Những hiểu biết mới về tác động của vitamin B12 và axit béo omega-3 đối với chức năng não

Wittchen HU, Jacobi F, Rehm J, Gustavsson A, Svensson M, Jönsson B, et al. The size and burden of mental disorders and other disorders of the brain in Europe 2010. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2011;21:655–79. Baxter AJ, Patton G, Scott KM, Degenhardt L, Whiteford HA. Global epidemiology of mental disorders: what are we missing? PLoS One. 2013;8, e65514. Nyaradi A, Li J, Hickling S, Foste J, Oddy WH. The role of nutrition in children’s neurocognitive development, from pregnancy through childhood. Front Hum Neurosci. 2011;7:97. Dauncey MJ. Genomic and epigenomic insights into nutrition and brain disorders. Nutrients. 2013;5:887–914. Yajnik CS, Deshpande SS, Lubree HG, Naik SS, Bhat DS, Uradey BS, et al. Vitamin B12 deficiency and hyperhomocysteinemia in rural and urban Indians. J Assoc Physicians India. 2006;54:775–82. Muthayya S, Dwarkanath P, Thomas T, Ramprakash S, Mehra R, Mhaskar A, et al. The effect of fish and omega-3 LCPUFA intake on low birth weight in Indian pregnant women. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2009;63:340–6. Li D. Effect of the vegetarian diet on non-communicable diseases. J Sci Food Agric. 2014;941:169–73. Simpson JL, Bailey LB, Pietrzik K, Shane B, Holzgreve W. Micronutrients and women of reproductive potential: required dietary intake and consequences of dietary deficiency or excess. Part I-Folate, Vitamin B12, Vitamin B6. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2010;23:1323–43. Pawlak R, Parrott SJ, Raj S, Cullum-Dugan D, Lucus D. How prevalent is vitamin B (12) deficiency among vegetarians? Nutr Rev. 2013;71:110–7. Gröber U, Kisters K, Schmidt J. Neuroenhancement with vitamin B12-underestimated neurological significance. Nutrients. 2013;5:5031–45. Reynolds E. Vitamin B12, folic acid, and the nervous system. Lancet Neurol. 2006;5:949–60. Herrmann W, Schorr H, Bodis M, Knapp JP, Müller A, Stein G, et al. Role of homocysteine, cystathionine and methylmalonic acid measurement for diagnosis of vitamin deficiency in high-aged subjects. Eur J Clin Invest. 2000;30:1083–9. Cetin I, Berti C, Calabrese S. Role of micronutrients in the periconceptional period. Hum Reprod Update. 2010;16:80–95. Dror DK, Allen LH. Effect of vitamin B12 deficiency on neurodevelopment in infants: current knowledge and possible mechanisms. Nutr Rev. 2008;66:250–5. Wang ZP, Shang XX, Zhao ZT. Low maternal vitamin B (12) is a risk factor for neural tube defects: a meta-analysis. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2012;25:389–94. Bhate V, Deshpande S, Bhat D, Joshi N, Ladkat R, Watve S, et al. Vitamin B12 status of pregnant Indian women and cognitive function in their 9-year-old children. Food Nutr Bull. 2008;29:249–54. Eilander A, Muthayya S, van der Knaap H, Srinivasan K, Thomas T, Kok FJ. Undernutrition, fatty acid and micronutrient status in relation to cognitive performance in Indian school children: a cross-sectional study. Br J Nutr. 2010;103:1056–64. Rathod R, Khaire A, Kemse N, Kale A, Joshi S. Maternal omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on vitamin B12 rich diet improves brain omega-3 fatty acids, neurotrophins and cognition in the Wistar rat offspring. Brain Dev. 2014;36:853–63. van de Rest O, van Hooijdonk LW, Doets E, Schiepers OJ, Eilander A, de Groot LC. B vitamins and n-3 fatty acids for brain development and function: review of human studies. Ann Nutr Metab. 