif5, H. Jonson5
1African Pollen Database, CEREGE, BP 80, 13545 Aix-en-Provence Cedex 04, France,
2CEREGE, BP 80, 13545, Aix-en-Provence, cedex 04, France
3IMEP CNRS, Case 451, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France,
4Institut Français de Pondichéry, BP 33, 11 rue St Louis, 605001 Pondicherry, India,
5Dynamic Palaeoclimatology, Lund University, Box 117, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden
6Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Postfach 100164, D-07701 Jena, Germany,
7School of Ecology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 37, S-223 62 Lund, Sweden,
8European Pollen Database, Place de la République, 13200 Arles, France,
9Biologisch-Archaeologisch Instituut, Rijkuniversiteit Groningen, Poststraat 6, NL-9712 ER Groningen, The Netherlands,
10WWF, Panda House, Weyside Park, Cattershall Lane, Godalming GU7 1XR, UK,
11Paléoenvironnements et Palynologie, USTL, Pl. E. Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex, France,
12University of Hull, School of Geography and Earth Resources, Hull HU6 7RX, UK,
13Department of Botany, University of Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain,
14Department of Botany and Genetics, PO Box 339, University of the Orange Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa,
15Forstweg 47, D-24105 Kiel, Germany,
16Department of Geography, National University of Singapore, Singapore
17Laboratoire d'Ecologie Terrestre, CNRS-UPS, 13 Avenue du Colonel Roche, BP 4403, 31405 Toulouse Cedex 4, France

Tóm tắt

AbstractPollen data from 18,000 14C yr bp were compiled in order to reconstruct biome distributions at the last glacial maximum in southern Europe and Africa. Biome reconstructions were made using the objective biomization method applied to pollen counts using a complete list of dryland taxa wherever possible. Consistent and major differences from present‐day biomes are shown.Forest and xerophytic woods/scrub were replaced by steppe, both in the Mediterranean region and in southern Africa, except in south‐western Cape Province where fynbos (xerophytic scrub) persisted.Sites in the tropical highlands, characterized today by evergreen forest, were dominated by steppe and/or xerophytic vegetation (cf. today’s Ericaceous belt and Afroalpine grassland) at the last glacial maximum.Available data from the tropical lowlands are sparse but suggest that the modern tropical rain forest was largely replaced by tropical seasonal forest while the modern seasonal or dry forests were encroached on by savanna or steppe. Montane forest elements descended to lower elevations than today.

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Journal of Biogeography

Tập 27 Số 3

621-634

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