Phytochemical analysis, in-vitro anti-proliferative, anti-oxidant, anti-diabetic, and anti-obesity activities of Rumex rothschildianus Aarons. extracts

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies - Tập 21 - Trang 1-11 - 2021
Nidal Jaradat1, Mohammed Hawash1, Gada Dass1
1Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine

Tóm tắt

Rumex rothschildianus is the sole member of a unique section of the genus Rumex, in the family Polygonaceae. This species is a very rare small dioecious annual, endemic to Palestine that is traditionally used as food and for the treatment of various diseases. Therefore, the current investigation aimed to screen the chemical constituents, antioxidants, anti-α-amylase, anti-α-glucosidase, antilipase, and cytotoxic effects of four solvents fractions of R. rothschildianus leaves. Dried powder of R. rothschildianus leaves was extracted in four solvents with different polarities. Several qualitative and quantitative phytochemical tests were performed to determine the components of the extracts. The colorimetric analysis was used for the quantitative determination of phenols, flavonoids, and tannins. In-vitro assays were performed to evaluate the extracts for antioxidant, anti-α-amylase, anti-α-glucosidase, and antilipase inhibitory activities, as well as cytotoxicity by MTS assay against cervical carcinoma cells line (HeLa) and breast cancer cell line (MCF7). The acetone fraction of R. rothschildianus leaves showed the most significant antioxidant activity, due to having the highest content of flavonoids and phenolics, with an IC50 value of 6.3 ± 0.4 μg/ml, compared to 3.1 ± 0.9 μg/ml for Trolox, and regarding lipase inhibition activity the acetone fraction showed the most potent activity with an IC50 value of 26.3 ± 0.6 μg/ml, in comparison with orlistat positive control IC50 12.3 μg/ml. The same extract was the most potent inhibitor of α-amylase and α-glucosidase, with IC50 values of 19.1 ± 0.7 μg/ml and 54.9 ± 0.3 μg/ml, respectively, compared to 28.8, 37.1 ± 0.3 μg/ml of acarbose, respectively. The hexane fraction showed 99.9% inhibition of HeLa cells and 97.4% inhibition for MCF7 cells. The acetone fraction of R. rothschildianus leaves might provide a source of bioactive compounds for the treatment of oxidative stress. Similarly, the hexane fraction indicates the promising antitumor potential of R. rothschildianus. Clearly, these initial indications need further purification of potentially active compounds, and ultimately, in-vivo studies to determine their effectiveness.

