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Thiếu dinh dưỡng làm tăng nguy cơ tử vong do ung thư dạ dày
Tóm tắt
Mục đích của nghiên cứu này là xác định liệu việc tiếp xúc với tình trạng suy dinh dưỡng trong những năm đầu đời có liên quan đến tăng nguy cơ ung thư dạ dày trong cuộc sống sau này hay không. Quy trình thiết kế bao gồm phân tích xu hướng tỷ lệ tử vong do ung thư dạ dày và tình trạng dinh dưỡng, đồng thời đánh giá mối liên hệ giữa thiếu hụt dinh dưỡng trong những năm đầu đời và nguy cơ mắc ung thư dạ dày bằng phân tích tuổi-hạn-tần suất sinh (APC) sử dụng các mô hình Poisson log tuyến tính chung, và so sánh sự khác biệt giữa các thế hệ được sinh ra trong giai đoạn 1959-1961, khi xảy ra nạn đói ở Trung Quốc, với những người không bị ảnh hưởng bởi nạn đói. Dữ liệu về tỷ lệ tử vong do ung thư dạ dày từ năm 1970 đến 2009 và các mẫu chế độ ăn uống từ năm 1955 đến 1985, bao gồm cả giai đoạn nạn đói 1959-1961 trong dân số huyện Zhaoyuan, đã được thu thập. Thông tin dinh dưỡng được ghi nhận 15 năm trước dữ liệu tỷ lệ tử vong căn cứ trên tham chiếu mới nhất về thời gian ủ bệnh. Phân tích APC cho thấy rằng việc thiếu dinh dưỡng nghiêm trọng trong giai đoạn đầu đời có thể làm tăng nguy cơ ung thư dạ dày. So với thế hệ sinh từ năm 1960-1964, nguy cơ mắc ung thư dạ dày ở tất cả các thế hệ sinh từ 1900 đến 1959 đã tăng đáng kể; so với thế hệ 1970-1974, nguy cơ ung thư dạ dày ở thế hệ 1975-1979 đã tăng đáng kể, trong khi các thế hệ còn lại có nguy cơ giảm đều đặn; so với nhóm tuổi 85-89 trong cuộc khảo sát tử vong năm 2005-2009, tỷ lệ Odds (OR) giảm dần theo độ tuổi trẻ hơn và đạt được mức độ có ý nghĩa cho nhóm tuổi 50-54 sau khi điều chỉnh các yếu tố gây nhiễu. Nhóm người sinh từ 1930 đến 1964 (bị ảnh hưởng bởi nạn đói) có tỷ lệ tử vong cao hơn nhóm sinh từ 1965 đến 1999 (không bị ảnh hưởng bởi nạn đói). Đối với nam giới, nguy cơ tương đối (RR) là 2.39 và khoảng tin cậy 95% (CI) là từ 1.51 đến 3.77. Đối với nữ giới, RR là 1.64 và 95% CI là từ 1.02 đến 2.62. Kết quả của nghiên cứu hiện tại cho thấy rằng tình trạng thiếu dinh dưỡng kéo dài trong những năm đầu đời có thể làm tăng nguy cơ tử vong do ung thư dạ dày trong cuộc sống sau này.
Từ khóa
#ung thư dạ dày #suy dinh dưỡng #tỷ lệ tử vong #phân tích APC #nạn đói Trung Quốc #nguy cơ tương đốiTài liệu tham khảo
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