Nightlife Violence: A Gender-Specific View on Risk Factors for Violence in Nightlife Settings: A Cross-Sectional Study in Nine European Countries

Journal of Interpersonal Violence - Tập 25 Số 6 - Trang 1094-1112 - 2010
Susanne Schnitzer1, Mark A Bellis2, Zara Anderson2, Karen Hughes2, Amador Calafat3, Montse Juan3, Anna Kokkevi4
1SPI Forschung, Berlin, Germany
2Centre for Public Health, Liverpool John Moores University, UK
3European Institute of Studies on Prevention, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
4University Mental Health Research Institute, Athens University Medical School, Greece

Tóm tắt

Within nightlife settings, youth violence places large burdens on both nightlife users and wider society. Internationally, research has identified risk factors for nightlife violence. However, few empirical studies have assessed differences in risk factors between genders. Here, a pan-European cross-sectional survey of 1,341 nightlife users aged 16 to 35 assessed a variety of risk-taking traits, including violence, sexual, alcohol, and drug-related current and historic behaviors. Results show that the likelihood of having been involved in a physical fight in nightlife increases with younger age, drunkenness, and increasing preference for tolerant venues for both genders. The odds of involvement in a fight for females who were drunk five or more times in the past 4 weeks were almost five times higher than those who were never drunk (odds ratio for males 1.99). Use of cocaine more than doubled the risk of involvement in violence among males. However, no association was found for females. For heterosexual men, the odds for violence almost doubled compared with bisexual or homosexual men, whereas for women heterosexuality was a protective factor. The effects of structural risk factors (e.g., bar and club characteristics) for nightlife violence differed by gender. To develop effective violence prevention measures in nightlife, considerations need to be made regarding the demographic composition of patrons in addition to wider structural elements within the nighttime environment.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Aldridge, J., 2008, Youth gangs in an English city: Social exclusion, drugs and violence

Bellis, M.A., 2005, An introduction to youth violence, alcohol and nightlife

Bellis, M.A., 2008, BMC Public Health

10.1080/1461666021000013742

10.1016/S1359-1789(01)00057-X

Brochu, S., 2001, The relationship between drugs and crime

Budd, T., 2003, Alcohol related assault

Bundesministerium des Innern., 2006, Zweiter Periodischer Sicherheitsbericht [Federal Ministry of Interior. Second periodical report on safety]

Calafat, A., 2007, Adicciones, 19, 125, 10.20882/adicciones.310

Calafat, A., 2001, Risk and control in the recreational drug culture

Deehan, A., 2003, Calculating the risk: Recreational drug use among clubbers in the South East of England (Home Office Online Report 43/03)

10.1067/mpd.2000.109146

European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction., 2007, The state of the drugs problem in Europe (Annual report 2007)

European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction., 2008, Developments in drug use within recreational settings (Annual report 2006: selected reports)

10.1111/j.1745-9125.2004.tb00538.x

Finney, A., 2004, Violence in the night time economy: Key findings from the research

10.1016/0306-4530(94)00073-J

Goddard, E., 2006, Smoking and drinking among adults

10.1177/002204268501500406

10.1385/1-59259-382-8:253

10.1111/j.1360-0443.2006.01608.x

10.3109/16066350109141750

10.1023/A:1014811624944

10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199297856.001.0001

10.1016/S1054-139X(96)00024-9

Hibell, B., 2004, The ESPAD report 2003. Alcohol and other drug use among students in 35 European countries

10.1016/j.addbeh.2003.08.033

10.1080/09595230410001645529

10.1111/j.1360-0443.2007.02030.x

10.1093/eurpub/ckn080

Kershaw, C., 2008, Crime in England and Wales 2007/08: Findings from the British Crime Survey and police recorded crimes

10.1016/S1054-139X(04)00062-X

10.1016/S0140-6736(02)11133-0

10.1007/s10508-007-9267-z

Lupton, R., 2002, A rock and a hard place: Drug markets in deprived neighbourhoods (Home Office Research Study 240)

10.1016/j.addbeh.2004.04.016

10.1016/j.addbeh.2007.07.002

Maguire, M., 2003, Reducing alcohol-related violence and disorder: An evaluation of the "TASC" project

Mantecón, A., 2008, Adicciones, 20, 161, 10.20882/adicciones.280

Mischowitz, R., 1996, Gefährdungen durch Drogen: Blutprobenuntersuchungen zur Prävalenz und Wirkung von Drogen- und Medikamentenbeeinflussung im Straßenverkehr und bei Kriminaldelikten [Exposure by drugs: Blood tests about prevalence and effects of illicit drugs and medicaments within road traffic and criminal delicts]

10.1016/j.whi.2006.03.007

10.15288/jsa.2000.61.907

10.15288/jsa.1990.51.114

10.15288/jsa.2003.64.765

Schnitzer, S., 2007, Info Dienst für Gesundheitsförderung, 7, 22

10.1016/j.paid.2005.07.002

10.1016/j.addbeh.2005.10.004

SPSS Inc., 2005, SPSS base 14.0 user’s guide

Taz Die Tageszeitung., 2008, Krawalle vor Leipziger diskos enden tödlich [Riots in front of discos in Leipzig result in death]

10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2005.08.017

10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2004.10.011

Webster, R., 2008, Safer nightlife. Best practice for those concerned about drug use and the night-time economy

Winlow, S., 2006, Violent night: Urban leisure and contemporary culture

10.1093/jurban/jti077

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

Journal of Interpersonal Violence

Tập 25 Số 6

1094-1112

Thông tin tác giả