Neonatal Stress or Morphine Treatment Alters Adult Mouse Conditioned Place Preference

Neonatology - Tập 95 Số 3 - Trang 230-239 - 2009
Jared F. Boasen1, Ronald J. McPherson1, Sarah L. Hays1, Sandra E. Juul1, Christine A. Gleason
1Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash, USA

Tóm tắt

<i>Background:</i> Hospitalized preterm infants may experience pain and stress, and narcotics are often administered to lessen their suffering. However, prolonged narcotic therapy may be detrimental during neonatal brain development. Using a rat model combining neonatal stress and morphine, we found that neonatal morphine impaired adult learning. Here we describe a new mouse model examining lasting effects of neonatal stress and morphine. <i>Objective:</i> We tested whether repeated neonatal stress and/or morphine exposure affects early neurodevelopmental or adult behaviors. <i>Methods:</i> Five groups of C57/BL6 mice (1: untreated; 2: morphine (2 mg/kg s.c., b.i.d.); 3: saline, 4: stress + morphine; 5: stress + saline) were treated from postnatal day (P) 5 to P9. Stress consisted of daily maternal separation/isolation (08:00–15:00 h) with gavage feedings and twice daily exposure to brief hypoxia/hyperoxia. Developmental behaviors included righting (P5) and negative geotaxis (P9). Adult behaviors included elevated plus maze, morphine place-preference conditioning, and forced-swimming. Plasma con- centrations of morphine (P7) and corticosterone (P9 and adult) were measured. <i>Results:</i> Neonatal stress or neonatal morphine alone impaired adult place-preference conditioning, but the combination did not (interaction p < 0.01). Adult basal corticosterones were reduced by neonatal morphine treatment. There were no substantial differences in elevated plus maze or forced-swimming times. <i>Conclusions:</i> Neonatal stress and morphine treatment produced long-lasting behavioral and hormonal effects which suggest that neonatal morphine reduces adult arousal and neonatal stress exaggerates adult arousal, each to a degree sufficient to alter learning, while the combined impact of these neonatal treatments does not alter adult learning.

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Neonatology

Tập 95 Số 3

230-239

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