Natural Environments—Healthy Environments? An Exploratory Analysis of the Relationship between Greenspace and Health

Environment and Planning A - Tập 35 Số 10 - Trang 1717-1731 - 2003
S. de Vries1, Robert Verheij2, Peter Groenewegen3, Peter Spreeuwenberg3
1Alterra, Green World Research, Department of Landscape and Spatial Planning, PO Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
2National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Postbus 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
3Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research (NIVEL), Drieharingstraat 6, 3500 BN Utrecht, The Netherlands

Tóm tắt

Are people living in greener areas healthier than people living in less green areas? This hypothesis was empirically tested by combining Dutch data on the self-reported health of over 10 000 people with land-use data on the amount of greenspace in their living environment. In the multilevel analysis we controlled for socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, as well as urbanity. Living in a green environment was positively related to all three available health indicators, even stronger than urbanity at the municipal level. Analyses on subgroups showed that the relationship between greenspace and one of the health indicators was somewhat stronger for housewives and the elderly, two groups that are assumed to be more dependent on, and therefore exposed to, the local environment. Furthermore, for all three health indicators the relationship with greenspace was somewhat stronger for lower educated people. Implications for policymaking and spatial planning are discussed briefly.

Từ khóa


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Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

Environment and Planning A

Tập 35 Số 10

1717-1731

Thông tin tác giả