Molecular Modification of Polysaccharides and Resulting Bioactivities

Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety - Tập 15 Số 2 - Trang 237-250 - 2016
Shijie Li1,2, Qingping Xiong3, Xiao‐Ping Lai4,2, Xia Li3, Mianjie Wan2, Jingnian Zhang2, Yajuan Yan2, Wei Ma2, Lun Lu2, Jiemin Guan4,2, Danyan Zhang2, Ying Lin2
1Affiliated Huaian Hospital, Xuzhou Medical College, Huaian, 223002 Jiangsu, PR China
2School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou Univ. of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006 Guangdong, PR China
3College of Life Science and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Inst. of Technology, Huaian, 223003 Jiangsu, PR China
4Research Inst. of Mathematical Engineering, Guangzhou Univ. of Chinese Medicine in Dongguan, Dongguan, 523808 Guangdong, PR China

Tóm tắt

AbstractPolysaccharides are ideal natural resources for supplements and pharmaceuticals that have received more and more attention over the years. Natural polysaccharides have been shown to have fewer side effects, but because of their inherently physicochemical properties, their bioactivities were difficult to compare with those of synthetic drugs. Thus, researchers have modified the structures and properties of natural polysaccharides based on structure–activity relationships and have obtained better functionally improved polysaccharides. This review focuses on the major modification methods of polysaccharides, and discusses the effect of molecular modification on their physicochemical properties and bioactivities. Molecular modification methods mainly include chemical, physical, and biological changes. Chemical modification is the most widely used method; it can significantly increase the water solubility and bioactivities of polysaccharides by grafting onto other groups. Physical and biological modifications only change the molecular weight of a polysaccharide, and thereby change its physicochemical properties and bioactivities. Most of the molecular modifications bring about an increase in the antioxidant activity of polysaccharides, and among these, sulfated and acetylated modifications are very common. Furthermore, phosphorylation modification is the most common application to increase antitumor activity, and modified polysaccharides have been shown to have anti‐HIV activity as the result of sulfated modification.

Từ khóa


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