Obesity Represses CYP2R1, the Vitamin D 25‐Hydroxylase, in the Liver and Extrahepatic Tissues

JBMR Plus - Tập 4 Số 11 - 2020
Mahmoud-Sobhy Elkhwanky1,2,3, Outi Kummu1,2,3, Terhi Piltonen4, Johanna Laru4, Laure Morin‐Papunen4, Maija Mutikainen5, Pasi Tavi5, Jukka Hakkola1,2,3
1Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
2Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
3Research Unit of Biomedicine, Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
4Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
5A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland

Tóm tắt

ABSTRACTLow plasma level of 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25‐OH‐D), namely vitamin D deficiency, is associated with obesity and weight loss improves 25‐OH‐D status. However, the mechanism behind obesity‐induced vitamin D deficiency remains unclear. Here, we report that obesity suppresses the expression of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2R1, the main vitamin D 25‐hydroxylase, in both mice and humans. In humans, weight loss induced by gastric bypass surgery increased the expression of CYP2R1 in the s.c. adipose tissue suggesting recovery after the obesity‐induced suppression. At the same time, CYP27B1, the vitamin D 1α‐hydroxylase, was repressed by the weight loss. In a mouse (C57BL/6N) model of diet‐induced obesity, the plasma 25‐OH‐D was decreased. In accordance, the CYP2R1 expression was strongly repressed in the liver. Moreover, obesity repressed the expression of CYP2R1 in several extrahepatic tissues, the kidney, brown adipose tissue, and testis, but not in the white adipose tissue. Obesity had a similar effect in both male and female mice. In mice, obesity repressed expression of the vitamin D receptor in brown adipose tissue. Obesity also upregulated the expression of the vitamin D receptor and CYP24A1 in the s.c. adipose tissue of a subset of mice; however, no effect was observed in the human s.c. adipose tissue. In summary, we show that obesity affects CYP2R1 expression both in the mouse and human tissues. We suggest that in mouse the CYP2R1 repression in the liver plays an important role in obesity‐induced vitamin D deficiency. Currently, it is unclear whether the CYP2R1 downregulation in extrahepatic tissues could contribute to the obesity‐induced low plasma 25‐OH‐D, however, this phenomenon may affect at least the local 25‐OH‐D concentrations. © 2020 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

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