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Các túi nicotine dạng miệng với dư vị? Phần 2: độc tính in vitro trên các tế bào nguyên bào sợi nướu người
Tóm tắt
Các túi nicotine chứa ít các chất độc hại đặc trưng hơn so với các sản phẩm thuốc lá thông thường. Tuy nhiên, những rủi ro liên quan đến độc tính và tiềm năng nghiện vẫn chưa được làm rõ. Do đó, các chỉ số độc tính và thành phần các chất tạo hương đã được nghiên cứu trong nghiên cứu này. Độc tính in vitro của năm loại túi nicotine khác nhau và snus tham chiếu CRP1.1 đã được nghiên cứu trên các tế bào nguyên bào sợi nướu người (HGF-1). Các tế bào đã được tiếp xúc với chiết xuất sản phẩm (nồng độ nicotine: 0.03–1.34 mg/mL) và mẫu được lấy tại các thời điểm khác nhau. Độc tính tế bào, mức độ tổng hợp các sản phẩm oxy phản ứng (ROS) và những thay đổi trong mức độ biểu hiện của các gen viêm và stress oxy đã được đánh giá. Các hợp chất tạo hương được sử dụng trong các túi nicotine đã được xác định bằng GC–MS. Độc tính tế bào đã được quan sát thấy ở hai túi nicotine. Mức độ biểu hiện của interleukin 6 (IL6) và heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1) đã được tăng cường bởi một và ba túi tương ứng. Sản xuất ROS đã được tăng lên hoặc giảm xuống, bởi một túi mỗi loại. CRP1.1 đã gây tăng cường IL6 và sản xuất ROS gia tăng. Độc tính không phụ thuộc trực tiếp vào nồng độ nicotine và độ thẩm thấu. Tổng cộng có 56 hương liệu đã được phát hiện trong năm túi nicotine. Bảy hương liệu đã được phân loại theo hệ thống phân loại nguy hiểm hòa hợp như được quy định trong quy định phân loại, ghi nhãn và bao bì của Châu Âu. Chín hương liệu là các độc tố tế bào đã biết. Độc tính tế bào, viêm nhiễm, và phản ứng stress oxy cho thấy rằng các tác động bất lợi như tổn thương cục bộ trên niêm mạc miệng có thể xảy ra sau khi sử dụng sản phẩm mãn tính. Kết luận, các hương liệu sử dụng trong các túi nicotine có thể góp phần vào độc tính của các túi nicotine.
Từ khóa
#nicotine pouches #toxicity #flavoring substances #human gingival fibroblasts #interleukin 6 #oxidative stressTài liệu tham khảo
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