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Thích nghi quang hợp của thực vật bậc cao trong môi trường ánh sáng biến đổi
Tóm tắt
Bài báo này mô tả một nghiên cứu về khả năng của cây trồng trong việc thích nghi với các môi trường ánh sáng thay đổi trong khoảng thời gian từ 15 phút đến 3 giờ. Cây Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh., Digitalis purpurea L. và Silene dioica (L.) Clairv. được nuôi trồng dưới mức chiếu sáng 100 μmol m-2 s-1. Sau 4–6 tuần, chúng được chuyển đến các chế độ ánh sáng biến đổi giữa 100 và 475 hoặc 810 μmol m-2 s-1, theo một chu kỳ đều đặn trong 7 ngày. Các cây trồng đã cho thấy, trong hầu hết các trường hợp, có khả năng thực hiện sự thích nghi quang hợp dưới các điều kiện như vậy, làm tăng tỷ lệ quang hợp tối đa. Mức độ thích nghi khác nhau giữa các loài. Một nghiên cứu chi tiết hơn với S. dioica cho thấy rằng sự thích nghi này liên quan đến những thay đổi cả về hàm lượng protein Rubisco và cytochrome f, với chỉ những thay đổi nhỏ về hàm lượng và thành phần sắc tố. Sự thích nghi với ánh sáng biến đổi, ở mức độ protein, không hoàn toàn phản ánh sự thích nghi với ánh sáng cao liên tục - hàm lượng protein Rubisco tăng nhiều hơn so với dự đoán từ mức chiếu sáng trung bình, nhưng ít hơn so với dự đoán từ mức chiếu sáng cao; hàm lượng cytochrome f tăng khi không có cả mức chiếu sáng trung bình hay mức chiếu sáng cao nào có thể được mong đợi sẽ gây ra sự gia tăng.
Từ khóa
#thích nghi quang hợp #ánh sáng biến đổi #Arabidopsis thaliana #Digitalis purpurea #Silene dioica #Rubisco #cytochrome fTài liệu tham khảo
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