2012;60:272–92. Parlettaa N, Milteb CM, Meyerc BJ. Nutritional modulation of cognitive function and mental health. J Nutr Biochem. 2013;24:725–43. Innis SM. Perinatal biochemistry and physiology of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. J Pediatr. 2003;143 Suppl 4:1–8. Manav M, Su J, Hughes K, Lee HP, Ong CN. Omega-3 fatty acids and selenium as coronary heart disease risk modifying factors in Asian Indian and Chinese males. Nutrition. 2004;20:967–73. Simopoulos AP. Evolutionary aspects of diet: the omega-6/omega-3 ratio and the brain. Mol Neurobiol. 2011;44:203–15. Jump DB. The biochemistry of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. J Biol Chem. 2002;277:8755–8. Kanoski SE, Davidson TL. Western diet consumption and cognitive impairment: links to hippocampal dysfunction and obesity. Physiol Behav. 2011;103:59–68. Sinn N, Milte C, Howe PR. Oiling the brain: a review of randomized controlled trials of omega-3 fatty acids in psychopathology across the lifespan. Nutrients. 2010;2:128–70. Wainwright PE. Dietary essential fatty acids and brain function: a developmental perspective on mechanisms. Proc Nutr Soc. 2002;61:61–9. Hashimoto M. Omega-3 fatty acids and cognition. Nihon Rinsho. 2014;72:648–56. Feng Z, Zou X, Jia H, Li X, Zhu Z, Liu X, et al. Maternal docosahexaenoic acid feeding protects against impairment of learning and memory and oxidative stress in prenatally stressed rats: possible role of neuronal mitochondria metabolism. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2012;16:275–89. Tuzun F, Kumral A, Ozbal S, Dilek M, Tugyan K, Duman N, et al. Maternal prenatal omega-3 fatty acid supplementation attenuates hyperoxia-induced apoptosis in the developing rat brain. Int J Dev Neurosci. 2012;30:315–23. Suganuma H, Arai Y, Kitamura Y, Hayashi M, Okumura A, Shimizu T. Maternal docosahexaenoic acid-enriched diet prevents neonatal brain injury. Neuropathology. 2010;30:597–605. Wilczyńska A. Fatty acids in treatment and prevention of depression. Psychiatr Pol. 2013;47:657–66. Cao D, Kevala K, Kim J, Moon HS, Jun SB, Lovinger D, et al. Docosahexaenoic acid promotes hippocampal neuronal development and synaptic function. J Neurochem. 2009;111:510–21. Sakamoto T, Cansev M, Wurtman RJ. Oral supplementation with docosahexaenoic acid and uridine-5′-monophosphate increases dendritic spine density in adult gerbil hippocampus. Brain Res. 2007;1182:50–9. Chung WL, Chen JJ, Su HM. Fish oil supplementation of control and (n-3) fatty acid-deficient male rats enhances reference and working memory performance and increases brain regional docosahexaenoic acid levels. J Nutr. 2008;138:1165–71. Helland IB, Smith L, Blomén B, Saarem K, Saugstad OD, Drevon CA. Effect of supplementing pregnant and lactating mothers with n-3 very-long-chain fatty acids on children’s IQ and body mass index at 7 years of age. Pediatrics. 2008;122:e472–9. Pérez MÁ, Terreros G, Dagnino-Subiabre A. Long-term ω-3 fatty acid supplementation induces anti-stress effects and improves learning in rats. Behav Brain Funct. 2013;9:25. Wu A, Ying Z, Gomez-Pinilla F. Docosahexaenoic acid dietary supplementation enhances the effects of exercise on synaptic plasticity and cognition. Neuroscience. 2008;155:751–9. James SJ, Cutler P, Melnyk S, Jernigan S, Janak L, Gaylor DW, et al. Metabolic biomarkers of increased oxidative stress and impaired methylation capacity in children with autism. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004;80:1611–7. de Jager CA. Critical levels of brain atrophy associated with homocysteine and cognitive decline. Neurobiol Aging. 