Occupational and Educational Aspirations and Attainment of Young Adults With and Without LD 2 Years After High School Completion

Journal of Learning Disabilities - Tập 32 Số 6 - Trang 533-552 - 1999
Jay W. Rojewski1
1Department of Occupational Studies, University of Georgia, 210 Rivers' Crossing, Athens, GA 30602

Tóm tắt

A national longitudinal database was used to compare the aspirations and attainment of individuals with and without learning disabilities (LD) 2 years after high school completion. Analyses revealed that individuals with LD reported lower graduation rates, were more likely to aspire to moderate- (men) or low-prestige (women) occupations, and were more likely to be employed and less likely to be enrolled in some type of postsecondary education program than their nondisabled peers. High educational aspirations in Grade 12 and successful completion of an academic or college-prep high school program were equally important in predicting 2-year postsecondary status for adolescents enrolled in postsecondary education regardless of disability status. However, depending on disability status, different predictors were identified for individuals who were either employed or out of the workforce. These results point to a continued need for transition planning and support for young adults with LD and suggest ways in which professionals can anticipate and adjust for identified differences in aspirations and postsecondary attainment.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

10.2307/1510698

10.2307/1511328

Bakeman, R., 1994, Understanding log-linear analysis with ILOG: An interactive approach

Betz, N.E. (1993). Basic issues and concepts in career counseling for women. In W. B. Walsh & S. H. Osipow (Eds.), Career counseling for women (pp. 1-41). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

Betz, N.E., 1987, The career psychology of women

10.1177/088572888500800103

10.1177/001440299606200502

10.1177/168781408903300303

Butler-Nadin, P. & Wagner, M. (1991). Enrollment in postsecondary schools. In M. Wagner, L. Newman, & R. D'Amico (Eds.), Youth with disabilities: How are they doing? The first comprehensive report from the National Longitudinal Transition Study of special education students (Ch. 9, pp. 19-24). Menlo Park, CA: SRI International.

Cohen, J., 1988, Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences

Conger, A.J., 1976, National Longitudinal Study of high school class of 1972. Reliability and validity of National Longitudinal Study measures: An empirical reliability analysis of selected data and a review of the literature on the validity and reliability of survey research questionnaires

Conger, A.J., Dunteman, S.S. & Dunteman, G.H. (1977). National Longitudinal Study of high school seniors, group profiles on self-esteem, locus of control, and life goals. Durham, NC: Research Triangle Institute, Center for Educational Research and Evaluation. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 151 395)

10.1002/j.2161-0045.1989.tb00831.x

10.1177/002221948702000306

D'Amico, R. (1991). The working world awaits: Employment experiences during and shortly after secondary school. In M. Wagner, L. Newman, & R. D'Amico (Eds.), Youth with disabilities: How are they doing? The first comprehensive report from the National Longitudinal Transition Study of special education students (Ch. 8, pp. 1-55). Menlo Park, CA: SRI International.

D'Amico, R., 1991, The early work experiences of youth with disabilities: Trends in employment rates and job characteristics

10.1006/jvbe.1993.1045

10.1177/001440298905600107

10.1177/002221949002300604

10.1177/002221949402700106

10.1177/001440298705300610

Fairweather, J.S., 1991, Exceptional Children, 58, 264

Fitzgerald, L.F., Fassinger, R.E. & Betz, N.E. (1995). Theoretical advances in the study of women's career development. In W. B. Walsh & S. H. Osipow (Eds.), Handbook of vocational psychology: Theory, research, and practice (2nd ed., pp. 67-109). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.

10.1177/002221949102400704

10.1016/0001-8791(81)90001-4

10.1016/0001-8791(84)90018-6

10.2307/1510399

Hall, R.H., 1994, Sociology of work: Perspectives, analyses, and issues

Haller, E.J., 1993, Education, 9, 170

10.1177/001440299105800303

10.1177/002221949002300206

Hotchkiss, L. & Borow, H. (1996). Sociological perspectives on work and career development . In D. Brown & L. Brooks (Eds.), Career choice and development (3rd ed., pp. 281-334). San Francisco : Jossey-Bass.

Huberty, C.J., 1994, Applied discriminant analysis

Huberty, C.J., 1989, Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 22, 158, 10.1080/07481756.1989.12022925

Huberty, C.J. & Wisenbaker, J.M. (1992). Discriminant analysis: Potential improvements in typical practice. In B. Thompson (Ed.), Advances in Social Science Methodology (Vol. 2, pp. 169-208). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.