Tài liệu tham khảo

Hlila MB, Mosbah H, Zanina N, Ben Nejma A, Ben Jannet H, Aouni M, et al. Characterisation of phenolic antioxidants in Scabiosa arenaria flowers by LC–ESI-MS/MS and NMR. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2016;68(7):932–40. https://doi.org/10.1111/jphp.12561. Kumarasingha R, Preston S, Yeo T-C, Lim DS, Tu C-L, Palombo EA, et al. Anthelmintic activity of selected ethno-medicinal plant extracts on parasitic stages of Haemonchus contortus. Parasit Vectors. 2016;9(1):1–7. Barry H. Antioxidant effects a basis for drug selection. Drugs. 1991;42(2):569–605. Davis PH. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands; 1970. Ulukanli Z, Ulukanli S, Ozbay H, Ilcim A, Tuzcu M. Antimicrobial activities of some plants from the eastern Anatolia region of Turkey. Pharm Biol. 2005;43(4):334–9. https://doi.org/10.1080/13880200590951757. Ozturk S, Ozturk A. Antibacterial activity of aqueous and methanol extracts of Rumex alpinus. and Rumex caucasicus. Pharm Biol. 2007;45(2):83–7. https://doi.org/10.1080/13880200601105285. Abdel-Sattar E, Harraz FM, El Gayed SH. Antimicrobial activity of extracts of some plants collected from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. J King Abdulaziz Univ Med Sci. 2008;15(1):25–33. https://doi.org/10.4197/Med.15-1.3. Tiwari R, Sinha K. Chemical examination of rumex-hastatus d-don, Council scientific & industrial res anusandhan bhawan, 2 rafi marg, new; 1980. p. 531–2. Lapane KL, Yang S, Driban JB, Liu SH, Dubé CE, McAlindon TE, et al. Effects of prescription nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs on symptoms and disease progression among patients with knee osteoarthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2015;67(3):724–32. https://doi.org/10.1002/art.38933. Jaradat N, Qneibi M, Hawash M, Sawalha A, Qtaishat S, Hussein F, et al. Chemical composition, antioxidant, antiobesity, and antidiabetic effects of helichrysum sanguineum (L.) Kostel. from Palestine. Arab J Sci Eng. 2020:1–11. Zhang H-Z, Kasibhatla S, Kuemmerle J, Kemnitzer W, Ollis-Mason K, Qiu L, et al. Discovery and structure− activity relationship of 3-aryl-5-aryl-1, 2, 4-oxadiazoles as a new series of apoptosis inducers and potential anticancer agents. J Med Chem. 2005;48(16):5215–23. https://doi.org/10.1021/jm050292k. Hawash M, Baytas S. Antiproliferative activities of some biologically important scaffold. FABAD J Pharm Sci. 2017;43(1):59–77. Hawash MM, Kahraman DC, Eren F, Cetin Atalay R, Baytas SN. Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel pyrazolic chalcone derivatives as novel hepatocellular carcinoma therapeutics. Eur J Med Chem. 2017;129:12–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.02.002. Hawash M. Highlights on specific biological targets; cyclin-dependent kinases, epidermal growth factor receptors, ras protein, and cancer stem cells in anticancer drug development. Drug Res. 2019. Joseph B, Raj SJ. Pharmacognostic and phytochemical properties of aloe vera linn an overview. Int J Pharm Sci Rev Res. 2010;4(2):106–10. Jaradat NA, Al-lahham S, Zaid AN, Hussein F, Issa L, Abualhasan MN, et al. Carlina curetum plant phytoconstituents, enzymes inhibitory and cytotoxic activity on cervical epithelial carcinoma and colon cancer cell lines. Eur J Integr. 2019;30:100933. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eujim.2019.100933. Chan C-H, Ngoh G-C, Yusoff R. A brief review on anti diabetic plants: global distribution, active ingredients, extraction techniques and acting mechanisms. Pharmacogn Rev. 2012;6(11):22. https://doi.org/10.4103/0973-7847.95854. Bourgaud F, Gravot A, Milesi S, Gontier E. Production of plant secondary metabolites: a historical perspective. Plant Sci. 2001;161(5):839–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9452(01)00490-3. Iqbal E, Salim KA, Lim LB. Phytochemical screening, total phenolics and antioxidant activities of bark and leaf extracts of Goniothalamus velutinus (airy Shaw) from Brunei Darussalam. J King Saud Univ Sci. 2015;27(3):224–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksus.2015.02.003. Hawash M, Jaradat N, Elaraj J, Hamdan A, Lebdeh SA, Halawa T. Evaluation of the hypoglycemic effect of seven wild folkloric edible plants from Palestine: (Antidiabetic effect of seven plants from Palestine). J Altern Complement Med. 2019;17(1). Cheung L, Cheung PC, Ooi VE. Antioxidant activity and total phenolics of edible mushroom extracts. Food Chem. 2003;81(2):249–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-8146(02)00419-3. Chang C-C, Yang M-H, Wen H-M, Chern J-C. Estimation of total flavonoid content in propolis by two complementary colometric methods. J Food Drug Anal. 2002;10(3):3. Sun B, Ricardo-da-Silva JM, Spranger I. Critical factors of vanillin assay for catechins and proanthocyanidins. J Agric Food Chem. 1998;46(10):4267–74. