Organic apple production in Washington State: An input–output analysis

Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems - Tập 21 Số 2 - Trang 134-141 - 2006
Pon Nya Mon1, David W. Holland2
1Department of Political Science/Criminal Justice Program, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
2Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA

Tóm tắt

This paper provides an input–output (I/O)-based economic impact analysis for organic apple production in Washington State. The intent is to compare the economic ‘ripple’ effect of organic production with conventional production. The analysis is presented in two scenarios: first we compare the economic impact of organic versus conventional apple production for a final demand increase of US$1 million as measured in sales. In the second analysis, the economic impacts of organic and conventional apple production are compared in terms of a given unit of land (405 ha of production). Both state-wide output (sales) and employment (jobs) impacts are estimated under each scenario. Results are presented in terms of direct, indirect, and induced economic impact. Organic apple production was more labor intensive than conventional production. While the organic apple sector used less intermediate inputs per unit of output than conventional production, it also produced higher returns to labor and capital. As a result, the indirect economic effect was lower for the organic sector than the conventional sector, but the induced economic effect was higher for organic. Given the organic price premium, the economic impact (direct, indirect and induced) was larger for organic apple production than conventional apple production.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Beattie, 1993, The Economics of Production, 28

Holland, 2001, The role of agriculture and food processing in the Chilean economy: results from an input–output analysis, Estudio De Economia, 28(2), 293

10.1080/09535310050005671

Lin,, 1999, Paper presented in the American Agricultural Economics Association Annual Meeting

16 Leatherman, J. C. 1994. Input–output analysis of the Kickapoo River Valley. Working Paper 94.2, Department of Urban and Regional Planning, University of Wisconsin-Madison.

13 Glover J. , Hinman H. , Reganold J. and Andrews P. 2002. A cost of production analysis of conventional vs. integrated vs. organic apple production systems Agricultural Research Center Publication, Washington State University

Horton, 1995, Business and Economics Research Associates

Granatstein, 2000, Trends in organic tree fruit production

07 Washington State Department of Agriculture. 2004. International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements: World board meeting, Anacortes, WA, September 17 2004. Quarterly Report, Vol. 1:, Issue 3.

Greene, 2003, Amber Waves

2001, Consumer facts and market information

02 Organic Trade Association. National Organic Standard Board Definition of Organic. Greenfield, MA. Available at Web site http://www.ota.com/organic/definition.html verified 23 April 2004

Willer, 2004, The World of Organic Agriculture—Statistics and Emerging Trends—2004, 7

10.2307/1927837

Maki,, 1989, Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics, P89

2004, Organic Food and Beverage Trends 2004: Lifestyles, Language and Category Adoption

2004, The OTA 2004 manufacturer survey overview 2004

10.1038/35073574

14 US Department of AgricultureUS Department of Agriculture 1999. 1997 Census of Agriculture: Washington State and County Data1 National Agricultural Statistics Service

15 Willis D. and Holland D. 1997. Translating farm enterprise budgets into input output accounts: another example from Washington state Department of Agricultural Economics, Washington State University

Granatstein, 2004, Organic farm acreage in Washington State–2003

10.1017/S0889189300004495

1999, IMPLAN Professional: User's Guide, Analysis Guide, Data Guide

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems

Tập 21 Số 2

134-141

Thông tin tác giả