NADPH Oxidases, Reactive Oxygen Species, and Hypertension

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Harrison DG, Widder J, Grumbach I, Chen W, Weber M, Searles C: Endothelial: mechanotransduction, nitric oxide and vascular inflammation. J Intern Med 259:351–363, 2006

Touyz RM: Molecular and cellular mechanisms in vascular injury in hypertension: role of angiotensin II. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 14:125–131, 2005

Mueller CF, Laude K, McNally JS, Harrison DG: ATVB in focus: redox mechanisms in blood vessels. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 25:274–278, 2005

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Mendez JI, Nicholson WJ, Taylor WR: SOD isoforms and signaling in blood vessels: evidence for the importance of ROS compartmentalization. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 25:887–888, 2005

Cai H, Harrison DG: Endothelial dysfunction in cardiovascular diseases: the role of oxidant stress. Circ Res 87:840–844, 2000

Tabet F, Savoia C, Schiffrin EL, Touyz RM: Differential calcium regulation by hydrogen peroxide and superoxide in vascular smooth muscle cells from spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 44:200–208, 2004

Paravicini TM, Chrissobolis S, Drummond GR, Sobey CG: Increased NAD(P)H-oxidase activity and Nox4 expression during chronic hypertension is associated with enhanced cerebral vasodilatation to NAD(P)H in vivo. Stroke 35:584–589, 2004

Liu Y, Zhao H, Li H, Kalyanaraman B, Nicolosi AC, Gutterman DD: Mitochondrial sources of H2O2 generation play a key role in flow-mediated dilation in human coronary resistance arteries. Circ Res 93:573–80, 2003

Matoba T, Shimokawa H, Nakashima M, Hirakawa Y, Mukai Y, Hirano K, Kanaide H, Takeshita A: Hydrogen peroxide is an endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor in mice. J Clin Invest 106:1521–1530, 2000

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Laakso J, Mervaala E, Himberg JJ, Teravainen TL, Karppanen H, Vapaatalo H, Lapatto R: Increased kidney xanthine oxidoreductase activity in salt-induced experimental hypertension. Hypertension 32:902–906, 1998

Siu YP, Leung KT, Tong MK, Kwan TH: Use of allopurinol in slowing the progression of renal disease through its ability to lower serum uric acid level. Am J Kidney Dis 47:51–59, 2006

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Landmesser U, Dikalov S, Price SR, McCann L, Fukai T, Holland SM, Mitch WE, Harrison DG: Oxidation of tetrahydrobiopterin leads to uncoupling of endothelial cell nitric oxide synthase in hypertension. J Clin Invest 111:1201–1209, 2003

Hong HJ, Hsiao G, Cheng TH, Yen MH: Supplementation with tetrahydrobiopterin suppresses the development of hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Hypertension 38:1044–1048, 2001

Adlam D, Bendall JK, De Bono JP, Alp NJ, Khoo J, Nicoli T, Yokoyama M, Kawashima S, Channon KM: Cardiovascular control: relationships between nitric oxide-mediated endothelial function, eNOS coupling and blood pressure revealed by eNOS-GTP cyclohydrolase 1 double transgenic mice. Exp Physiol 92:119–126, 2007

Widder JD, Guzik TJ, Mueller CF, Clempus RE, Schmidt HH, Dikalov SI, Griendling KK, Jones DP, Harrison DG: Role of the multidrug resistance protein-1 in hypertension and vascular dysfunction caused by angiotensin II. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 27:762–768, 2007

Landmesser U, Harrison DG, Drexler H: Oxidant stress: a major cause of reduced endothelial nitric oxide availability in cardiovascular disease. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 62(Suppl. 1):13–19, 2006

Babior BM: NADPH oxidase. Curr Opin Immunol 16:42–47, 2004

Chabrashvili T, Tojo A, Onozato ML, Kitiyakara C, Quinn MT, Fujita T, Welch WJ, Wilcox CS: Expression and cellular localization of classic NADPH oxidase subunits in the spontaneously hypertensive rat kidney. Hypertension 39:269–274, 2002

