Di truyền hình ảnh học như một yếu tố tiên đoán rối loạn trầm cảm lớn (MDD)

Manav Jindal1, Aakash Chhetri2, Abhilash Ludhiadch2, Paramdeep Singh1, Sameer Peer1, Jawahar Singh3, Rahatdeep Singh Brar4, Anjana Munshi2
1Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, India
2Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
3Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, India
4Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Homi Bhabha Cancer Hospital & Research Center, Mohali, India

Tóm tắt

Trầm cảm là một rối loạn tâm thần phức tạp, chịu ảnh hưởng bởi nhiều yếu tố di truyền và môi trường. Bằng chứng mạnh mẽ đã xác nhận sự đóng góp của các yếu tố di truyền đối với trầm cảm thông qua các nghiên cứu trên cặp song sinh, với tỷ lệ di truyền của trầm cảm được báo cáo ở mức 37%. Các nghiên cứu di truyền đã xác định những biến thể di truyền có liên quan đến nguy cơ gia tăng phát triển trầm cảm. Di truyền hình ảnh là một phương pháp tích hợp, nơi các biện pháp hình ảnh được kết hợp với thông tin di truyền để khám phá cách mà những biến thể di truyền cụ thể góp phần vào các bất thường của não bộ. Các nghiên cứu thần kinh hình ảnh cho phép chúng tôi khảo sát cả bất thường về cấu trúc lẫn chức năng ở những cá nhân mắc chứng trầm cảm. Đánh giá này được thiết kế để nghiên cứu mối tương quan của các biến thể di truyền quan trọng với các vùng hoạt động thần kinh khác nhau, khả năng kết nối và sự thay đổi cấu trúc trong não như được phát hiện bởi các kỹ thuật hình ảnh, nhằm hiểu rõ hơn về vai trò của các dấu ấn sinh học trong trầm cảm. Điều này có thể giúp phát triển những can thiệp điều trị mới nhắm vào các con đường di truyền hoặc các mạch não cụ thể, và sinh lý bệnh cơ sở của trầm cảm có thể được thiết lập một cách chi tiết dựa trên phương pháp tích hợp này.

Từ khóa

#trầm cảm #di truyền #di truyền hình ảnh #biến thể di truyền #nghiên cứu thần kinh hình ảnh #dấu ấn sinh học

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