Độc tính của axit hữu cơ, khả năng dung nạp và sản xuất trong các ứng dụng tinh chế sinh học của Escherichia coli

Microbial Cell Factories - Tập 4 Số 1 - 2005
Tanya Warnecke1, Ryan T. Gill1
1Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, UCB424/ECCH120, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA

Tóm tắt

Tóm tắt

Axit hữu cơ là những hóa chất nền có giá trị cho các ứng dụng tinh chế sinh học trong tương lai. Các ứng dụng này liên quan đến việc chuyển đổi nguồn nguyên liệu tái tạo giá rẻ thành đường nền, sau đó được chuyển đổi thành hóa chất nền thông qua quá trình lên men và tiếp tục được chuyển hóa thành hóa chất số lượng lớn thông qua các con đường xúc tác thông thường. Axit hữu cơ có độc tính đối với nhiều vi sinh vật, chẳng hạn như Escherichia coli, được đề xuất làm các chủ thể nền cho tinh chế sinh học ở nồng độ thấp hơn mức cần thiết cho sản xuất kinh tế. Độc tính này có hai khía cạnh bao gồm không chỉ sự ức chế sinh trưởng do độ pH thấp mà còn cả các tác động đặc hiệu của anion đối với quá trình chuyển hóa cũng như ảnh hưởng đến sự phát triển. E. coli duy trì khả năng sống sót ở độ pH rất thấp thông qua một số cơ chế dung nạp khác nhau, bao gồm nhưng không giới hạn ở việc sử dụng các phản ứng khử cacboxyl giải phóng proton, các chất vận chuyển ion loại bỏ proton, tăng cường biểu hiện của các gen phản ứng với stress đã biết, và thay đổi thành phần màng tế bào. Mục tiêu của bài tổng quan ngắn này là nghiên cứu độc tính của axit hữu cơ và các cơ chế dung nạp liên quan, cũng như một số ví dụ về quy trình sản xuất axit hữu cơ thành công cho E. coli.

Từ khóa

#độc tính axit hữu cơ #khả năng dung nạp #Escherichia coli #tinh chế sinh học

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