Para-organic intensification of future farming as alternative concept to reactor-based staple food production in Africa

Adamtey N, Musyoka MW, Zundel C, Cobo JG, Karanja E, Fiaboe KK, Muriuki A, Mucheru-Muna M, Vanlauwe B, Berset E (2016) Productivity, profitability and partial nutrient balance in maize-based conventional and organic farming systems in Kenya. Agric Ecosyst Environ 235:61–79 Ajayi OC, Place F, Akinnifesi FK, Sileshi GW (2011) Agricultural success from Africa: the case of fertilizer tree systems in southern Africa (Malawi, Tanzania, Mozambique, Zambia and Zimbabwe). Int J Agric Sustain 9(1):129–136 Alibu S, Neuhoff D, Senthilkumar K, Becker M, Köpke U (2019) Potential of cultivating dry season maize along a hydrological gradient of an inland valley in Uganda. Agronomy 2019(9):606 Baye K, Hirvonen K, Dereje M, Remans R (2019) Energy and nutrient production in Ethiopia, 2011-2015:implications to supporting healthy diets and food systems. PLoS One 14(3):e0213182. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0213182 Bhat ZF, Kumar S, Fayaz H (2015) In vitro meat production: challenges and benefits over conventional meat production. Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015 14(2):241–248 Bjornlund H, van Rooyen A, Stirzaker R (2017) Profitability and productivity barriers and opportunities in small-scale irrigation schemes. International Journal of Water Resources Development 33(5):690–704. https://doi.org/10.1080/07900627.2016.1263552 Brányiková I, Maršálková B, Doucha J, Brányik T, Bišová K, Zachleder V (2011) Microalgae - novel highly efficient starch producers. Biotechnol Bioeng 108:766–776 Burney, J.A. Naylor, RL, and Postel SL (2013) The case for distributed irrigation as a development priority in sub-Saharan Africa. PNAS 2013 vol. 110 no. 31 12513–12517 Chamberlin J, Jayne TS, Headey D (2014) Scarcity amidst abundance? Reassessing the potential for cropland expansion in Africa Food Policy 48:51–65 Farrell G, Schulten GGM (2002) Larger grain borer in Africa; a history of efforts to limit its impact. Integr Pest Manag Rev 7:67–84 Finlayson CM, Milton GR, Prentice RC, Davidson NC (eds) (2018) The wetland book: II: distribution, description, and conservation. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht Foley JA, Ramankutty N, Brauman KA, Cassidy ES, Gerber JS, Mueller ND, O’Connell C, Ray DK, West PC, Balzer C, Carpenter SR, Hill J, Monfreda C, Polasky S, Rockstroem J, Johnston M, Bennett EM, Sheehan J, Siebert S, Tilman D, Zaks DPM (2011) Solutions for a cultivated planet. Nature, Vol 478, 20 October 2011, 337–342 Gadédjisso-Tossou A, Avellán T, Schütze N (2020) Impact of irrigation strategies on maize (Zea mays L.) production in the savannah region of northern Togo (West Africa). Water SA 46(1):141–152. https://doi.org/10.17159/wsa/2020.v46.i1.7894 German L, Schoneveld G, Mwangi E (2013) Contemporary processes of large-scale land acquisition in sub-Saharan Africa: legal deficiency or elite capture of the rule of law? World Dev 48:1–18 Guibert H (1999) Évolution de la matière organique et de la capacité d’échange cationique des alfisols tropicaux cultivés Sciences agricoles. Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine, 1999. Français. NNT: 1999INPL086N Hodges R, Bennett C, Marc B, Felix R (2013) Tackling postharvest cereal losses in sub-Saharan Africa. Rural21 The International Journal for Rural Development 47:16–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2016.05.008 Hodges R, Bernard M, Rembold F (2014) APHLIS - Postharvest cereal losses in sub-Saharan Africa, their estimation, assessment and reduction. European Commission, Technical Report, January 2014, https://doi.org/10.2788/19582, online available: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/274634345_APHLIS_-_Postharvest_cereal_losses_in_Sub-Saharan_Africa_their_estimation_assessment_and_reduction/citation/download, URL accessed 1. May 2020 IAASTD (2009) Global report 2009: International Assessment of Agricultural Knowledge, Science and Technology for Development (IAASTD): global report / edited by Beverly D McIntyre . . [et al.].. ISBN 978-1-59726-538-6 Kassie M, Teklewold H, Jaleta M, Marenya P, Erenstein O (2015) Understanding the adoption of a portfolio of sustainable intensification practices in eastern and southern Africa. Land Use Policy 42:400–411 Kwesiga K, Grotelüschen, Neuhoff D, Senthilkumar K, Döring T, Becker M (2019) Site and management effects on grain yield and yield variability of rainfed lowland rice in the Kilombero floodplain of Tanzania. Agronomy 9(10):632. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9100632 Kwesiga K, Grotelüschen ND, Senthilkumar K, Döring T, Becker M (2020) Effect of organic amendments on the productivity of rainfed lowland rice in the Kilombero floodplain of Tanzania. Agronomy 10(9):1280. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10091280 Mäder P, Fliessbach A, Dubois D, Gunst L, Fried P, Niggli U (2002) Soil fertility and biodiversity in organic farming. Science 296:1694–1697 Mbow C, Smith P, Skole D, Duguma L, Bustamante M (2014) Achieving mitigation and adaptation to climate change through sustainable agroforestry practices in Africa. Curr Opin Environ Sustain 2014(6):8–14 Mutiro J, Lautze J (2015) Irrigation in southern Africa: success or failure? Irrigation and Drainage 64(2):180–192. https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.1892 Orzechowski A (2015) Artificial meat? Feasible approach based on the experience from cell culture studies. J Integr Agric 14:217–221 Rahmann G, Grimm D, Kuenz A, Hessel E (2019) Combining land-based organic and landless food production: a concept for a circular and sustainable food chain in Africa in 2100. Organic Agriculture:1–13 Sanchez PA (2002) Soil fertility and hunger in Africa. Science 295:2019–2020 Shipman MA, Symes MD (2017) Recent progress towards the electrosynthesis of ammonia from sustainable resources. Catalysis Today 286:57–68 Tefera T, Kanampiu F, de Groote H, Hellin J, Mugo S, Kimenju S, Beyene Y, Boddupalli PM, Shiferaw B, Banziger M (2011) The metal silo: an effective grain storage technology for reducing post-harvest insect and pathogen losses in maize while improving smallholder farmers’ food security in developing countries. Crop Prot 30:240–245 Tilman D, Cassman KG, Matson PA, Naylor R, Polasky S (2002) Agricultural sustainability and intensive production practices. Nature 418:671–677 Tittonell P, Giller KE (2013) When yield gaps are poverty traps: the paradigm of ecological intensification in African smallholder agriculture. FCR 143:76–90 Tittonell P, Leffelaar PA, Vanlauwe B, van Wijk MT, Giller KE (2006) Exploring diversity of crop and soil management within smallholder African farms: a dynamic model for simulation of N balances and use efficiencies at field scale. Agric Syst 91(1–2):71–101 van Ittersum MK, van Bussel LGJ, Wolf J, Grassini P, van Wart J, Guilpart N, Claessens L, de Groot H, Wiebe K, Mason-D’Croz D, Yang H, Boogaard H, van Oort PAJ, van Loon MP, Saito K, Adimo O, Adjei-Nsiah S, Agali A, Bala A, Chikowo R, Kaizzi K, Kouressy M, Makoi JHJR, Ouattara K, Tesfaye K, Cassman KG (2016) Can sub-Saharan Africa feed itself? Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 113(52):14,964–14,969. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1610359113