Tổng quan về những phát triển gần đây trong khả năng chống cháy của polycarbonate
Tóm tắt
Bài báo này trình bày một cái nhìn tổng quan về các tài liệu gần đây liên quan đến khả năng chống cháy của polycarbonate (PC) và các loại nhựa dựa trên polycarbonate. Một khảo sát ngắn về các cơ chế chính của sự phân hủy nhiệt của PC cũng được trình bày vì nó cung cấp cái nhìn sâu sắc về các cơ chế tác động chống cháy. Chủ yếu các phòng thí nghiệm công nghiệp tham gia vào việc phát triển các chất chống cháy mới cho PC và, ở mức độ thấp hơn nhiều, các phòng thí nghiệm học thuật thực hiện nghiên cứu về các khía cạnh cơ chế của khả năng chống cháy. Số lượng bằng sáng chế được công bố hàng năm về khả năng chống cháy của PC và các hỗn hợp của nó vượt xa số lượng bằng sáng chế về khả năng chống cháy của bất kỳ loại polymer nào khác. Bởi vì PC là một loại polymer có khả năng tạo cháy tự nhiên cao, các chất chống cháy dạng ngưng tụ, đặc biệt là các chất dựa trên phospho, được sử dụng rộng rãi trong các hỗn hợp dựa trên PC. PC đơn thuần có thể vượt qua các bài kiểm tra khả năng chống cháy khắt khe với rất ít sự bổ sung của một số chất chống cháy dựa trên lưu huỳnh hoặc silicone. Bản quyền © 2005 Hiệp hội Công nghiệp Hóa học
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Pham HT, 1997, Handbook of Thermoplastics, 609
Freitag D, 1988, Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering, 648
GreenJ inProceedings of Conference on Recent Advances in Flame Retardancy of Polymeric Materials Stamford CT pp1–14(1991).
Davis A, 1965, Nature (London), 206, 397
Montaudo G, 1991, Polym Degrad Stab, 31, 285
Factor A, 1990, Fire and Polymers. Hazards Identification and Prevention, 275
GeranT FinbergI ReznikG HiniS PlewinskyDandBar YaakovY inProceedings of the Conference Recent Advances in Flame Retardancy of Polymeric Materials Stamford CT pp113–122(2003).
FoxDW(to GE) US Patent 3 855 277 (1974).
HozumiY OhiA TogaY YoshizakiandTakanohashiH(to Daicel and Mitsubishi Chemicals) US Patent 3 947 524 (1976).
FinbergIandUtevskiL(to Bromine Compounds) US Patent 6 632 870 (2003).
SaitoAandYamaguchiS(to GE) PCT Patent Application WO 99/61523 (1999).
TakemuraK EguchiK TakagiMandOgawaT(to Kawasaki Steel) Eur Patent Application 0 947 560 (1999).
ShipingM(to GE) Eur Patent Application 1 381 645 (2004).
EckelT BodigerM WittmannDandAlbertsH(to Bayer) PCT Patent Application WO 98/530002 (1998).
MitsutaNandNoderaA(to Idemitsu Petrochemical) US Patent 6 548 624 (2003).
SeidelA EckelT KellerBandWittmann(to Bayer) Eur Patent Application 1 265 954 (2002).
MatsumotoK KoyamaT OnoY FujitaK OharaYandHirobeK(to Kaneka) US Patent 6 329 451 (2001).
NouvertneW(to Bayer) US Patent 3 775 367 (1973).
MarkV(to GE) US Patent 3 940 366 (1976).
InnesJandInnesA inProceedings of AFSC Conference Las Vegas CA (2004).
IshliKandShimomaiK(to Mitsubishi Chemicals) US Patent 6 342 550 (2002).
BlackburnKJ GallucciRRandGeorgievEM(to GE) US Patent 6 605 659 (2003).
HornKandFranssenH(to Bayer) PCT Patent Application 04/035672 (2004).
RosenquistNR SinghRKandWengroviusJH(to GE) Eur Patent Application 1 278 798 (2003).
GoossensJMD HendrixBPG Van der HeijdenW MaasCJJandVerhoogtH(to GE) Eur Application 1 385 909 (2004).
NoderaAandKitayamaM(to Idemitsu) Eur Patent Application 1 369 457 (2003).
BoydSD LamannaWMandKlunTP(to 3M) Eur Patent Application 1 348 005 (2003).
BialousCA LuceBandMarkV(to GE) US Patent 3 971 756 (1976).
SerizawaSandIjiM(to NEC) US Patent 6 001 921 (1999).
HatanakaH ShiromotoK UekiHandMoritaY(to Dow Corning Toray Silicone) Eur Patent Application 1 094 093 (2001).
IjiM SerizawaS YamamotoA YamayaM YamamotoKandKobayashiY(to NEC and Shin‐Etsu) US Patent 6 284 824 (2001).
