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Hồ sơ nuôi dạy con và các triệu chứng nội tâm hóa và ngoại tâm hóa ở trẻ trưởng thành: vai trò bảo vệ của sự tha thứ
Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Trang 1-14 - 2023
Tóm tắt
Các phương pháp nuôi dạy tiêu cực trong giai đoạn đầu đã lâu được cho là có liên quan đến nguyên nhân gốc rễ của các triệu chứng nội tâm hóa và ngoại tâm hóa ở những đứa trẻ trưởng thành. Tuy nhiên, rất ít thông tin về cách những hành vi nuôi dạy của cha mẹ tương tác với sự tha thứ của trẻ trưởng thành đối với cha mẹ trong việc bộc lộ các triệu chứng này ở tuổi trưởng thành. Việc hiểu mối quan hệ giữa nuôi dạy và sự tha thứ có thể rất quan trọng để xác định các phương pháp điều trị tinh chỉnh trong các can thiệp tâm lý xã hội cho các vấn đề sức khỏe tâm thần. Nghiên cứu bao gồm một mẫu người lớn (N = 287, độ tuổi trung bình = 24.17, 74.2% là nữ), những người đã hoàn thành bảng hỏi trực tuyến về hành vi nuôi dạy mà họ cảm nhận được trong thời thơ ấu/tuổi thanh thiếu niên, sự tha thứ đối với cha mẹ và các triệu chứng nội tâm hóa và ngoại tâm hóa hiện tại. Khoảng 75% mẫu nghiên cứu đã báo cáo bị tổn thương do sự bất công của cha mẹ. Phân tích Hồ sơ Tiềm ẩn (LPA) đã được sử dụng để xác định các hồ sơ nuôi dạy từ cha và mẹ dựa trên hai hành vi nuôi dạy tích cực (sự ấm áp và kiểm soát hành vi) và hai hành vi nuôi dạy tiêu cực (kẻ thù và kiểm soát tâm lý). Các hồ sơ nuôi dạy của mẹ và sự tha thứ đối với mẹ có liên quan đến các triệu chứng nội tâm hóa và ngoại tâm hóa của trẻ trưởng thành. Các hồ sơ nuôi dạy của cha chỉ liên quan đến các triệu chứng nội tâm hóa. Tuy nhiên, những trẻ trưởng thành trải qua sự nuôi dạy tích cực từ cha có ít triệu chứng ngoại tâm hóa hơn so với những cá nhân trải qua sự nuôi dạy tiêu cực từ cha, nhưng chỉ trong điều kiện có mức độ cao về sự tha thứ đối với cha. Kết quả cung cấp bằng chứng rằng sự tha thứ đối với cha mẹ có thể bảo vệ trẻ khỏi các vấn đề sức khỏe tâm thần, nhưng cũng làm nổi bật các tác động của việc nuôi dạy từ cha đến các triệu chứng ngoại tâm hóa, mà sự thay đổi có thể dựa trên sự khác biệt cá nhân trong sự tha thứ.
Từ khóa
#nuôi dạy trẻ #triệu chứng nội tâm hóa #triệu chứng ngoại tâm hóa #sự tha thứ #can thiệp tâm lý xã hộiTài liệu tham khảo
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