Ingels, S.J., 1994, National educational longitudinal study of 1988. Second follow-up: Student component data file user's manual

Ingels, S.J. & Scott, L.A. (1993). Exclusion of students with barriers to participation in NELS: 88 —Baseline excluded students two and four years later. Chicago: National Opinion Research Center . (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. 360 371)

Ingels, S.J., 1992, National education longitudinal study of 1988: First follow-up student component data file user's manual

Ingels, S.J., Scott, L.A., Rock, D., Pollack, J. & Rasinski, K. (1994). NELS:88 first follow-up final technical report . Washington, DC: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Educational Statistics . (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. 379 315)

10.1016/0001-8791(89)90015-8

Kanouse, D.E., Haggerstrom, G.W., Blaschke, T.J., Kahan, J.P., Lisowski, W. & Morrison, P.A. (1980). Effects of postsecondary education on aspirations, attitudes, and self-conceptions. Santa Monica, CA: Rand Corp. ( ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 214 430)

Kaufman, P., Rasinski, K., Lee, R. & West, J. (1991). Quality of the responses of eighth-grade students in NELS:88. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Educational Statistics.

10.1177/000494418803200101

Kennedy, J.J., 1992, Analyzing qualitative data: Log-linear analysis for behavioral research, 2

Keogh, B.K., 1982, A system of marker variables for the field of learning disabilities

10.4135/9781412984843

10.1177/088572888901200211

10.1093/sf/56.3.900

Lent, R.W., Brown, S.D. & Hackett, G. (1996). Career development from a social cognitive perspective . In D. Brown & L. Brooks (Eds.), Career choice and development (3rd ed., pp. 423-475). San Francisco : Jossey-Bass.

Lerner, J.W., 1996, Learning disabilities: Theories, diagnosis, and teaching strategies, 7

Lyon, G.R. (1987). Learning disabilities research: False starts and broken promises. In S. Vaughn & C. S. Bos (Eds.), Research in learning disabilities: Issues and future directions (pp. 69-85). Austin, TX: PRO-ED.

10.1037/0022-0167.34.4.443

Menard, S., 1995, Applied logistic regression analysis

Michaels, C. A., 1994, Transition strategies for persons with learning disabilities

10.1177/875687059401300110

10.1177/002221949002300605

Mitchell, L.K. & Krumboltz, J.D. (1996). Krumboltz's learning theory of career choice and counseling. In D. Brown & L. Brooks (Eds.), Career choice and development (3rd ed., pp. 233-280). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

10.1177/002221949302600501

10.2307/1511180

National Education Longitudinal Study: 1988-94 [CD-ROM database]., 1996, U.S. Department of Education. Office of Educational Research and Improvement

10.1177/001440298905600310

10.1177/105345128902500104

Nichols, R.C. (1992). The national longitudinal studies: A window on the school-to-employment transition. In A. J. Paulter, Jr. (Ed.), High school to employment transition: Contemporary issues (pp. 49-60). Ann Arbor, MI: Prakken.

Norusis, M.J., 1988, SPSS/PC+ advanced statistics v2.0

Owings, J., 1994, A guide to using NELS:88 data

10.1177/002221949202500701

Rock, D.A. & Pollack, J.M. (1991). Psychometric report for the NELS:88 base year test battery. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. 334 241)

10.1177/088572889301600104

Rojewski, J.W. (1994). Applying theories of career behavior to special populations: Implications for secondary vocational transition programming . In P. M. Retish (Ed.), Issues in special education and rehabilitation (Vol. 9, pp. 1-20). Tel Aviv, Israel: Haifu University.

10.2307/1511251

10.1177/001440299606200506

10.1207/s15327035ex0703_3

Rosenbaum, J.E., 1981, Careers in a corporate hierarchy: A longitudinal analysis of earnings and level attainments

10.1515/9781400876136

10.2307/1510566

10.1037/h0092976

10.1177/0730888488015003006

10.2307/1510654

Sitlington, P.L., Frank, A.R. & Carson, R.R. (1994). Postsecondary vocational education—Does it really make a difference? In P. M. Retish (Ed.), Issues in special education and rehabilitation (Vol. 9, pp. 89-100). Tel Aviv, Israel: Haifu University.

10.1177/002221949002300403

10.1016/0049-089X(85)90008-0

10.1007/978-1-4613-8345-1_15

10.1177/002221949002300111

10.1177/002221949202500703

Wagner, M., 1993, The secondary school programs of students with disabilities: A report from the National Longitudinal Transition Study of Special Education Students

10.2307/1602496

Wagner, M.M., 1993, What makes a difference? Influences on postschool outcomes of youth with disabilities

10.1177/168781408903300302

10.1177/002221949402700502

Zigmond, N., 1985, Learning Disabilities Research, 1, 50