Bùn, rối và mô hình trong chuỗi giá trị tri thức hướng tới hành động bảo tồn đất than bùn ở vùng nhiệt đới

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 19 - Trang 887-905 - 2014
Meine van Noordwijk1, Robin Matthews2, Fahmuddin Agus3, Jenny Farmer4, Louis Verchot5, Kristell Hergoualc’h5, Sebastian Persch5, Hesti Lestari Tata6,1, Betha Lusiana1, Atiek Widayati1, Sonya Dewi1
1World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), Bogor, Indonesia
2James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen, UK
3Indonesian Soil Research Institute, Bogor, Indonesia
4University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
5Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), Bogor, Indonesia
6Forestry Research and Development Agency (FORDA), Bogor, Indonesia

Tóm tắt

Các vùng đất than bùn nhiệt đới không chỉ nổi tiếng với lượng phát thải carbon cao dựa trên diện tích khi có sự thay đổi về sử dụng đất mà còn là tâm điểm của các cuộc tranh cãi về những bất định dữ liệu liên quan. Các quan điểm về các yếu tố cơ bản gây ra sự biến thiên và bất định vẫn đang trong quá trình phát triển. Các cuộc tranh luận bao gồm các biện pháp giảm phát thải thông qua việc tái ngập nước, trồng rừng và nông lâm kết hợp. Một chuỗi giá trị tri thức dài và phức tạp liên kết (a) sự hiểu biết cơ bản về quy trình than bùn và đất than bùn dẫn đến việc định lượng dựa trên khoa học và các giá trị mặc định, (b) cam kết và (c) khả năng hành động để giảm phát thải, và cuối cùng (d) các hành động địa phương, quốc gia và toàn cầu mà hiệu quả cung cấp các quy tắc, động lực và động lực để bảo tồn đất than bùn và giảm phát thải. Chúng tôi thảo luận về chuỗi giá trị này, các bên liên quan của nó và các vấn đề vẫn còn chưa được giải quyết hoàn toàn. Chúng tôi kết luận rằng, để rút ngắn giai đoạn phủ nhận và lý thuyết âm mưu trong cuộc tranh luận có khả năng làm chậm lại các bước B và C, các mạng lưới khoa học quốc tế và quốc gia cần được tham gia từ giai đoạn đầu xác định các vấn đề môi trường nhạy cảm với chính sách. Các mô hình bao phủ một phần của chuỗi giá trị tri thức nhưng việc chuyển đổi các đơn vị phân tích cần sự chú ý cụ thể, từ thể tích đất qua diện tích và lưu lượng hàng hóa đến các cơ hội giảm phát thải. Trong khi việc tiêu nước của các vùng đất than bùn dẫn đến tăng phát thải trên quy mô cảnh quan, các yếu tố ngoài độ sâu tiêu nước, bao gồm cung cấp dinh dưỡng, có thể ảnh hưởng lớn đến tỷ lệ phân hủy. Những nỗ lực để tách rời những đóng góp của respiration thực vật và dựa trên than bùn trong các phép đo dòng chảy bề mặt bao gồm những giả định mà không thể dễ dàng xác minh trong các so sánh giữa các hình thức sử dụng đất. Với sự tiến bộ trong A dẫn đến các giá trị mặc định mới được công nhận quốc tế và với kháng cự ở bước B giảm xuống, thực tế của C và sự thiếu các giải pháp khả thi cho D hiện đang hạn chế sự tiến triển tiếp theo.

Từ khóa

#đất than bùn #phát thải carbon #bảo tồn #chuỗi giá trị tri thức #biến thiên khí hậu

Tài liệu tham khảo

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