Peripheral cytokine and chemokine alterations in depression: a meta‐analysis of 82 studies

Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica - Tập 135 Số 5 - Trang 373-387 - 2017
Cristiano A. Köhler1, Thiago Holanda Freitas1, Michaël Maes2,3,4,5,6, Nayanna Quezado de Andrade1, C. S. Liu7,8, Brisa S. Fernandes2,9, Brendon Stubbs10,11, Marco Solmi12,13, Nicola Veronese14,12, Nathan Herrmann15,8, Charles L. Raison16,17, Brian J. Miller18, Krista L. Lanctôt7,15,8, André F. Carvalho1
1Translational Psychiatry Research Group and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
2Deakin University, IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Geelong, Australia
3Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
4Department of Psychiatry Faculty of Medicine State University of Londrina Londrina PR Brazil
5Department of Psychiatry, Medical University Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
6Revitalis, Waalre, The Netherlands
7Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
8Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program Sunnybrook Research Institute Toronto ON Canada
9Laboratory of Calcium Binding Proteins in the Central Nervous System Department of Biochemistry Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre RS Brazil
10Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London, London, UK
11Physiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London, UK
12Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
13Institute of Clinical Research and Education in Medicine (IREM), Padova, Italy
14Department of Medicine DIMED Geriatrics Section University of Padova Padova Italy
15Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
16Department of Human Development and Family Studies School of Human Ecology University of Wisconsin‐Madison Madison WI USA
17Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
18Department of Psychiatry & Health Behavior Augusta University Augusta GA USA

Tóm tắt

Objective

To conduct a systematic review and meta‐analysis of studies that measured cytokine and chemokine levels in individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) compared to healthy controls (HCs).

Method

The PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PsycINFO databases were searched up until May 30, 2016. Effect sizes were estimated with random‐effects models.

Result

Eighty‐two studies comprising 3212 participants with MDD and 2798 HCs met inclusion criteria. Peripheral levels of interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐alpha, IL‐10, the soluble IL‐2 receptor, C‐C chemokine ligand 2, IL‐13, IL‐18, IL‐12, the IL‐1 receptor antagonist, and the soluble TNF receptor 2 were elevated in patients with MDD compared to HCs, whereas interferon‐gamma levels were lower in MDD (Hedge's g = −0.477, P = 0.043). Levels of IL‐1β, IL‐2, IL‐4, IL‐8, the soluble IL‐6 receptor (sIL‐6R), IL‐5, CCL‐3, IL‐17, and transforming growth factor‐beta 1 were not significantly altered in individuals with MDD compared to HCs. Heterogeneity was large (I2: 51.6–97.7%), and sources of heterogeneity were explored (e.g., age, smoking status, and body mass index).

Conclusion

Our results further characterize a cytokine/chemokine profile associated with MDD. Future studies are warranted to further elucidate sources of heterogeneity, as well as biosignature cytokines secreted by other immune cells.

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Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica

Tập 135 Số 5

373-387

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