Touyz RM, Yao G, Schiffrin EL: c-Src induces phosphorylation and translocation of p47phox: role in superoxide generation by angiotensin II in human vascular smooth muscle cells. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 23:981–987, 2003

Bokoch GM, Zhao T: Regulation of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase by Rac GTPase. Antioxid Redox Signal 8:1533–1548, 2006

Geiszt M: NADPH oxidases: new kids on the block. Cardiovasc Res 71:289–299, 2006

Cave AC, Brewer AC, Panicker AN, Ray R, Grieve DJ, Walker S, Shah AM: NADPH oxidases in cardiovascular health and disease. Antiox Redox Sig 8:691–727, 2006

Griendling KK: NADPH oxidases: new regulators of old functions. Antioxid Redox Signal 8:1443–1445, 2006

Ambasta RK, Kumar P, Griendling KK, Schmidt HH, Busse R, Brandes RP: Direct interaction of the novel Nox proteins with p22phox is required for the formation of a functionally active NADPH oxidase. J Biol Chem 279:45935–45941, 2004

Kawahara T, Ritsick D, Cheng G, Lambeth JD: Point mutations in the proline-rich region of p22phox are dominant inhibitors of Nox1- and Nox2-dependent reactive oxygen generation. J Biol Chem 280:31859–1869, 2005

Ambasta RK, Schreiber JG, Janiszewski M, Busse R, Brandes RP: Noxa1 is a central component of the smooth muscle NADPH oxidase in mice. Free Radic Biol Med 41:193–201, 2006

Cheng G, Lambeth JD: Alternative mRNA splice forms of NOXO1: differential tissue expression and regulation of Nox1 and Nox3. Gene 356:118–126, 2005

Bayraktutan U, Blayney L, Shah AM: Molecular characterization and localization of the NAD(P)H oxidase components gp91-phox and p22-phox in endothelial cells. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 20:1903–1911, 2000

Lassegue B, Clempus RE: Vascular NAD(P)H oxidases: specific features, expression, and regulation. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 285:R277–R297, 2003

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Seshiah PN, Weber DS, Rocic P, Valppu L, Taniyama Y, Griendling KK: Angiotensin II stimulation of NAD(P)H oxidase activity: upstream mediators. Circ Res 91:406–413, 2002

Ushio-Fukai M, Alexander RW, Akers M, Griendling KK: p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase is a critical component of the redox-sensitive signaling pathways activated by angiotensin II: role in vascular smooth muscle cell hypertrophy. J Biol Chem 273:15022–15029, 1998

Griendling KK, Sorescu D, Lassegue B, Ushio-Fukai M: Modulation of protein kinase activity and gene expression by reactive oxygen species and their role in vascular physiology and pathophysiology. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 20:2175–2183, 2000

Touyz RM, Chen X, Tabet F, Yao G, He G, Quinn MT, Pagano PJ, Schiffrin EL: Expression of a functionally active gp91phox-containing neutrophil-type NAD(P)H oxidase in smooth muscle cells from human resistance arteries: regulation by angiotensin II. Circ Res 90:1205–1213, 2002

Gongora MC, Qin Z, Laude K, Kim HW, McCann L, Folz JR, Dikalov S, Fukai T, Harrison DG: Role of extracellular superoxide dismutase in hypertension. Hypertension 48:473–481, 2006

Sindhu RK, Ehdaie A, Farmand F, Dhaliwal KK, Nguyen T, Zhan CD, Roberts CK, Vaziri ND: Expression of catalase and glutathione peroxidase in renal insufficiency. Biochim Biophys Acta 1743:86–92, 2005

Sui H, Wang W, Wang PH, Liu LS: Effect of glutathione peroxidase mimic ebselen (PZ51) on endothelium and vascular structure of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. Blood Press 14:366–372, 2005

Wassmann S, Wassmann K, Nickenig G: Modulation of oxidant and antioxidant enzyme expression and function in vascular cells. Hypertension 44:381–386, 2004

Touyz RM, Tabet F, Schiffrin EL: Redox-dependent signalling by angiotensin II and vascular remodelling in hypertension. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 30:860–866, 2003

Cai H: Hydrogen peroxide regulation of endothelial function: origins, mechanisms, and consequences. Cardiovasc Res 68:26–36, 2005