2014;35:S35–9. Geisel J, Schorr H, Bodis M, Isber S, Hübner U, Knapp JP, et al. The vegetarian lifestyle and DNA methylation. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2005;43:1164–9. Lipton SA, Kim WK, Choi YB, Kumar S, D’Emilia DM, Rayudu PV, et al. Neurotoxicity associated with dual actions of homocysteine at the N-methyl-D aspartate receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997;94:5923–8. Ziemińska E, Stafiej A, Łazarewicz JW. Role of group I metabotropic glutamate receptors and NMDA receptors in homocysteine-evoked acute neurodegeneration of cultured cerebellar granule neurons. Neurochem Int. 2003;43:481–92. Poddar R, Paul S. Homocysteine-NMDA receptor-mediated activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase leads to neuronal cell death. J Neurochem. 2009;110:1095–106. Obeid R, Herrmann W. Mechanisms of homocysteine neurotoxicity in neurodegenerative diseases with special reference to dementia. FEBS Lett. 2006;580:2994–3005. Mattson MP, Shea TB. Folate and homocysteine metabolism in neural plasticity and neurodegenerative disorders. Trends Neurosci. 2003;26:137–46. Tyagi N, Sedoris KC, Steed M, Ovechkin AV, Moshal KS, Tyagi SC. Mechanisms of homocysteine-induced oxidative stress. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2005;289:H2649–56. Halliwell B. Role of free radicals in the neurodegenerative diseases: therapeutic implications for antioxidant treatment. Drugs Aging. 2001;18:685–716. Song JH, Fujimoto K, Miyazawa T. Polyunsaturated (n-3) fatty acids susceptible to peroxidation are increased in plasma and tissue lipids of rats fed docosahexaenoic acid-containing oils. J Nutr. 2000;130:3028–33. Sable PS, Kale AA, Joshi SR. Prenatal omega-3 fatty acid supplementation to a micronutrient imbalanced diet protects brain neurotrophins both in the cortex and hippocampus in the adult rat offspring. Metabolism. 2013;62:1607–22. Kale A, Naphade N, Sapkale S, Kamaraju M, Pillai A, Joshi S, et al. Reduced folic acid, vitamin B12 and docosahexaenoic acid and increased homocysteine and cortisol in never-medicated schizophrenia patients: implications for altered one-carbon metabolism. Psychiatry Res. 2010;175:47–53. Kulkarni A, Mehendale S, Pisal H, Kilari A, Dangat K, Salunkhe S, et al. Association of omega-3 fatty acids and homocysteine concentrations in pre-eclampsia. Clin Nutr. 2011;30:60–4. Faraci FM, Lentz SR. Hyperhomocysteinemia, oxidative stress, and cerebral vascular dysfunction. Stroke. 2004;35:345–7. Lominadze D, Roberts AM, Tyagi N, Moshal KS, Tyagi SC. Homocysteine causes cerebrovascular leakage in mice. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2006;290:H1206–13. Troen AM, Shea-Budgell M, Shukitt-Hale B, Smith DE, Selhub J, Rosenberg IH. B-vitamin deficiency causes hyperhomocysteinemia and vascular cognitive impairment in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008;105:12474–9. Kamath AF, Chauhan AK, Kisucka J, Dole VS, Loscalzo J, Handy DE, et al. Elevated levels of homocysteine compromise blood–brain barrier integrity in mice. Blood. 2006;107:591–3. Zhang Q, Li Q, Chen Y, Huang X, Yang IH, Cao L, et al. Homocysteine-impaired angiogenesis is associated with VEGF/VEGFR inhibition. Front Biosci. 2012;4:2525–35. Wang J, Shi Y, Zhang L, Zhang F, Hu X, Zhang W, et al. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids enhance cerebral angiogenesis and provide long-term protection after stroke. Neurobiol Dis. 2014;68:91–103. Scalabrino G, Buccellato FR, Veber D, Mutti E. New basis of the neurotrophic action of vitamin B12. