Paint has the potential to release microplastics, nanoplastics, inorganic nanoparticles, and hybrid materials

Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Cheng Fang1, Wenhao Zhou2, Jianhang Hu2, Chengqing Wu3, Junfeng Niu4, Ravi Naidu5
1Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
2College of Chemistry and Materials, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330045, China
3School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510206, China
4College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
5CRC for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia

Tóm tắt

Abstract Background When we paint our houses or offices, we might paint plastic, because most paints are generally formulated with polymer binders. After drying and curing, the binders fix the colourants on the painted surface as a film of plastic mixture, which is tested herein using Raman imaging to analyse and directly visualise the hybrid plastic-colourant (titanium dioxide or TiO2 nanoparticles). Results For the plastic mixture or hybrid, the co-existence and competition between the Raman signals of plastic and TiO2 complicate the individual analysis, which should be carefully extracted and separated in order to avoid the weak signal of plastic to be masked by that of TiO2. This is particularly important when considering the Raman activity of TiO2 is much stronger than that of plastic. Plastic is observed to coat the TiO2 nanoparticle surface, individually or as a bulk to embed the TiO2 nanoparticles as mixture or hybrid. Once branched, pended, scratched or aged, the paint can also be peeled off from the painted surface, including gyprock, wood and glass, releasing microplastics and nanoplastics (coating onto the individual TiO2 nanoparticle surface or embedding the TiO2 nanoparticles, or individually as particles) in potential. Conclusions Our test sends us a warning that we are surrounded by plastic items that might release microplastics and nanoplastics in potential, for which the risk assessment is needed. Overall, Raman imaging is a suitable approach to effectively characterise microplastics and nanoplastics, even from the mixture with the hybrid background and the complicated interference. Graphical Abstract

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