Kajiya M, Hirota M, Inai Y, Kiyooka T, Morimoto T, Iwasaki T, Endo K, Mohri S, Shimizu J, Yada T, Ogasawara Y, Naruse K, Ohe T, Kajiya F: Impaired NO-mediated vasodilation with increased superoxide but robust EDHF function in right ventricular arterial microvessels of pulmonary hypertensive rats. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 292:H2737–H2744, 2007

Shimokawa H, Matoba T: Hydrogen peroxide as an endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor. Pharmacol Res 49:543–549, 2004

Goyal P, Weissmann N, Grimminger F, Hegel C, Bader L, Rose F, Fink L, Ghofrani HA, Schermuly RT, Schmidt HH, Seeger W, Hanze J: Upregulation of NAD(P)H oxidase 1 in hypoxia activates hypoxia-inducible factor 1 via increase in reactive oxygen species. Free Radic Biol Med 36:1279–1288, 2004

San Martin A, Du P, Dikalova A, Lassegue B, Aleman M, Gongora MC, Brown K, Joseph G, Harrison DG, Taylor WR, Jo H, Griendling KK: Reactive oxygen species-selective regulation of aortic inflammatory gene expression in type 2 diabetes. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 292:H2073–H2082, 2007

Pawlak K, Naumnik B, Brzosko S, Pawlak D, Mysliwiec M: Oxidative stress: a link between endothelial injury, coagulation activation, and atherosclerosis in haemodialysis patients. Am J Nephrol 24:154–161, 2004

Hool LC, Corry B: Redox control of calcium channels: from mechanisms to therapeutic opportunities. Antioxid Redox Signal 9:409–435, 2007

Kimura S, Zhang GX, Nishiyama A, Shokoji T, Yao L, Fan YY, Rahman M, Abe Y: Mitochondria-derived reactive oxygen species and vascular MAP kinases: comparison of angiotensin II and diazoxide. Hypertension 45:438–444, 2005

Yoshioka J, Schreiter ER, Lee RT: Role of thioredoxin in cell growth through interactions with signaling molecules. Antioxid Redox Signal 8:2143–21451, 2006

Touyz RM: Reactive oxygen species as mediators of calcium signaling by angiotensin II: implications in vascular physiology and pathophysiology. Antioxid Redox Signal 7:1302–1314, 2005

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Houston MC: Nutraceuticals, vitamins, antioxidants, and minerals in the prevention and treatment of hypertension. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 47:396–449, 2005

Touyz RM, Schiffrin EL: Reactive oxygen species in vascular biology: implications in hypertension. Histochem Cell Biol 122:339–352, 2004

Welch WJ: Intrarenal oxygen and hypertension. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 33:1002–1005, 2006

Redon J, Oliva MR, Tormos C, Giner V, Chaves J, Iradi A, Saez GT: Antioxidant activities and oxidative stress byproducts in human hypertension. Hypertension 41:1096–1101, 2003

Rajagopalan S, Kurz S, Munzel T, Tarpey M, Freeman BA, Griendling KK, Harrison DG: Angiotensin II-mediated hypertension in the rat increases vascular superoxide production via membrane NADH/NAD(P)H oxidase activation: contribution to alterations of vasomotor tone. J Clin Invest 97:1916–1923, 1996

Fukui T, Ishizaka N, Rajagopalan S, Laursen JB, Capers QT, Taylor WR, Harrison DG, de Leon H, Wilcox JN, Griendling KK: p22phox mRNA expression and NAD(P)H oxidase activity are increased in aortas from hypertensive rats. Circ Res 80:45–51, 1997

Virdis A, Neves MF, Amiri F, Touyz RM, Schiffrin EL: Role of NAD(P)H oxidase on vascular alterations in angiotensin II-infused mice. J Hypertens 22:535–542, 2004

Landmesser U, Cai H, Dikalov S, McCann L, Hwang J, Jo H, Holland SM, Harrison DG: Role of p47(phox) in vascular oxidative stress and hypertension caused by angiotensin II. Hypertension 40:511–515, 2002