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2003;41:1435–7. Sable P, Dangat K, Kale A, Joshi S. Altered brain neurotrophins at birth: consequence of imbalance in maternal folic acid and vitamin B12 metabolism. Neuroscience. 2011;190:127–34. Sable PS, Dangat KD, Joshi AA, Joshi SR. Maternal omega-3 fatty acid supplementation during pregnancy to a micronutrient imbalanced diet protects postnatal reduction of brain neurotrophins in the rat offspring. Neuroscience. 2012;217:46–55. Bhatia S, Agrawal R, Sharma S, Huo YX, Ying Z, Gomez-Pinilla F. Omega-3 fatty acid deficiency during brain maturation reduces neuronal and behavioral plasticity in adulthood. PLoS One. 2011;6, e28451. Sotiropoulou M, Mantas C, Bozidis P, Marselos M, Mavreas V, Hyphantis T, et al. BDNF serum concentrations in first psychotic episode drug-naïve schizophrenic patients: associations with personality and BDNF Val66Met polymorphism. Life Sci. 2013;92:305–10. Laske C, Stransky E, Leyhe T, Eschweiler GW, Wittorf A, Richartz E, et al. Stage-dependent BDNF serum concentrations in Alzheimer’s disease. J Neural Transm. 2006;113:1217–24. Scalzo P, Kümmer A, Bretas TL, Cardoso F, Teixeira AL. Serum levels of brain derived neurotrophic factor correlate with motor impairment in Parkinson’s disease. J Neurol. 2010;257:540–5. Baydyuk M, Xu B. BDNF signaling and survival of striatal neurons. Front Cell Neurosci. 2014;8:254. Xiong P, Zeng Y, Zhu Z, Tan D, Xu F, Lu J, et al. Reduced NGF serum levels and abnormal P300 event-related potential in first episode schizophrenia. Schizophr Res. 2010;119:34–9. Zhang XY, Liang J, Chen da C, Xiu MH, Yang FD, Kosten TA, et al. Low BDNF is associated with cognitive impairment in chronic patients with schizophrenia. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2012;222:277–84. Cai J, Hua F, Yuan L, Tang W, Lu J, Yu S, et al. Potential therapeutic effects of neurotrophins for acute and chronic neurological diseases. Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:601084. Balanzá-Martínez V, Fries GR, Colpo GD, Silveira PP, Portella AK, Tabarés-Seisdedos R, et al. Therapeutic use of omega-3 fatty acids in bipolar disorder. Expert Rev Neurother. 2011;11:1029–47. Wu A, Ying Z, Gomez-Pinilla F. Dietary omega-3 fatty acids normalize BDNF levels, reduce oxidative damage, and counteract learning disability after traumatic brain injury in rats. J Neurotrauma. 2004;21:457–67. Jiang LH, Shi Y, Wang LS, Yang ZR. The influence of orally administered docosahexaenoic acid on cognitive ability in aged mice. J Nutr Biochem. 2009;20:735–41. Kermani P, Hempstead B. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor: a newly described mediator of angiogenesis. Trends Cardiovasc Med. 2007;17:140–3. Nico B, Mangieri D, Benagiano V, Crivellato E, Ribatti D. Nerve growth factor as an angiogenic factor. Microvasc Res. 2008;75:135–41. Calza L, Giardino L, Giuliani A, Aloe L, Levi-Montalcini R. Nerve growth factor control of neuronal expression of angiogenetic and vasoactive factors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001;8:4160–5. Licht T, Goshen I, Avital A, Kreisel T, Zubedat S, Eavri R, et al. Reversible modulation of neuronal plasticity by VEGF. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011;108:5081–6. Mackenzie F, Ruhrberg C. Diverse roles for VEGF-A in the nervous system. Development. 