SaitoA KitamuraT IshidaH TakezawaY HorieYandZenbayashiM(to GE) US Patent 6 451 906 (2002).
SaitoA IshidaH TakezawaYandHorieY(to GE) Eur Patent Application 1 272 565 (2003).
MatsumotoK OnoYandYoshidaR(to Kaneka) Eur Patent Application 1 293 551 (2003).
OdaHandKuwataK(to Asahi Kasei) Eur Patent Application 1 302 510 (2003).
IjiM SerizawaS UmeyamaS ShinomiyaTandSatoI(to Sumitomo Dow) US Patent 660 238 (2003).
OnoT ItagakiA YamayaMandKobayashiY(to Teijin) Eur Patent Application 1 288 262 (2003).
DavisGCandLewisLN(to GE) US Patent 5 955 542 (1999).
RajagopalanP CampbellJRandLewisLN(to GE) US Patent 6 518 357 (2003).
RomaneskoD SchmidtR TogashiAandWieberG(to Dow Corning and Dow Corning Toray Silicone) PCT Patent Application WO 03/097745 (2003).
MiyatakeN TakikawaK NakamoriDandHamaguchiS(to Kaneka) US Patent 6 545 116 (2003).
CellaJA FishburnJRandManholdJA(to GE) US Patent 6 630 525 (2003).
Iji M, 2001, Specialty Polymer Additives. Principles and Applications, 293
NishiharaH SudaYandSakumaT inProceedings of FRCA Conference San Francisco CA pp1–12(2001).
MiebachT CampbellJR MaruganMMandEbelingTA(to GE) PCT Patent Application WO 03/042305 (2003).
CampbellJRandMiebachT(to GE) PCT Patent Application WO 04/016685 (2004).
Morgan AB, 1999, Polym Prepr, 40, 553
OishiT SuzukiJ OhkawaK FurusawaS OnoHandSugazakiK(to Mitsui Toatsu) US Patent 5 869 184 (1999).
FishburnJR GijzenEMA GoossensJMD Van der HeijdenW Van HoutHHMandVerhoogtH(to GE) US Patent 651 8340 (2003).
GoossensJMD Van der Heijden HooglandG De MoorJJMandVerhoogt(to GE) US Patent 6 635 698 (2003).
KitaharaT HosokawaKandShimizuT(to Daikin Industries) US Patent 6 503 988 (2003).
LeeK‐C YangS‐JandJangB‐N(to Cheil) US Patent 5 952 408 (1999).
OkadaK MaedaY MotoshigeRandNoroM(to Techno Polymer) US Patent 6 071 992 (2000).
UedaE KasaharaH MatsubaraKandKatsumaraT(to Asahi Kasei) US Patent 6 083 428 (2000).
KatayamaMandHamanoH(to Daicel) US Patent 6 417 257 (2002).
EckelT SeidelA KellerBandWittmann(to Bayer) Eur Patent Application 1 341 848 (2003).
GreenJ inProceeding of the Meeting on Recent Advances in Flame Retardancy of Polymeric Materials Stamford CT May pp162–179(1992).
TakagiK NishidaK MasukiT MiyaSandNaritaK(to Mitsubishi) US Patent 6 177 492 (2001).
EckelT OomsP WittmannDandBuyschH‐J(to Bayer) Ger Patent 4 231 774 (1994).
Lide DR, 1991, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 3
Levchik SV, 2001, Specialty Polymer Additives. Principles and Application, 259
McPersonA(to FMC) PCT Patent Application WO 99/040152 (1999).
MunroS(to Great Lakes Chemicals) US Patent 6 140 399 (2000).
ShinJH YangS‐JandChangYK(to Cheil) US Patent 6 593 404 (2003).
AaronsonAM inProceedings of the Conference on Recent Advances in Flame Retardancy of Polymeric Materials Stamford CT pp182–186(1996).
BarrenJP ChenF‐SF GeorgeER CatsmanPD GovaertsLCandVan der WalRR(to GE) PCT Patent Application WO 99/050353 (1999).
CatsmanP GovaertsLCandLucasR(GE) PCT Patent Application WO 00/018844 (2000).
GaggarSKandChenF‐CF(to GE) Eur Patent 0 771 851 (2003).
NanbaNandNasuH(to Asahi Kasei) US Patent 6 177 542 (2000).
Van der HelderL(to GE) PCT Patent Application WO 99/057198 (1999).
KoyamaTandAsadaM(to Kanegafuchi) US Patent 5 871 570 (1999).
EckelT WittmannDandBeicherH(to Bayer) US Patent 6 590 015 (2003).
NoderaAandMitsutaN(to Idemitsu) US Patent 6 150 443 (2000).
NoderaA MitsuraNandTakeuchiN(to Idemitsu) US Patent 6 197 857 (2001).