Li JM, Wheatcroft S, Fan LM, Kearney MT, Shah AM: Opposing roles of p47phox in basal versus angiotensin II-stimulated alterations in vascular O2-production, vascular tone, and mitogen-activated protein kinase activation. Circulation 109:1307–1313, 2004

Jung O, Schreiber JG, Geiger H, Pedrazzini T, Busse R, Brandes RP: gp91phox-containing NADPH oxidase mediates endothelial dysfunction in renovascular hypertension. Circulation 109:1795–1801, 2004

Modlinger P, Chabrashvili T, Gill PS, Mendonca M, Harrison DG, Griendling KK, Li M, Raggio J, Wellstein A, Chen Y, Welch WJ, Wilcox CS: RNA silencing in vivo reveals role of p22phox in rat angiotensin slow pressor response. Hypertension 47:238–244, 2006

Laude K, Cai H, Fink B, Hoch N, Weber DS, McCann L, Kojda G, Fukai T, Schmidt HH, Dikalov S, Ramasamy S, Gamez G, Griendling KK, Harrison DG: Hemodynamic and biochemical adaptations to vascular smooth muscle overexpression of p22phox in mice. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 288:H7–H12, 2005

Hu L, Zhang Y, Lim PS, Miao Y, Tan C, McKenzie KU, Schyvens CG, Whitworth JA: Apocynin but not L-arginine prevents and reverses dexamethasone-induced hypertension in the rat. Am J Hypertens 19:413–418, 2006

Rey FE, Cifuentes ME, Kiarash A, Quinn MT, Pagano PJ: Novel competitive inhibitor of NAD(P)H oxidase assembly attenuates vascular O(2)(−) and systolic blood pressure in mice. Circ Res 89:408–414, 2001

Touyz RM, Mercure C, He Y, Javeshghani D, Yao G, Callera GE, Yogi A, Lochard N, Reudelhuber TL: Angiotensin II-dependent chronic hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy are unaffected by gp91phox-containing NADPH oxidase. Hypertension 45:530–537, 2005

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Dikalova A, Clempus R, Lassegue B, Cheng G, McCoy J, Dikalov S, San Martin A, Lyle A, Weber DS, Weiss D, Taylor WR, Schmidt HH, Owens GK, Lambeth JD, Griendling KK: Nox1 overexpression potentiates angiotensin II-induced hypertension and vascular smooth muscle hypertrophy in transgenic mice. Circulation 112:2668–2676, 2005

Zhang Y, Griendling KK, Dikalova A, Owens GK, Taylor WR: Vascular hypertrophy in angiotensin II-induced hypertension is mediated by vascular smooth muscle cell-derived H2O2. Hypertension 46:732–737, 2005

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Callera GE, Touyz RM, Teixeira SA, Muscara MN, Carvalho MH, Fortes ZB, Nigro D, Schiffrin EL, Tostes RC: ETA receptor blockade decreases vascular superoxide generation in DOCA-salt hypertension. Hypertension 42:811–817, 2003

Park JB, Touyz RM, Chen X, Schiffrin EL: Chronic treatment with a superoxide dismutase mimetic prevents vascular remodeling and progression of hypertension in salt-loaded stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. Am J Hypertens 15:78–84, 2002

Callera GE, Tostes RC, Yogi A, Montezano AC, Touyz RM: Endothelin-1-induced oxidative stress in DOCA-salt hypertension involves NADPH-oxidase-independent mechanisms. Clin Sci (Lond ) 110:243–253, 2006

Elmarakby AA, Loomis ED, Pollock JS, Pollock DM: NAD(P)H oxidase inhibition attenuates oxidative stress but not hypertension produced by chronic ET-1. Hypertension 45:283–287, 2005

Amiri F, Virdis A, Neves MF, Iglarz M, Seidah NG, Touyz RM, Reudelhuber TL, Schiffrin EL: Endothelium-restricted overexpression of human endothelin-1 causes vascular remodeling and endothelial dysfunction. Circulation 110:2233–2240, 2004

Chen X, Touyz RM, Park JB, Schiffrin EL: Antioxidant effects of vitamins C and E are associated with altered activation of vascular NADPH oxidase and superoxide dismutase in stroke-prone SHR. Hypertension 38:606–611, 2001

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