2012;139:1371–80. Nakamura K, Tan F, Li Z, Thiele CJ. NGF activation of TrkA induces vascular endothelial growth factor expression via induction of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α. Mol Cell Neurosci. 2011;46:498–506. García-Maceira P, Mateo J. Silibinin inhibits hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha and mTOR/p70S6K/4E-BP1 signalling pathway in human cervical and hepatoma cancer cells: implications for anticancer therapy. Oncogene. 2009;28:313–24. Bjornsti MA, Houghton PJ. The TOR pathway: a target for cancer therapy. Nat Rev Cancer. 2004;4:335–48. van den Beucken T, Koritzinsky M, Wouters BG. Translational control of gene expression during hypoxia. Cancer Biol Ther. 2006;5:749–55. Rathod RS, Khaire AA, Kale AA, Joshi SR. Maternal omega-3 fatty acid supplementation to a vitamin B12 deficient diet normalizes angiogenic markers in the pup brain at birth. Int J Dev Neurosci. 2015;43:43–9. Sudgen C. One-carbon metabolism in psychiatric illness. Nutr Res Rev. 2006;19:117–36. Umhau JC, Dauphinais KM, Patel SH, Nahrwold DA, Hibbeln JR, Rawlings RR, et al. The relationship between folate and docosahexaenoic acid in men. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2006;60:352–7. van Wijk N, Watkins CJ, Hageman RJ, Sijben J, Kamphuis PG, Wurtman RJ, et al. Combined dietary folate vitamin B-12 and vitamin B-6 intake influences plasma docosahexaenoic acid concentration in rats. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2012;9:49. Selley ML. A metabolic link between S-adenosyl homocysteine and polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism in Alzheimer’s disease. Neurobiol Aging. 2007;28:1834–9. Schaevitz L, Berger-Sweeney J, Ricceri L. One-carbon metabolism in neurodevelopmental disorders: using broad-based nutraceutics to treat cognitive deficits in complex spectrum disorders. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2014;46:270–84. Koukoura O, Sifakis S, Spandidos DA. DNA methylation in the human placenta and fetal growth (review). Mol Med Rep. 2012;5:883–9. Sui L, Wang Y, Ju LH, Chen M. Epigenetic regulation of reelin and brain-derived neurotrophic factor genes in long-term potentiation in rat medial prefrontal cortex. Neurobiol Learn Mem. 2012;97:425–40. Gapp K, Woldemichael BT, Bohacek J, Mansuy IM. Epigenetic regulation in neurodevelopment and neurodegenerative diseases. Neuroscience. 2014;264:99–111. Lester BM, Tronick E, Nestler E, Abel T, Kosofsky B, Kuzawa CW, et al. Behavioral epigenetics. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2011;1226:14–33. Dennis KE, Levitt P. Regional expression of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is correlated with dynamic patterns of promoter methylation in the developing mouse forebrain. Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 2005;140:1–9. Pogribny IP, Karpf AR, James SR, Melnyk S, Han T, Tryndyak VP. Epigenetic alterations in the brains of Fisher 344 rats induced by long-term administration of folate/methyl-deficient diet. Brain Res. 2008;1237:25–34. Benatti P, Peluso G, Nicolai R, Calvani M. Polyunsaturated fatty acids: biochemical, nutritional and epigenetic properties. J Am Coll Nutr. 2004;23:281–302. Sable P, Randhir K, Kale A, Chavan-Gautam P, Joshi S. Maternal micronutrients and brain global methylation patterns in the offspring. Nutr Neurosci. 2015;18:30–6. Costello JF. DNA methylation in brain development and gliomagenesis. Front Biosci. 2003;8:s175–84. Sharma RP, Gavin DP, Grayson DR. CpG methylation in neurons: message, memory, or mask? Neuropsychopharmacology. 2010;35:2009–20.