WroczynskiRJ(to GE) Eur Patent 0 909 790 (2004).
NoderaAandMtsutaN(to Idemitsu) Eur Patent Application 1 340 794 (2003).
CampbellJR ResueJA RodgersPAandWroczynskiRJ(to GE) Eur Patent Application 0 936 243 (1999).
BoelgerM EckelT WittmannDandAlbertsH(to Bayer) US Patent 5 849 827 (1998).
ZobelM EckelT WittmannDandKellerB(to Bayer) US Patent 6 414 107 (2002).
SeidelA EckelT ZobelM DerrTandWittmannD(to Bayer) PCT Patent Application WO 01/48074 (2001).
HiranoY KikuchiN SuginoM FernyhoughA DavisMT ToyP CapitelliJAandIvesPJ(to Mitsubishi) US Patent 6 448 316 (2002).
Van der HelderLandComuL(to GE) PCT Patent Application WO 00/06648 (2000).
MortonML KhouriFFandCampbellJR(to GE) PCT Patent Application WO 99/43747 (1999).
KimSR ChoiYJandSongJS(to Samsung) US Patent 5 864 004 (1999).
EckelT ZobelM WittmannD DerrTandKellerB(to Bayer) Ger Patent Application DE 19914137 (2000).
MiyamotoA HachiyaHandNanbaN(to Asahi Kasei) US Patent 6 512 077 (2003).
SeidelA EckelT WittmannDandKurzidimD(to Bayer) PCT Patent Application WO 04/013229 (2004).
EckelT SeidelA Gonzalez‐BlancoJandWittmannD(to Bayer) PCT Patent Application WO 04/01150001 (2004).
BurkhardtEW BrightDA LevchikS DashevskySandBuczekM(to Akzo Nobel) US Patent 6 717 005 (2004).
FujiguchiT ChoateK SawanoY SaitoAandItoiH(to GE) US Patent 6 613 820 (2003).
SeidelA EckelT PeuckerUandWittmann(to Bayer) Eur Patent Application 1 355 987 (2003).
TabushiKandMoriB(to Nippon A&L) Eur Patent Application 1 336 645 (2003).
ZobelM SeidelA EckelT DerrTandWittmannD(to Bayer) Eur Patent Application 1 373 408 (2004).
SuW‐YandShiuehD‐B(to Chi Mei) GB Patent 2 332 203 (1999).
KatayamaM ItoMandOtsukaY(to Daicel) US Patent 6 316 579 (2001).
MatsumotoK(to Kaneka) Eur Patent 0 992 542 (2003).
MatsumotoK KoyamaT OnoY FujitaK OharaYandHirobeK(to Kaneka) US Patent 6 174 943 (2001).
NoderaA(to Idemitsu) US Patent 6 127 465 (2000).
NoderaA(to Idemitsu) US Patent 6 331 584 (2001).
EckelT ZobelM WittmannDandJankeN(to Bayer) PCT Patent Application WO 99/36474 (1999).
EckelT ZobelM WittmannD DerrTandOllerM(to Bayer) Ger Patent Application 19 914 139 (1999).
NoroM ItohH HigakiKandMiyazakiH(to Techno Polymer) US Patent 6 590 016 (2003).
LimJ‐C KwonI‐HandJangB‐N(to Cheil) Fr Patent 2 781 807 (2000).
LimJ‐C KwonI‐HandLeeJ‐H(to Cheil) Eur Patent Application 1 069 156 (2001).
LeeK‐C YangS‐JandJangB‐N(to Cheil) Eur Patent 0 731 140 (2003).
EckelT ZobelM KellerBandWittmannD(to Bayer) US Patent 6 590 015 (2003).
EckelT SeidelA WittmannDandPeukerU(to Bayer) Euro Patent Application 1 363 973 (2003).
WeberMandMassoneK(to BASF) Eur Patent Application 0 816 434 (1998).
EckelT WittmannDandStoeltingJ(to Bayer) US Patent 6 583 204 (2003).
EckelT WittmannD ZobelMandAlbertsH(to Bayer) Eur Patent 1 003 808 (2002).
KimS‐H JungD‐S ParkD‐KandParkJ‐H(to Song‐Won) PCT Patent Application WO 03/078522 (2003).
LimJCandYangSJ(to Cheil) PCT Patent Application WO 04/016691 (2004).
LimJCandYangSL(to Cheil) PCT Patent Application WO 04/007611 (2004).
SeidelA BaumannK EckelT ZobelM StoeltingJandWittmannD(to Bayer) Eur Patent Application 1 351 965 (2003).
KatayamaM(to Daicel) Eur Patent EP 0943653 (2003).
KobayashiM(to Daicel) US Patent 5 994 433 (1999).
SatoS(to GE) Eur Patent EP 0767204 (2003).
