Periodontal health and gingival diseases and conditions on an intact and a reduced periodontium: Consensus report of workgroup 1 of the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri‐Implant Diseases and Conditions

Journal of Periodontology - Tập 89 Số S1 - 2018
Iain Chapple1, Brian L. Mealey2, Thomas E. Van Dyke3, P. Mark Bartold4, Henrik Dommisch5, Peter Eickholz6, Maria L. Geisinger7, Robert J. Genco8, Michael Glogauer9, Moshe Goldstein10, Terrence J. Griffin11, Palle Holmstrup12, Georgia K. Johnson13, Yvonne L. Kapila14, Niklaus P. Lang15, Joerg Meyle16, Shinya Murakami17, Jacqueline Plemons18, Giuseppe Alexandre Romito19, Lior Shapira10, Dimitris N. Tatakis20, Wim Teughels21, Leonardo Trombelli22, Clemens Walter23, Gernot Wimmer24, Pinelopi Xenoudi25, Hiromasa Yoshie26
1Periodontal Research Group, Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical & Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK
2University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio USA
3The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
4School of Dentistry, University of Adelaide,, Australia
5Department of Periodontology and Synoptic Dentistry Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin Germany
6Department of Periodontology, Center for Oral Medicine, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany
7Department of Periodontology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA
8Department of Oral Biology, SUNY at Buffalo, NY, USA
9Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Canada
10Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
11Periodontal Department, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
12Periodontology, Section 1, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
13Department of Periodontology, University of Iowa College of Dentistry, Iowa City, IA, USA
14Orofacial Sciences, University of California San Francisco, USA
15Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Switzerland
16Department of Periodontology, University of Giessen, Germany
17Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Japan
18Department of Periodontics, Texas A&M College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA
19Division of Periodontology Department of Stomatology Dental School University of São Paulo Brazil
20Division of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
21Department of Oral Health Sciences, Periodontology, KU Leuven & Dentistry, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium
22Research Center for the Study of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases, University of Ferrara, Italy
23Department of Periodontology, Endodontology & Cariology University Centre for Dental Medicine University of Basel School of Dentistry Switzerland
24Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Medical University Graz, Austria
25Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, USA
26Division of Periodontology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Japan

Tóm tắt

AbstractPeriodontal health is defined by absence of clinically detectable inflammation. There is a biological level of immune surveillance that is consistent with clinical gingival health and homeostasis. Clinical gingival health may be found in a periodontium that is intact, i.e. without clinical attachment loss or bone loss, and on a reduced periodontium in either a non‐periodontitis patient (e.g. in patients with some form of gingival recession or following crown lengthening surgery) or in a patient with a history of periodontitis who is currently periodontally stable. Clinical gingival health can be restored following treatment of gingivitis and periodontitis. However, the treated and stable periodontitis patient with current gingival health remains at increased risk of recurrent periodontitis, and accordingly, must be closely monitored.Two broad categories of gingival diseases include non‐dental plaque biofilm–induced gingival diseases and dental plaque‐induced gingivitis. Non‐dental plaque biofilm‐induced gingival diseases include a variety of conditions that are not caused by plaque and usually do not resolve following plaque removal. Such lesions may be manifestations of a systemic condition or may be localized to the oral cavity. Dental plaque‐induced gingivitis has a variety of clinical signs and symptoms, and both local predisposing factors and systemic modifying factors can affect its extent, severity, and progression. Dental plaque‐induced gingivitis may arise on an intact periodontium or on a reduced periodontium in either a non‐periodontitis patient or in a currently stable “periodontitis patient” i.e. successfully treated, in whom clinical inflammation has been eliminated (or substantially reduced). A periodontitis patient with gingival inflammation remains a periodontitis patient (Figure 1), and comprehensive risk assessment and management are imperative to ensure early prevention and/or treatment of recurrent/progressive periodontitis.Precision dental medicine defines a patient‐centered approach to care, and therefore, creates differences in the way in which a “case” of gingival health or gingivitis is defined for clinical practice as opposed to epidemiologically in population prevalence surveys. Thus, case definitions of gingival health and gingivitis are presented for both purposes. While gingival health and gingivitis have many clinical features, case definitions are primarily predicated on presence or absence of bleeding on probing. Here we classify gingival health and gingival diseases/conditions, along with a summary table of diagnostic features for defining health and gingivitis in various clinical situations.

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Journal of Periodontology

Tập 89 Số S1

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