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf980366j. Drent M, Larsson I, William-Olsson T, Quaade F, Czubayko F, Von Bergmann K, et al. Orlistat (Ro 18-0647), a lipase inhibitor, in the treatment of human obesity: a multiple dose study. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1995;19(4):221. Sudha P, Zinjarde SS, Bhargava SY, Kumar AR. Potent α-amylase inhibitory activity of Indian Ayurvedic medicinal plants. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2011;11(1):5. Ademiluyi AO, Oboh G. Soybean phenolic-rich extracts inhibit key-enzymes linked to type 2 diabetes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase) and hypertension (angiotensin I converting enzyme) in vitro. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2013;65(3):305–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.etp.2011.09.005. Hawash M, Jaradat N, Hameedi S, Mousa A. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel benzodioxole derivatives as COX inhibitors and cytotoxic agents. BMC Chem. 2020;14(1):1–9. Jaradat N, Hawash M, Murad NA. Synthesis and biological evaluation of benzodioxol derivatives as cyclooxygenase inhibitors. Lett Drug Des Discov. 2020;17(1). Garcia EJ, Oldoni TLC, Alencar SM, Reis A, Loguercio AD, Grande RHM. Antioxidant activity by DPPH assay of potential solutions to be applied on bleached teeth. Braz Dent J. 2012;23(1):22–7. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-64402012000100004. Nuengchamnong N, De Jong C, Bruyneel B, Niessen W, Irth H, Ingkaninan K. HPLC coupled on-line to ESI-MS and a DPPH-based assay for the rapid identification of anti-oxidants in Butea superba. Phytochem Anal. 2005;16(6):422–8. https://doi.org/10.1002/pca.865. Dore CMPG, Alves MGCF, Will LSEP, Costa TG, Sabry DA, de Souza Rêgo LAR, et al. A sulfated polysaccharide, fucans, isolated from brown algae Sargassum vulgare with anticoagulant, antithrombotic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Carbohydr Polym. 2013;91(1):467–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.07.075. Birari RB, Bhutani KK. Pancreatic lipase inhibitors from natural sources: unexplored potential. Drug Discov Today. 2007;12(19–20):879–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drudis.2007.07.024. Sharma N, Sharma VK, Seo S-Y. Screening of some medicinal plants for anti-lipase activity. J Ethnopharmacol. 2005;97(3):453–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2004.11.009. Hamden K, Jaouadi B, Salami T, Carreau S, Bejar S, Elfeki A. Modulatory effect of fenugreek saponins on the activities of intestinal and hepatic disaccharidase and glycogen and liver function of diabetic rats. Biotechnol Bioprocess Eng. 2010;15(5):745–53. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12257-009-3159-0. Oboh G, Ademiluyi AO, Akinyemi AJ, Henle T, Saliu JA, Schwarzenbolz U. Inhibitory effect of polyphenol-rich extracts of jute leaf (Corchorus olitorius) on key enzyme linked to type 2 diabetes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase) and hypertension (angiotensin I converting) in vitro. J Funct Foods. 2012;4(2):450–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2012.02.003. Playford RJ, Pither C, Gao R, Middleton SJ. Use of the alpha-glucosidase inhibitor acarbose in patients with ‘Middleton syndrome’: Normal gastric anatomy but with accelerated gastric emptying causing postprandial reactive hypoglycemia and diarrhea. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2013;27(7):403–4. Mata R, Cristians S, Escandón-Rivera S, Juárez-Reyes K, Rivero-Cruz I. Mexican antidiabetic herbs: valuable sources of inhibitors of α-glucosidases. J Nat Prod. 2013;76(3):468–83. https://doi.org/10.1021/np300869g. Chiang C-T, Way T-D, Tsai S-J, Lin J-K. Diosgenin, a naturally occurring steroid, suppresses fatty acid synthase expression in HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cells through modulating Akt, mTOR and JNK phosphorylation. FEBS Lett. 2007;581(30):5735–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.febslet.2007.11.021. Bishayee A, Ahmed S, Brankov N, Perloff M. Triterpenoids as potential agents for the chemoprevention and therapy of breast cancer. Front Biosci. 2011;16(1):980. https://doi.org/10.2741/3730.