Molecular Analysis of Mammalian Circadian Rhythms

Annual Review of Physiology - Tập 63 Số 1 - Trang 647-676 - 2001
Steven M. Reppert1, David R. Weaver1
1Laboratory of Developmental Chronobiology, Mass General Hospital for Children, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114;

Tóm tắt

▪ Abstract  In mammals, a master circadian “clock” resides in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) of the anterior hypothalamus. The SCN clock is composed of multiple, single-cell circadian oscillators, which, when synchronized, generate coordinated circadian outputs that regulate overt rhythms. Eight clock genes have been cloned that are involved in interacting transcriptional-/translational-feedback loops that compose the molecular clockwork. The daily light-dark cycle ultimately impinges on the control of two clock genes that reset the core clock mechanism in the SCN. Clock-controlled genes are also generated by the central clock mechanism, but their protein products transduce downstream effects. Peripheral oscillators are controlled by the SCN and provide local control of overt rhythm expression. Greater understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of the SCN clockwork provides opportunities for pharmacological manipulation of circadian timing.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Klein DC, 1991, Suprachiasmatic Nucleus: The Mind's Clock.

10.1146/annurev.physiol.63.1.729

10.1016/0896-6273(95)90214-7

10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80473-0

10.1038/3708

10.1080/14639230050058301

10.1074/jbc.272.13.8581

10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80566-8

10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80841-7

10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80245-7

10.1126/science.8171325

10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80246-9

10.1126/science.280.5369.1564

10.1073/pnas.95.10.5474

10.1006/bbrc.1998.9012

10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80959-9

10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81014-4

10.1126/science.286.5449.2531

10.1126/science.280.5369.1599

10.1097/00001756-200005150-00023

10.1073/pnas.97.8.4339

10.1523/JNEUROSCI.20-13-j0002.2000

10.1016/S0306-4522(98)00325-X

10.1126/science.284.5415.760

10.1021/bi962209o

10.1126/science.272.5258.109

10.1073/pnas.95.11.6097

10.1126/science.282.5393.1490

10.1038/19323

10.1073/pnas.96.21.12114

10.1126/science.288.5468.1013

10.1126/science.286.5440.768

10.1128/MCB.19.8.5316

10.1006/abbi.1998.0851

10.1111/j.1751-1097.1997.tb03214.x

Zylka MJ. 1999.Characterization of a mammalian circadian feedback loop. PhD thesis. Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA

10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80366-9

10.1038/39086

10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80495-X

10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80417-1

10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80492-4

10.1046/j.1365-2443.1998.00178.x

10.1093/emboj/17.16.4753

10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80628-5

10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80906-X

Yagita K, 2000, Genes Dev., 14, 1353, 10.1101/gad.14.11.1353

10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80627-3

10.1038/22659

10.1006/bbrc.1998.9275

10.1006/bbrc.1998.9779

10.1128/MCB.20.17.6269-6275.2000

10.1016/S0014-5793(98)01597-X

10.1046/j.1365-2443.1999.00238.x

10.1523/JNEUROSCI.19-12-j0005.1999

10.1523/JNEUROSCI.19-12-j0001.1999

10.1128/MCB.20.13.4888-4899.2000

10.1016/S0014-5793(00)01755-5

10.1038/77653

10.1016/S0960-9822(00)00594-7

10.1126/science.3413487

10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80229-9

10.1126/science.288.5465.451

10.1126/science.288.5465.483

10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81224-6

10.1097/00001756-200004070-00011

10.1126/science.285.5434.1737

10.1177/074873099129000605

Weaver DR, 2000, NeuroReport, 11, F1, 10.1097/00001756-200005150-00004

10.1177/074873099129000380

10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80464-X

10.1113/jphysiol.1991.sp018660

10.1126/science.284.5413.502

10.1126/science.284.5413.505

10.1523/JNEUROSCI.20-02-00600.2000

10.1016/0165-0173(94)90005-1

10.1002/cne.903520304

10.1016/S0301-0082(96)00032-9

10.1016/S0006-8993(99)01565-6

10.1073/pnas.96.23.13468

10.1016/0304-3940(85)90022-9

10.1076/0929-1016(200007)31:3;1-K;FT240

10.1097/00001756-200005150-00019

10.1007/s003590050053

Weaver DR. 1999. Melatonin and circadian rhythmicity in vertebrates: physiological roles and pharmacological effectsInFW Turek, P Zee, ed.Neurobiology of Sleep and Circadian Rhythms. New York: Dekker, pp. 197–262

10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80350-5

Gillette MU, 1999, Rec. Prog. Hormone Res., 54, 33

10.1177/074873049200700204

10.1038/28639

10.1038/3695

10.1523/JNEUROSCI.17-02-00667.1997

10.1126/science.8097062

10.1016/0896-6273(90)90303-W

10.1523/JNEUROSCI.13-04-01454.1993

10.1016/0006-8993(95)00685-J

10.1007/BF00190186

10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80494-8

10.1126/science.288.5466.682

10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81199-X

10.1046/j.1365-2826.1998.00232.x

10.1523/JNEUROSCI.19-03-01115.1999

10.1073/pnas.96.26.15211

10.1523/JNEUROSCI.20-15-05867.2000

10.1073/pnas.84.6.1694

10.1177/074873049100600205

10.1097/00001756-199811160-00028

10.1016/S0006-8993(98)01025-7

Ripperger JA, 2000, Genes Dev., 14, 679, 10.1101/gad.14.6.679

10.1128/MCB.20.13.4773-4781.2000

10.1093/emboj/16.22.6762

10.1016/0306-4522(94)90476-6

10.1016/0306-4522(96)00274-6

10.1016/S0361-9230(81)80036-6

10.1016/0031-9384(89)90364-8

10.1097/00001756-200005150-00004

10.1016/0306-4522(93)90128-3

10.1002/cne.901910410

10.1016/S0306-4522(99)00556-4

10.1016/0006-8993(95)01172-2

10.1016/0304-3940(93)90120-A

10.1038/42468

10.1177/074873099129000515

10.1016/0006-8993(94)90826-5

10.1523/JNEUROSCI.19-23-10228.1999

10.1523/JNEUROSCI.17-13-05221.1997

10.1016/S0304-3940(98)00464-9

10.1038/73943

10.1523/JNEUROSCI.16-17-05555.1996

10.1046/j.1460-9568.1999.00575.x

10.1016/S0306-4522(99)00106-2

10.1016/S0306-4522(98)00635-6

10.1038/382810a0

10.1016/0166-2236(87)90029-4

10.1016/S0306-4522(98)00300-5

Schwartz WJ, Reppert SM, Eagan SM, Moore-Ede MC. 1983. In vivo metabolic activity of the suprachiasmatic nuclei: a comparative study.Brain Res.274:184–87

10.1126/science.272.5260.419

10.1074/jbc.273.42.27039

10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81197-6

Akashi M, 2000, Genes Dev., 14, 645, 10.1101/gad.14.6.645

10.1006/bbrc.1999.2054

10.1126/science.286.5440.766

10.1126/science.278.5343.1632

10.1038/15973

10.1016/S0304-3940(98)00765-4

10.1126/science.289.5488.2344

Reppert SM, 1995, Ciba Found. Symp., 183, 198

10.1128/MCB.19.10.6488

10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80211-1

10.1126/science.285.5430.1066

10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81973-X

10.1146/annurev.med.48.1.253