KoolaJD(to Rhodia) US Patent 6 140 398 (2000).
ChungHR CheongMKandKwonCH(to Samsung) Br Patent 2 325 933 (1998).
LinJ‐C SeoK‐HandYangS‐J(to Cheil) US Patent 6 576 161 (2003).
YangJ‐H HongS‐H LeeG‐C JangB‐NandBaeS‐H(to Cheil) PCT Patent Application WO 02/100947 (2002).
KimuraR KamimotoTandHaysahiK YukutakeH NishiyamaT(to Asahi Denka) Eur Patent Application 1 304 350 (2003).
EckelT ZobelMandWittmannD(to Bayer) Eur Patent 1 047 724 (2002).
EckelTandSeidelA(to Bayer) Eur Patent Application 1 341 841 (2003).
LevchikSV DashevskySandBrightDA inProceedings of the Conference on Recent Advances in Flame Retardancy of Polymeric MaterialsStamford CT pp156–171(2000).
PapazoglouEandBuszardD inProceedings of Fall FRCA Conference Tuscon AZ pp163–180(1999).
CarnahanJW HaafW NelsonG LeeG AbolinsVandShankP inProceedings of 4th International Conference on Flammability and Safety San Francisco CA pp312–318(1979).
BrightDA DashevskyS MoyPYandTuK‐MinProceedings of ANTEC Conference Vol 2 Atlanta GA pp854–857(1998).
Deanin RD, 1995, Fire and Polymers II. Materials and Tests for Hazard Prevention, 57
GreenJ inProceedings of ANTEC Conference Vol 3 Boston MA pp3544–3548(1995).
HastieJWandBonnellDW Molecular Chemistry of Inhibited Combustion Systems Report of National Bureau of Standards NBSIR 80–2169 Washington DC (1980).
GreenJandTennesenCA inProceedings of the Conference on Recent Advances in Flame Retardancy of Polymeric Materials Stamford CT pp198–204(1991).
Green J, 1992, Flame Retardants '92, 168
TodtemannGandReinikingK(to Bayer) Ger Patent 3 523 316 (1987).
BuczardDLandRecchiaI(to Ciba‐Geigy) Eur Patent Application 0430876 (1991).
ZobelM EckelT DerrTandWittmannD(to Bayer) US Patent 6 528 561 (2003).
ZobelM EckelT DerrTandWittmannD(to Bayer) Eur Patent Application EP 1214380 (2002).
ZobelM EckelT DerrTandWittmannD(to Bayer) Eur Patent Application EP 1220877 (2002).
CampbellJRandTalleyJJ(to GE) US Patent 5973041 (1999).
BastienasJHP CampbellJRandGovaertsLC(to GE) Eur Patent Application 1 144 498 (2002).
CampbellJR TalleyJJ FalconeNS GoossensJM GovaertsLC VerhoogtHE LucasRZandFishburnJR(to GE) US Patent 6 221 939 (2001).
CampbellJR TalleyJJ FalconeNS GoossensJMD GovaertsLC VerhoogtH LucasR FishburnJR PatelNCandReitzML(to GE) US Patent 6 388 046 (2002).
FalconeNS CampbellJRandFishburnJR(to GE) US Patent 6 569 929 (2003).
CampbellJR FalconeNS GoossensJM GovaertsLC VerhoogtHEandLucasRZ(to GE) PCT Patent Application 00/12614 (2000).
CampbellJR VerhoogtHE Van der HeijdenW Van der VeekenEHJ FalconeNS GoossensJMD GovaertsLC LucasRZandFishburnJR(to GE) US Patent 6 433 046 (2002).
McEuenJM BeltzMWandKumarG(to Albemarle) US Patent 6 414 060 (2002).
MaruyamaKandMotoshigeR(to Mitsubishi) Eur Patent Application 0 728 811 (1996).
EckelT ZobelMandWittmannD(to Bayer) US Patent 6 613 822 (2003).
LimJC HongSHandSeoKH(to Cheil) PCT Patent Application 03/020827 (2003).
NakachoY YabuharaT TudaYandNishiokaY(to Otsuka) US Patent 6 528 559 (2003).
LimJCandYangSJ(to Cheil) PCT Patent Application 04/007611 (2004).
TadaY NishiokaY YabuharaT KameshimaTandNakanoS(to Otsuka) US Patent 6 632 891 (2003).
NoderaAandMitsuraN(to Idemitsu) US Patent 6 465 555 (2002).
VerhoogtH De MoorJJ KhouriFFandTakekoshiT(to GE) Eur Patent Application 0 899 301 (1999).
WeidnerRandOdaH(to Wacker‐Chemie and Asahi Kasei) US Patent 6 541 548 (2003).
ItagakiAandYamayaM(to Shin‐Etsu) Eur Patent Application 1 342 753 (2003).